In 2021, electric vehicles ushered in a big explosion of sales, and at the same time, the anxiety about the endurance of electric vehicles also accompanied every car owner. Will the problem of slow charging and short battery life of electric vehicles be solved in 2022?
800V high voltage fast charge eruption
Porsche Taycan is one of the earliest models equipped with 800V fast charging technology, the pace of major domestic OEMs is slower, but it has also focused on 800V high-voltage platform models.
In 2021, major OEMs have released the corresponding 800V high-voltage platform planning, and in 2022, they will release/deliver, such as Sharon Mecha Dragon, Xiaopeng G9, BYD ocean-X and so on.
Overseas companies also have Lotus Type 132, as well as hyundai IONIQ 5, which has been released and will be listed domestically this year. New forces such as Ideal and Zero Run also have plans for 800V high-voltage platforms.
Judging from the information that has been disclosed, the models with 800V high-voltage fast charging technology on the market in 2022 will not be less than 10.
Today's mainstream 400V voltage, the charging power can reach up to 100kW, 30%-80% of the charging time takes 30 minutes. Under 800V high voltage, the charging power can reach 300-500kW, and 30%-80% of the charging can be completed in 6-10 minutes.
However, the increase in the voltage platform means that the electrical architecture of the whole vehicle must be redesigned based on the high-voltage platform, and the continuous high-voltage high-current charging will affect the internal stability of the lithium battery, which puts forward higher requirements for the thermal management system.
According to the current progress of new cars of various OEMs, 800V may become the mainstream of high-end electric vehicles in the future, but it is unlikely to become the standard of electric vehicles.
The thousand mile endurance continues to roll inside
In January 2021, NIO released its first sedan, the ET7, which plans to mass-produce a model with a battery capacity of 150kWh in 2022 and a range of more than 1,000 kilometers. The ET5 released later also has a version with a range of more than 1,000 kilometers.
Ouyang Minggao, vice chairman of the China Electric Vehicle 100 Association, once said, "Thousand kilometers of endurance is more likely to appear in SUVs, one is that there is room for installing batteries, and the other is that consumers are willing to pay for it." ”
As a result, GAC Aean LX PLUS became the first model to mass-produce a 1,000 km endurance, with a battery capacity of 144.4 kWh and a cruising range of 1008 km.
The Zhiji L7, which will be delivered in 2022, will also have a version with a range of more than 1,000 kilometers. Or bydir ocean-X, which will be released this year, has an endurance of more than 1,000 kilometers.
If you want to break through 1,000 batteries, you need to increase the energy density of the battery, so that you can install a battery pack with a larger amount of power in a limited space.
For example, the 1008 km endurance version of GAC Aean LX Plus is equipped with a large battery of 144.4kWh, and the energy density of the battery has reached 205Wh/kg.
Even if it is a high-speed 20% discount shrinkage rate, the model with a thousand mile endurance can run seven or eight hundred kilometers. The endurance of a single time has exceeded that of most fuel vehicles, and it can fully meet the needs for urban transportation.
Solid-state batteries or into a large direction
Increase battery energy density, under the existing chemical system, ternary lithium batteries have encountered bottlenecks, want to achieve higher energy density, the current mainstream solution is semi-solid-state batteries.
Among the lithium battery models mass-produced on the market, the model with higher energy density is the Hongqi E-HS9, which is equipped with a battery of the Ningde era, and the energy density reaches 206Wh/kg, and the battery energy density of GAC Aian LX PLUS is 205Wh/kg.
Changan Auchan Keshang EV and BAIC EX3 are equipped with Guoxuan Hi-Tech batteries, and the energy density also exceeds 200Wh/kg. The Polar Fox Alpha S is equipped with SKI's battery, and the energy density is 194.12Wh/kg.
Guoxuan Hi-Tech, Ningde Times, etc. have technologies that increase the energy density of the monomer to more than 300Wh/kg. However, due to the influence of the material properties of lithium batteries, further improving the energy density of batteries will have an impact on safety.
Compared with lithium batteries, semi-solid-state batteries have the advantages of high energy density, fast charging speed, many cycles and good thermal stability. The 150kWh version of the NIO ET7 will use semi-solid-state batteries.
It is foreseeable that in 2022, when the thousand mile endurance begins to roll up, semi-solid-state batteries may become the general direction.
Vehicle and electricity separation into a trend
The most direct impact of high-energy density batteries and thousand-mile endurance on consumers is the increase in the cost of car purchase. For example, the price of the 1,008-kilometer-long GAC Aean LX PLUS has reached more than 450,000, and it has not yet been equipped with lidar.
The separation of vehicle and electricity, the "exchange of electricity" model with rent and purchase was also born. Weilai is the earliest layout of the C-end power exchange enterprises, and a few years ago, NINGDE times also released a power exchange brand, the layout of the power exchange track.
In the current situation, the B-side is more accepting of power exchange, such as operating vehicles, logistics vehicles and so on. According to the survey of lithium batteries, two-wheeled and three-wheel express delivery electric vehicles have a higher acceptance of power exchange.
In addition, Geely and Lifan Technology have established a joint venture company Chongqing Ruilan Automobile, which will enter the power exchange travel brand in the future.
When the thousand mile endurance continues to roll in, and the price of electric vehicles remains high, power replacement may become the first choice of consumers.
If power exchange begins to become popular, is it still necessary to have an endurance of thousands of kilometers? Feel free to share your thoughts in the comments section!