Professor Zhang Guangbo
Professor Zhang Guangbo was born in 1930 in Laoting County, Hebei Province. From a poor family, he studied hard and achieved excellent results, and was admitted to the medical department of Peking University School of Medicine in 1951 and graduated in July 1956. Because of his excellent character and learning, he was selected by the state to study in Czechoslovakia. During his studies, he studied under the world-renowned Prof. Frijka at the Brno Medical College, the second largest city in the Czech Republic, to pursue an associate doctorate in orthopedic surgery. After returning to China at the end of 1959, Zhang Guangbo went to work at Peking Union Medical College Hospital.
Expert in leading the innovation of spinal cord medicine
Professor Zhang Guangbo is almost unknown in the field of spinal cord medicine in China. He has such a high reputation because he is in the vast ocean of medicine, holding the concept of curing diseases and saving people, tirelessly climbing to the peak of medicine. After returning from studying in the Czech Republic, he continued his postgraduate studies at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
He has served in the Department of Orthopedics of Peking Union Medical College Hospital for 22 years, has undergone solid and rigorous clinical, teaching and scientific research practice, and was the deputy director of the department of major surgery and surgery of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. In the early 1980s, he studied under Jun Inoue, a famous professor of spine surgery at Chiba University in Japan. After the completion of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital in 1984, he was assigned by the leaders of the Ministry of Health to the China-Japan Friendship Hospital as the director of major surgery and orthopedics.
He is one of the three professors of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital who were promoted by the Professor Promotion Examination Committee of Peking University School of Medicine. In the more than 50 years of practicing medicine in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and the China-Japan Friendship Hospital of the Ministry of Health, he has studied diligently and bravely, which can be said to have achieved fruitful results.
For example, in the 1960s, when he was working at the Union Hospital, bone and joint infections were extremely common in China, and their treatment was a very difficult problem. The traditional "saucer-shaped" surgery not only has a long course of treatment, but also the odor emitted from the wound is difficult for patients and families to accept. From the beginning of 1966 to the end of 1978, in response to this refractory bone and joint infection, he took the lead in using the method of complete removal of the lesion, closed continuous lavage and drainage, and obtained good results after long-term follow-up. For this clinical research achievement and its popularization and application, he was awarded the second prize for health science and technology progress by the Ministry of Health in 1977.
By the 1980s, due to malformations has become an important disease of orthopedics, especially adolescent scoliosis not only causes psychological trauma to adolescent patients, but also severe patients are often accompanied by cardiopulmonary dysfunction, and even disability, which seriously endangers their physical and mental health and growth. Foreign experience proves that only the combination of mass census and orthopedic surgery, early detection and timely correction is an effective way to prevent and reduce the serious harm of spinal deformities to adolescents.
Professor Zhang Guangbo participated in academic activities before his death
During the period before the opening of the hospital (from May 1984 to January 1985) after his appointment at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital, he led his colleagues, riding bicycles, carrying instruments and dry food, in the sweltering heat and severe winter, early and late returning, to conduct a scoliosis census of 20,418 7-15-year-old adolescents in 44 primary and secondary schools in downtown Beijing and near the suburbs.
In foreign countries, this kind of census of adolescents is mostly carried out, and the two-test screening method is mostly used, that is, the school medical staff or professional doctors do physical examination or forward bend test, and those who are positive then take X-rays. Although the accuracy of this examination method is high, the false positive caused by the physical examination or forward bending test due to incorrect posture or visual error is high, and the number of X videos that need to be taken from the first test to the second test is still quite large.
According to our national conditions, he believes that we should adopt a method that is both accurate and economical in terms of inspection, that is, the "three inspections and screening" method.
The first examination: with the cooperation of the school infirmary, the trained medical staff will go to the school to conduct a census and measure the height, weight, sitting height, and the distance between the fingers of the two middle fingers in the arm outstretch.
Second inspection: For those who appeared abnormal in the first test, the Nissan FM40 raster projection cloud pattern photography device introduced at his suggestion was used for review. The image of the cloud pattern uses optical methods to show the shape of the torso through contour images, which is not only accurate, but also fast, no radioactive damage to the limbs, and the price of taking a photo is only 15-20% of the X-ray.
The third test: X-ray the person with spinal deformity that appeared after the previous two rounds of examination. The proportion of dorsosis obtained after three examinations is similar to the incidence of dorsosis in adolescents around the world. These proportional data are widely cited internationally.
According to the results of the three examinations, different treatment methods were taken for the different degrees of kyphosis that appeared in the adolescent's body. For patients with scoliosis below 10 degrees, educate them in sitting and standing postures, and encourage them to carry school bags with their shoulders, rather than treating them with special treatment.
For the 10 degrees - 20 degrees of deformity for medical gymnastics treatment, Zhang Guangbo specially for them to compile and print the "scoliosis and kyphosis deformity gymnastics therapy" booklet, each gymnastics is 9 sessions, according to the individual's different deformities, increase or decrease the time and proportion of each session of gymnastics, guided by the physical therapist, in the school clinic physician organization and family cooperation, planned and persistent exercise, review every six months, and take cloud patterns, 1 year X-ray to observe the efficacy and deformity development.
