preface
Speaking of Tang poetry, there is a word called Sheng Tang Meteorology.
So how to understand the weather in the poem, and how to reflect it when you create it yourself?
When Mr. Ye Jiaying was young, he took notes from Gu Sui's poetry class and published a book called "Gu Sui Lectures on Tang and Song Poetry". When Mr. Gu Sui analyzed Shen Qi's "Alone And Not Seen", he specially analyzed the meteorology of Tang poetry.
First, the charm and meteorology of Tang poetry
Mr. Gu Sui believes that:
The benefits of Tang poetry are twofold: first, rhyme (Shen Yun); second, meteorology. The charm has far and near, and the weather has size.
He also mentioned that when each genre first appeared, such as the five-character poems of the Han Dynasty, the seven-word poems of the Tang Dynasty, the words of the Song Dynasty, and the songs of the Yuan Dynasty, there were manifestations of meteorological grandeur.
On the flip side, such as the poems of the late Tang Dynasty, the characters are carved out, so there is no atmosphere of the Tang Dynasty.
Therefore, Gu Sui gave an example of Shen Qi's "Alone Not Seen", believing that although this song was composed in the early Tang Dynasty, it was "good weather, good color and tone".
Ii. The First "Alone and Invisible" of the Seven Laws
"Alone And Not Seen" is the ancient title of Lefu, also known as "Ancient Meaning" and "Ancient Meaning" to Supplement Qiao Zhizhi, so this poem is classified as Lefu poetry in "Tang Three Hundred".
However, this poem is also the best seven-word poem in the early days, and it is even considered by many to be the work of the seven laws of Tang poetry.
Lu family young woman Yu Jintang, Haiyan amphibian tortoiseshell beam.
In September, the cold anvil urged the wooden leaves, and the ten-year conquest recalled Liaoyang.
White Wolf River North Yinshu broken, Danfeng City South Autumn Night Long.
Who said that he was sad and alone, and even taught the bright moon to shine yellow.
This is a very common poem of grievances, written about the young woman of Chang'an, missing her husband who has not returned for ten years. Yao Nai commented on the poem, saying:
"Gao Zhen Tang Yin, far away from the ancient rhyme, this is the work of god, when the crown is taken for a day."
In Yang Shen's Sheng'an Poetry, the Ming Dynasty (He Jingming) rated this poem as the first of the Seven Laws of the Tang Dynasty:
Song Yan Canglang took Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower" poem as the first of the Tang Dynasty's Seven Laws of Speech, and recently He Zhongmo and Xue Jun took the "Lu Family Young Woman Yu Jintang" in the Shen Period as the first, and the two poems were not easy to be good or bad. Or ask to give, give: Cui Shi is endowed with more body, Shen Shi is more than Xing.
3. Tang poetry meteorology
The meteorology of this poem is first reflected in the jaw connection.
The previous sentence writes Chang'an Boudoir: September Cold Anvil Urges Wooden Leaves, and the latter sentence writes Biansai: Ten Years of Conquest and Memories of Liaoyang. A "urge" character is written in the autumn scenery Xiao Sa. The word "remembrance" refers to human sorrow.
Gu Sui commented on these two poems:
The syllables are so loud and the weather is so vast that it is easy to see future generations. Every sadness is overwhelmed by sorrow, and it is true that heaven and earth are suspended.
The two sentences of the neck are also the contrast between Chang'an and the side plug. It's just that the first sentence writes the side plug: White Wolf Hebei YinShu Broken, and the latter sentence writes Chang'an: Danfeng City South Autumn Night Long.
Gu Sui commented:
It is also a sentence outside, a sentence in the middle, the magic of opening and closing, really the same as three or four sentences, and the so-called weather and syllables will be over.
Syllables, which refer to the loud pronunciation of selected words. Meteorology refers to the openness of time and space, the grandeur of the scenery, and the spiritual power of upward self-confidence.
Judging from this poem, although it is written about the sorrow of longing, it also reflects that because of the dedication of the soldiers, the border pass is impenetrable. It was only a criticism of the early Tang Dynasty's diligence in using troops, but not sympathizing with the soldiers.
The jaw joint and the neck joint need to fight, Gu Sui mentioned:
In these four sentences, the cold anvil is to the conquest, the music book is to the autumn night, not to work, and the weather is good.
The best pairs in the rhythmic poems are often not public pairs but wide pairs. It is easy to close the palm of the hand, easy to give people a feeling of superfluous carving, but it is not as good as the wide pair, there are opening and closing, the scope of time and space is large, and the weather is greater.
Fourth, the difference between meteorology
Tang poetry weather is good, in contrast to Song poetry, Gu Sui gave two examples, such as Lu You's poem:
Xiao Lou listened to the spring rain one night, and the deep alleys sold apricot blossoms in the Ming Dynasty. "Lin'an Spring Rain First Day"
Another example is Chen Youyi's poem:
In the book of the guest's time poetry, the apricot blossom message rained. Huai Tian Jing Zhi Lao visited it
Although there are also openings and closings, it is not as large as the weather of the Shen Period.
When we read Dream of the Red Chamber, we should pay attention to Lin Daiyu's advice to Xiangling not to learn lu you's poems such as "Heavy curtains do not roll for a long time":
Xiang Ling smiled: "I only love Lu Fangweng's poems, 'Heavy curtains do not roll for a long time, and ancient stones are slightly concave and inky.' That's a lot of fun to say. Dai Yu said, "You must not learn such a poem." Because you don't know poetry, you love when you see this shallow, and once you enter this pattern, you can't learn it again. ---Forty-eighth time
Lu You's "heavy curtain does not roll up for a long time", without these two benefits of Tang poetry: rhyme (Shen Yun) and meteorology. Therefore, Lin Daiyu supported Xiangling to learn from Wang Wei, Li Bai, and Du Fu:
Dai Yu said, "You only listen to me, if you really want to learn, I have here the Complete Works of Wang Mojie, and you have read a hundred of his five-word laws, carefully and thoroughly mastered them, and then read one or two hundred of Lao Du's seven-word laws, and then read one or two hundred of Li Qinglian's seven-word sentences." These three people were disciples in the stomach first, and then Tao Yuanming, Ying Yue, Xie, Ruan, Yu, Bao, and others were looked at. You are also a very clever and clever person, and you don't need a year's effort, and you are not worried about not being a poet. ”
When Xiang Ling read Wang Wei's poem "Plugged up", she began to have a feeling:
Xiang Ling smiled: "I watched his "Plugged Up" song, and the inner cloud was connected: "The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river is full of sunsets." How to think about how straight the smoke? The day is naturally round, and the word "straight" seems unreasonable, and the word "circle" seems to be too vulgar. When I closed the book and thought about it, it was as if I had seen this scene. If you want to find two more words for these two, you can't find two more words
Xiangling believes that Wang Wei's imaginary characters are used well: straight, round. And these two imaginary words show the spectacular scene of the side plug.
Comparing Lu Youshi and Wang Weishi, we can see the difference in meteorology.
Conclusion
The depiction of the scenery, of course, is large and small, some are sparse and dense, and some are thick and thin. The ancients paid attention to opening and closing in poetry, and when choosing images, they should pay attention to each other's collocation, opening and closing.
Poets have their own styles, and the scenery also has its own characteristics, in fact, there is no need to force the size of the weather.
When describing some scenic spots and monuments, the weather and nature are good, and when describing flowers, stones, plants and trees, it is better to be meticulous.
@Old Street Taste
Cuckoos in the slanting sun twilight, slanting sun tree, oblique sun akebode? Which word is best used in Qin Guan's poem?