The apes bid farewell to each other.
Just a few stones grinded,
Childhood.
A flame rises in a copper-iron furnace,
To ask when to guess?
But a few thousand cold and hot.
It is rare for the world to laugh,
The upper frontier fields bend each other's bow moons.
Flowed all over,
Suburban primary blood.
A reading of the flying snow,
But remember the specks,
A few lines of obsolescence.
The Five Emperors and three emperors,
Fooled the endless passers-by.
How many merry characters are there?
After the reputation of the thief,
More Chen Wang rose up and waved huang qi.
The song is not finished,
Oriental white.
This is Chairman Mao's poem "He Groom Reading History," and Chairman Mao loved to read history books very much and knew history best. His wisdom to save the country, his strategy for governing the country, and even his poetry can all be found in Chinese history.
Chairman Mao, who liked to read history, once put forward his own suggestions for revising the "Biography of Zhu Yuanzhang", which was rare in his lifetime, which showed the importance that the chairman attached to the history of Ming.
It can be seen that the history of the Ming Dynasty played a pivotal role in the long river of Chinese history of the past five thousand years, and many works that are explaining history have emerged.
Today we will talk about the book "The Sixteen Emperors of the Dynasty", which vividly shows the life trajectory of the sixteen emperors of the Ming Dynasty in front of us with a rigorous and realistic attitude of governance and a civilian perspective. A magnificent and legendary, complex and vivid picture of daming history slowly unfolds.
The two authors of this book are Xu Wenji and Chen Shilong.
Xu Wenji graduated from the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. He is currently working in the Ming History Department of the Institute of History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, engaged in the research of Huixue and the social and economic history of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and has published many papers.
Chen Shilong, received his Ph.D. from the Department of History of Fudan University in 2004 and later worked in the Ming History Office of the Institute of History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. He is currently a researcher at the Institute of Ancient History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the director of the Research Office of Ancient General History, and the deputy secretary-general of the Chinese Ming History Society. His research focuses on the intellectual and political history of the Ming Dynasty.
Next, let's travel through the ancient times, enter the 276-year history of the Ming Dynasty, and explore the wonderful stories of the 16 heavenly sons of the Ming Dynasty, either inspirational or absurd.
Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang, the supreme version of the grassroots life counterattack story; Ming Chengzu Zhu Di, who immediately fell in the annals of history; Emperor Mingren Zhu Gaozi, like Prince Charles, was waiting for the throne bitterly; Ming Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji, half a monarch of the prosperous world and half a hidden worry; Ming Wuzong Zhu Houzhao, always a powerful young overlord of adolescence; Ming Shizong Zhu Houxi, who was obsessed with refining Dan and ignoring the government and ignoring the government; Zhu Youjian, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, was stubborn and self-conscious.
Today, we must not only talk about the Zhu family's Jiangshan and men, but also focus on the women behind these kings. Look at the Zhu family's sitting steadily, the beauty is more accurate, sitting on the Jiangshan and the beauty of the big tomorrow who has who. Talk about the immeasurable historical role of these virtuous and virtuous women in the future.
01 The love story of Ming Taizu and the Empress Dowager
"The swallow is weighed, and the long rainbow is used as a pole?" The crescent moon in the sky is hooked, calling me a few rivers and mountains! It is hard to imagine that such a bold verse came from the mouth of Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming Taizu who came from the grassroots.
Zhao Yi, a historian of the Qing Dynasty, once said: "Gai Mingzu is a person, and the nature of a sage, a haojie, and a thief is also a person who has both." Zhu Yuanzhang was exactly such a person, a very individual with both arrogance and banditry; a colorful person.
When Zhu Yuanzhang was a teenager, his family was destitute, and he dropped out of school to become a cattle herder. Due to drought and locust plague, there was a large-scale famine and plague, and Zhu Yuanzhang's parents and brother died one after another during this period. Alone, he had no choice but to go to the Huangjue Temple to become a monk, traveling in all directions and living by fate. Zhu Yuanzhang, who was displaced and impoverished, threw himself into the wave of the peasant uprising, joined the Red Turban Army, and became a pro-soldier of the leader Guo Zixing.
Guo Zixing preferred Zhu Yuanzhang, who was unusual in appearance, quick-witted, shrewd and capable, and always took the lead in going out to fight, and gave him his righteous daughter Ma Shixu.
Meeting the noble man Guo Zixing in his life, he achieved a love story of Ming Taizu.
Some people say that behind every successful man there is a great woman, Zhu Yuanzhang is no exception, Empress Ma has become the biggest support in his life, and it is his strong backing and xiannei help to complete the imperial business.
She reconciled the contradictions between Zhu Yuanzhang and his righteous father and stabilized his position in the army; led women to make military uniforms and military shoes to support the front line to boost morale; advised Taizu to reduce killing, stabilize the imperial industry, and so on.