For patients with scoliosis deformity of 20--45 degrees, a new type of plastic brace is treated, and the re-examination is carried out every 3 months, and the cloud pattern is taken, and the X-ray is taken for half a year to observe the efficacy. For patients with scoliosis above 20 degrees who are unwilling to undergo brace treatment, traction therapy is given. The hospital outpatient clinic has a treatment bed dedicated to traction. For patients with obvious aggravation of deformities and above 45 degrees, timely treatment of spinal orthopaedic fusion is carried out.
On the diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis, Zhang Guangbo has published dozens of papers on personal experience in treatment and how to deal with problems that arise during surgery. In particular, he stressed that scoliosis surgery is one of the most complex procedures in orthopedic surgery, and that there are some basic conditions for performing this procedure:
First, familiar with the pathological anatomy of scoliosis, understand the basic principles of surgical treatment, and have a doctor who masters this surgical operation.
Second, it has scoliosis orthopedic internal fixation and operation of supporting machinery.
Third, there are doctors who can master the anesthesia of scoliosis surgery.
Fourth, it has a relatively good sterile operating room and corresponding facilities.
Fifth, there are sufficient blood sources and bone sources.
Zhang Guangbo's pioneering contributions to the research and treatment of scoliosis were awarded the third prize for scientific and technological progress by the Ministry of Health in 1995, and the State Science and Technology Commission awarded him the certificate of "National Scientific and Technological Achievement Completer" in 1997. In 1989, he cooperated with engineering and technical personnel to develop the first generation of single-photon bone density measuring instrument in China, and completed many papers on human bone density determination and osteoporosis, of which "Development and Application of Single Photon Bone Density Measuring Instrument" won the third prize of the ministerial level. In 1996, he cooperated with foreign units to use self-designed new compression screws to treat femoral neck fractures, and "The Development and Clinical Application of Compound Pressurized ThreadEd Nails" won the third prize of the ministry.
In the early 1980s, he pioneered the use of arched intramedullary needles (Ender nails) to treat multi-segment fractures of long bones of the lower limbs, such as multi-segment fractures of the femoral shaft, only a small incision of 2.5 cm in the epicondyle of the femur, penetrated into the bone needle, closed and reduced the fracture under perspective, and fixed the "three-point" line using the bow of the needle, so that the complex major surgery that needed to be opened was converted into a simple minimally invasive minor operation, and the effect was good. In cooperation with Professor Zhang Xuezhe, he first adopted the comprehensive classification method of spinal fractures in China and used it for clinical use, making the classification of spinal fractures more practical and more clinically instructive.
For his achievements in medical and scientific research, he was awarded a special government lifetime allowance in 1991 by the State Council of the People's Republic of China. In 1994, he won the "China-Japan Friendship Hospital Science and Technology Contribution Individual Award".
Zhang Guangbo has always regarded "Rewarding Diligence in Heaven" as his motto in his study and work. He is not only diligent in practice and innovative in the clinic, but also diligent in theoretical research and good at summarizing, so that his personal experience can become a valuable knowledge wealth. In this regard, he published more than 100 papers, which were collected into the Collected Works of Zhang Guangbo, which is the crystallization of his decades of medical practice. He also edited "Osteotomy Design and Application Research", "Spinal Tuberculosis", and participated in the compilation of more than 10 large-scale medical professional books, including "Bone, Joint, Muscle" and other important books in the "Encyclopedia of Chinese Medicine". These works have become a treasure trove for the vast number of orthopedic medical personnel to acquire knowledge in the sea of study.
Mentor to young doctors
Zhang Guangbo attaches great importance to cultivating young people. He is good at teaching, with clear lectures, clear concepts, and strong focus, and is loved by medical students and trainees. He trained young doctors with enthusiasm and taught them superb medical skills hand in hand. Whether it is in Peking Union Medical College Hospital or Sino-Japanese Hospital, doctors who have just embarked on medical positions are not only strictly required, but also taught by example and enthusiastically encouraged.
Guo Wanshou, an orthopedic doctor at China-Japan Hospital, said of Zhang Guangbo, "Director Zhang Guangbo created the Department of Orthopedics of China-Japan Friendship Hospital. From the very beginning, a solid foundation was laid for the development of this department. It can be said that the growth of all of Corey's doctors is inseparable from his training. I am also one of the lucky ones.
At the beginning of the opening of the hospital, there were many trauma patients in the orthopedic department, many of whom were open injuries, so many debridement surgeries were done every day. Debridement surgery is a very ordinary operation, but Director Zhang attaches great importance to it. He often said that orthopedic surgery is no big or small. He usually requires and urges everyone to attach great importance to debridement, grasp the indications for surgery, strictly follow the operation routine, and personally ask about the healing of each patient. It was at his request that the debridement surgery in the orthopedic department was very formal, and the patient recovered well, and I did not see a case of postoperative infection during that time.
