In the long history of mankind, before the photographs and videos freeze the picture, when the calligraphy, painting and oral description failed to restore the prosperity of that time, how did the customs and customs of that year be known? People often peek through some porcelain, sculptures and other arts and crafts.
In ancient times, Zhejiang, as a rich place in Jiangnan, has a long history and profound heritage, and its varieties, talents, skill levels, industrial scale and policy environment of traditional crafts are at the forefront of the country. In the cross-lake bridge cultural site, Hemudu cultural site, Majiabang cultural site, Liangzhu cultural site and other cultural sites in Zhejiang Province, a large number of stone tools, jade and other arts and crafts have been found, which confirms that Zhejiang's arts and crafts have a high starting point at the beginning.
Since the reform and opening up, Zhejiang's arts and crafts culture has developed rapidly. Especially in the "14th Five-Year Plan"
In order to comprehensively promote the reform and transformation, the handicraft company under the Provincial Second Light Group established the Gongmei Cultural and Creative Center.
(Gongmei Cultural and Creative Center)
Gongmei Cultural and Creative Center is located in the Craft Building, No. 12 Zhongshan North Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, and the space is divided into a master's work display area and a gongmei cultural and creative products and gifts area.
As the "top priority" of the cultural and creative center, the master works display area is full of excellent works, the gongmei cultural and creative center will be all over the province, all kinds of masterpieces gathered here, mainly based on the works of zhejiang national masters and their disciples, the second generation of craftsmen and other masters of art and art, including the works of the old generation of national masters in Zhejiang, including sculpture crafts, metal crafts, ethnic crafts and their products, natural plant fiber weaving crafts, yarn embroidery crafts, lacquerware crafts, art ceramics and other 7 categories, 147 varieties of art and crafts and collections.
1. Sculpture and handicrafts
The emergence and development of sculpture is the inevitable result of the development of human material civilization and spiritual civilization. Zhejiang's sculpture crafts include Qingtian stone carving, boxwood carving, Dongyang wood carving, Ou sculpture, bamboo root carving, reed, ivory carving, glass carving, micro-carving and other categories, which tell the history of Zhejiang's development and reflect the values and aesthetic tastes of the people of Zhejiang.
Lin Fuzhao Qingtian stone sculpture "Qianlong Tour to Jiangnan"
Biography
Lin Fuzhao, Chinese gemstone carving master, the fifth Chinese arts and crafts master. Pioneered the new technique of "continuous one-time molding method of hole method", he is good at carving landscapes, characters, flowers, birds, animals and other themes, and can integrate various expression techniques.
Brief introduction of the works:
Qingtian stone sculpture "Qianlong Tour to Jiangnan" is made from a large piece of lotus powder frozen chicken blood stone in Lin'an Changhua, with bright colors and surging blood rhymes, and then with a dark Qingtian stone base, the contrast is strong, which highlights the vividness of chicken blood stone. The author uses the techniques of high relief and skeleton carving to depict the scene of the Qianlong Emperor visiting the beautiful landscape of Jiangnan surrounded by Futai and other ministers in Zhejiang. The magnificent procession, the dragon boats of Hangzhou's West Lake, the moon in the Three Pools, the greenery of the lake and the autumn leaves of the distant mountains, and the tide of the Qiantang River come to life, reflecting the social scene of Kangqian's prosperity and Guotai Min'an.
2. Metal crafts
Metal crafts are often made of metal materials such as gold, silver, copper, iron, tin (or metal materials supplemented by other materials), which have the characteristics of thick, majestic, luxurious, elegant and fine. Bronze carving and Longquan sword are representative categories of zhejiang metal crafts.
Liu Hua Bronze Sculpture Yue Fei "Man Jiang Hong"
Liu Hua, director of the Liu Hua Copper Culture and Art Museum, has been immersed in the study of the fusion art of copper and wood carving. Using ancestral wood carving techniques, the combination of copper and wood is applied to the work.