Taizu once said affectionately to Empress Ma: "Rise from the cloth clothes, ascend to the throne, rely on meritorious servants on the outside, and after the inner virtuous, for the Shu Si Shu, for the Shuo Army, for the Qiao Relatives and the Jia Shi Clothing and Shoes, all kinds of labor, the list goes on. In ancient times, it was said that there were good wives in the family, and there was a good appearance in the country of Judah, and now that the virtuous are as good as the queen, the ancient sayings of Yiyi are not vain.
However, Ma Hou said: Concubines and wives are easy to protect each other, and it is difficult for kings and subjects to protect each other, and His Majesty does not forget that concubines are poor and lowly, and is willing to share difficulties with kings and subjects.
In Chinese history, the harem is chaotic, but Empress Ma is like a dazzling light, showing the beauty of human nature and the beauty of women.
Unfortunately, Empress Ma, who was only 51 years old, died of illness, and the death of such a virtuous queen made Taizu feel pain in his heart for a long time, and he could not let go of his heart for a long time, and he has never been established since.
02 The Story of Akihito and Empress Zhang
When Zhang Married Emperor Renzong, he was not yet a crown prince, and Zhang was given the title of Princess Shizi. In the second year of Yongle, she was made crown princess.
The Zhang clan had a good character, a virtuous and virtuous person, and was thoughtful and cautious in his work, and was deeply loved by Chengzu and Empress Renxiao.
At that time, the other two princes, King Zhao and King Of Han, always alienated the relationship between the prince and Chengzu, deliberately framed the prince, and Chengzu also had the heart of Yi Chu. In such a severe situation, zhang shi was not alarmed, and did his best to maintain her husband's position many times, once saying that "those who are on the verge of changing are repeated, and they will not be abolished after death."
Once, Cheng Zu held a banquet in the inner palace, and Zhang Shi personally cooked a hand and served Cheng Zu and the empress very happily. Cheng Zu praised the empress and said, "The bride Sage, he has a lot of family affairs. Indeed, later facts proved that Zhang Shi was very capable, knowledgeable of the general situation, and considered the overall situation, which really responded to the old saying of the good woman Wang Sandai.
After becoming empress, Zhang shi cared about politics and people's livelihood, knew everything about what was happening inside and outside the imperial court, and became Emperor Renzong's best assistant.
However, the most valuable thing is that although Empress Zhang understood politics but did not interfere in politics, she was very strict with her family, and did not allow them to use their own connections to obtain high-ranking officials and lords without their ability, let alone allow them to interfere in the government.
In this way, under the support and understanding of Empress Zhang, although he ascended the throne at the age of 47, he appointed a virtuous minister, heavy peasants and people, lenient punishment and provincial prison, clean self-love, governed the country, the world was peaceful, the country was peaceful, and the country was safe, and he won the great ming dynasty of "the rule of Renxuan".
Unfortunately, Emperor Renzong, who had only been emperor for one year, died of illness.
The good stories of Empress Zhang and Emperor Renzong still have practical significance through ancient and modern times. It was as if women were a school for men.
03 The Monogamous Story of Emperor Ming and Empress Zhang
This title is surprising at first glance, in the era of three thousand harem beauties, monogamy was too maverick, setting a precedent for monogamy in Chinese history. Some say that Ming Xiaozong may have been the only Chinese emperor to practice monogamy.
He had only one queen in his life, and had no other concubines. Empress Zhang, a native of Cangzhou, Hebei, after the middle of the Ming Dynasty
In the concubine selection system, the empress was generally born in a commoner's family, and Zhang's father was originally just a talent, and then he was sent to the Guozi Prison to study. Zhang's family is from the family of readers, the family of scholars, good tutoring, knowledge of books, calligraphy and painting proficiency.
In 1487, Zhang married Emperor Xiaozong, who was then the crown prince, and in September of the same year, Emperor Xiaozong succeeded to the throne, and Zhang was officially made empress.
In 1491, Empress Zhang gave birth to the emperor's eldest son, Zhu Houzhao, later Emperor Wuzong. Zhu Houzhao was born with a beautiful face and a very good demeanor, and there are poems describing: "Pure quality is more than ice jade, and the spirit is radiant." "This child is deeply liked and loved by Xiaozong, and he is naturally more pampered for the child's mother."
The late Ming scholar Huang Jingfang said: "Shi Zhang hou loves the most, and lives ditto, such as the folk couple." "The emperor and empress are like folk couples, living together, Qinser and Ming. This was really rare in the private life of feudal emperors.
In the harem of the pink daisy, the situation of Xiaozong is certainly puzzling. There are also many explanations for the monogamy of Emperor Xiaozong, which will not be repeated here.
In short, the couple has similar interests and hobbies and grows up together. Filial piety is three thousand weak water, and I only take one scoop to drink, which is also admirable. Empress Zhang can make the hall a heavenly son, set the favor of one person, and must also be a strange woman with extraordinary ability. The couple's affection is deep and enviable.
04 Write at the end
"Just explaining the Sixteen Emperors of the Dynasty" here the story will slowly come to an end. This vivid story makes every emperor jump on the paper and makes the history of Daming swing back to the intestines.
When we read history, we want to integrate history with our own lives, grab our own life wisdom in the lives of others, and live our own lives in order to understand history.