What lingers in my memory is the director's emphasis on the sterile concept of surgery. He attaches great importance to the preparation, disinfection and skin protection during surgery, and is strict and every step is in place. Whoever doesn't do it well, he will make it clear and criticize it harshly. Later, whenever we instructed young doctors in debridement and sterile surgery, we always remembered the director's teachings in our minds and unconsciously imitated the director.
The ideas of the older generation of masters like the director have been carried forward and passed on to our generation of doctors. Debridement, aseptic surgery is the first lesson I gave to me by Director Zhang, who made me understand that being a surgeon must have a solid foundation and philosophy, and this lesson has benefited me for life. ”
Tan Mingsheng, director of the Department of Orthopedics of China-Japan Hospital, praised Zhang Guangbo in this way: "If you want to ask me, who has the greatest influence on my medical career? I will answer without hesitation, he is Professor Zhang Guangbo. He was my academic leader and mentor. His academic ideas benefited me for a lifetime, his charisma and noble character infected and forged my thoughts, his care made me through the critical period of the growth and maturity of surgeons, and he introduced me to the sacred temple of spine surgery. With his rich medical, teaching and scientific research practice, he showed people his outstanding style of being a person, doing things, and doing learning. As a man, he is of high moral character, strong will, and weak in fame and fortune; To do learning, he has a solid foundation, practical methods, and a solid learning style; Doing things, he practices what he preaches, meticulously, and pursues perfection. It is precisely this noble character and truth-seeking and pragmatic style of study and style that have enabled him to make outstanding historical contributions to the development of medical treatment, teaching and scientific research in spine surgery in China. He always offered rewards to his disciples and juniors, and he often encouraged me not only to be able to do surgery, but also to do scientific research and academics. He is always humble and gentlemanly to his juniors, humbly seeking advice, working hard to complement each other. ”
During his tenure as the director of the Department of Orthopedics of China-Japan Hospital, Zhang Guangbo not only trained graduate students himself, but also contacted and sent more than 10 young doctors abroad for further study in his personal name, making important contributions to the successors of the Department of Orthopedics.
Create an academic exchange platform to promote the development of orthopedics
In order to widely disseminate advanced medical techniques in the spine and spinal cord, conduct academic exchanges in the field of spine and spinal cord, and improve the level of China in this field of medicine, Professor Zhang Guangbo and other experts jointly founded the Spine and Spinal Cord Professional Committee of the Chinese Rehabilitation Medicine Association and founded the Chinese Journal of Spine and Spinal Cord. These two academic exchange platforms were established in 1991. Under the leadership of Professor Zhang Guangbo, Professor Cai Qinlin and Hou Shuxun, the Spine and Spinal Cord Professional Committee of the Chinese Rehabilitation Medicine Association has continued to grow and become one of the most important and dynamic professional committees of the Chinese Rehabilitation Medicine Association.
Zhang Guangbo pays close attention to the development of the spinal cord field in the international arena. As early as the end of the last century, he was keenly aware of the prospects of the application of minimally invasive surgery in the field of spinal cord, and under the leadership of a professional committee, he organized relevant experts to establish the "Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Group", which is now flourishing throughout the country.
He also saw that although the number of patients with osteoarticular and spinal tuberculosis has decreased in the hospitals of large cities in China, it is still one of the most common diseases that threaten the health of working people in remote provinces, especially in terms of anti-tuberculosis drugs, surgical indications and surgical methods, which are very confusing, for which he has organized three national symposiums on spine and osteoarticular tuberculosis, so that the problems in the treatment of spinal and osteoarticular tuberculosis have been paid attention to or a certain consensus has been reached.
As the editor-in-chief, Zhang Guangbo has made a lot of efforts to run the "Chinese Journal of Spine and Spinal Cord" well in the past 20 years. He often drives a night train after work to revise manuscripts, and under his careful care and sweat, the journal distribution has long covered all provinces and autonomous regions (including Hong Kong and Macao), and the electronic version covers 20 countries in Europe and the United States. It has become the only national-level spinal cord journal in China, and is a core journal recognized by relevant experts nationwide and officially included in the clinical medicine category of the "Chinese Core Journals Overview". He has made outstanding contributions to the academic development of the spine and spinal cord in China.
On the front lines of disaster relief
As the son of a poor peasant, Professor Zhang Guangbo always remembers to serve the people wholeheartedly. In his youth, he responded to the call to participate in the "open door school", "go to the countryside for medical treatment" and train grass-roots doctors. When some areas were hit by major natural disasters, he did not hesitate to go to the front line of disaster relief.
In February 1973, a major earthquake of magnitude 8.3 occurred in Ganzi, the typhoon of Qionghai in September 1973 and the 7.3 magnitude earthquake in Haicheng, Liaoning province in 1975, all of which served as the leader of the central medical team assigned by the Ministry of Health to complete the disaster relief and medical tasks in the disaster area.
Professor Zhang Guangbo used his medical career of more than 50 years to interpret the noble duty of a white-clad soldier to make unremitting progress on the medical front, selfless dedication, and save lives and help the injured.