Hammer ten thousand chisel forging fine. The bronze sculpture "Manjiang Red" is made after tens of thousands of forgings after a certain proportion of copper pieces are cropped according to the pattern. Every hammer and every knock of Liu Hua is a dialogue with bronze.
3. Ethnic crafts and their products
National handicrafts are one of the splendid cultures created by working people, and a mirror that reflects the local people's living customs, social etiquette, love and hatred. Zhejiang's ethnic handicrafts include fine-grained carved paper, West Lake silk umbrellas, paper-cutting, seals, craft fans, lake pens, etc., with extremely strong local characteristics and styles.
Wen Huaiyan Paper-cutting 《Charm Bridge Pier》
Wen Huaiyan, representative inheritor of Wenzhou Intangible Cultural Heritage "Point color paper cutting", representative inheritor of Zhejiang Province Intangible Cultural Heritage Project "Point Color Paper Cutting". At the age of 33, he taught himself fine-grained paper engraving, and at the age of 34, he boldly innovated and introduced calligraphy into paper-cutting. Paper engraving skills set drawing, cutting, point color as a whole, the knife work is delicate, the expression technique is vivid and lively, especially the point color paper cutting and fine grain carving paper is known.
Qiaodun Town, Cangnan County, Wenzhou City, is located at the junction of three counties (Cangnan, Fuding and Taishun) in Zhejiang and Fujian Provinces, and is the southern gate of Zhejiang. The bridge pier is called Songshan for five generations, and later called the bridge pier gate, which has a deep cultural heritage, unique natural landscape and rich products. Wen Huaiyan is a resident of Qiaodun Town, he captured Yucang Mountain, Yulong Lake, Bowl Kiln Ancient Village, Gun butou, Wufeng Tea Garden, Bridge Pier Mooncake, Single-file Cloth Bag Play, Fishing Drum Eight Representative Scenic Spots and Intangible Cultural Heritage Project List, through paper-cutting "Charm Bridge Pier", artistic re-creation of his hometown.
Fourth, natural plant fiber weaving handicrafts
Fiber craftsmanship is an ancient art rooted in the nation and folklore. Zhejiang folk still have many timeless traditional fiber crafts, mainly bamboo weaving, straw weaving and so on. While inheriting the traditional living customs of the Zhejiang people, they have inherited this grounded folk art.
Wu Shijun Bamboo ed. "Lucky Luck"
Wu Shijun, Master of Arts and Crafts of Jinhua City, Assistant Craftsman. He once served as the production team leader and workshop director of Dongyang Bamboo Weaving Craft Factory. He has been practicing art for more than 40 years and has rich working experience in bamboo weaving crafts.
Based on the traditional basket, "Fulu Auspicious" is made and processed with superb weaving skills, accompanied by precious mahogany flower board carvings, bats, double deer, cranes, magpies to explore plums, alluding to "Fulu Shouxi".
5. Embroidery crafts
The embroidery process is to embroider beautiful flowers and patterns on the weaving material by hand embroidery and machine embroidery to make beautiful fabric decorations. Zhejiang's yarn embroidery process includes Ou embroidery, Hangzhou embroidery, hair embroidery, carved flat embroidery, Xiaoshan lace, machine embroidery and other categories, which are popular in Europe, America, Oceania and some asian countries.
"Three Little Kittens" Chen Shuiqin
Chen Shuiqin, a master of Chinese arts and crafts, is good at animal embroidery, flowers, birds, fish and insects, and portraits. The various stitches are used freely and appropriately, and the style of his works is unique. She inherited and developed the art of Hangzhou embroidery, painstakingly cultivated a new generation of Hangzhou embroidery technicians, and is the leader of Hangzhou embroidery art.
"Three Kittens" uses a variety of embroidery stitches such as loose needles, random needles, needles, and needles at one time, successfully showing the furry texture and three-dimensional sense of the kittens, and processing the original single coat color with rich layers and changeable tones. The three kittens have bright eyes, different looks, and their aura is vivid and endearing. This work won the gold medal of the first China Arts and Crafts Exhibition, and is a representative work of Zhejiang Provincial Arts and Crafts Masters judged by Chen Shuiqin.
6. Lacquerware handicrafts
Everyday utensils, handicrafts, and art products made by applying lacquer to the surface of various utensils are generally referred to as "lacquerware". In China, our ancestors have known the properties of lacquer since the Neolithic Age and used it to make utensils. Lacquerware, vermilion lacquer wood carving, bone wood inlay, colored stone inlay... Zhejiang's lacquerware craft has continued to develop in the long course of history and has now reached a fairly high level.
Zhang Gaojun Lacquer Art Plate "Red Pincer Crab"
Biography:
Zhang Gaojun is a member of the China Artists Association, the vice president of the Zhejiang Lacquer Painting Research Association, the adjunct professor of the Academy of Fine Arts of Zhejiang Normal University, the member of the 7th Zhoushan Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the president of the Zhoushan Fishermen's Painting Industry Association, the vice president of the Zhoushan Tourism Commodities Association, the vice president of the Zhoushan Arts and Crafts Society, and the general manager of Zhoushan Red Pincer Crab Marine Culture Development Co., Ltd.
The lacquer work "Red Pincer Crab" uses the traditional lacquer removal process to make the chassis, and then through the eggshell inlay, paint stacking, foil, hood dyeing, sanding, polishing and polishing and other processes to complete the production. The works are thick and elegant, and they are full of strong marine characteristics.
7. Fine art ceramics
Fine art ceramics often refer to handmade, exquisite and complex ceramic crafts with artistic appreciation value. The fine art ceramics with Zhejiang characteristics mainly include Longquan celadon porcelain, purple sand pot, Yue kiln celadon porcelain, Wuzhou kiln porcelain, Yingbai porcelain and so on.
Xu Chaoxing Longquan Celadon "Peony Bowl"
Xu Chaoxing is a senior arts and crafts artist, a senior member of the China Arts and Crafts Society, and a member of the China Industrial Design Association. In 1991, he was awarded the honorary title of the first "Zhejiang Provincial Arts and Crafts Master" by the People's Government of Zhejiang Province, and in 1997, he was awarded the honorary title of the fourth "Master of Chinese Arts and Crafts" by the General Association of Light Industry.
Longquan celadon gray blue glaze products are a variety that quietly emerged at the end of the twentieth century, its raw materials are white porcelain clay, the surface is applied with gray glaze and green glaze, the product is blue-yellow, simple and chic, with the charm of the Tang and Song Dynasties, "Peony Bowl" is one of the rare masterpieces. The surface decoration of the work uses a novel "jumping knife" process, which is extremely difficult to operate. In accordance with the predetermined process requirements, while letting the porcelain blank rotate on the machine, while holding the knife in hand to take off the air to "shake", the cutting and repairing of the rapidly rotating semi-dry porcelain blank is carried out, and the surface is steadily embossed with regular beating. The work is mainly based on deformed peony patterns, and the surrounding configuration is dense and beautiful, and various twill patterns are exquisite. The pattern starts from the lower part of the bowl and gradually extends, contrasting with each other, contrasting with each other, and complementing each other. This decorative technique is an innovative move in contemporary celadon production, embodying the beauty of flexibility and beauty craftsmanship, not only continuing the traditional charm, but also beating with a lively and cheerful modern aesthetic melody.
In addition to the seven characteristic craft categories of Zhejiang, there are also jadeite from Guangdong, white porcelain from Fujian, Lu Yan from Shandong, Xiaoxing pottery from Guangxi, silverware from Yunnan and other characteristic craft masters from all over the country are also displayed here for appreciation.
Tian Yinzhong,"Five Dragons PlayIng Pearl Flying Kettle"
Arts and crafts are not only for enjoyment, but also carry contemporary culture and the emotions of craftsmen. Through those cumbersome patterns and unworldly luster, the moonlight and breeze of the time were also endowed here. They stand on this side of the land, constantly exuding the cultural heritage and vitality of the new era.