The five major events of life, eating, drinking, and sleeping.
Today we will talk about the matter of shen (zang).
Urine is generated and excreted by the kidneys, which can not only excrete water, metabolize toxins, but also regulate the balance of various electrolytes, and is an important excretory organ of the human body.
At the same time, the kidneys are also important endocrine organs of the human body, which can secrete hormones such as angiotensin and aldosterone to regulate blood pressure, secrete erythropoietin to help make blood, and secrete metabolites of vitamin D3 to regulate bone metabolism...
Therefore, once the kidneys are diseased, it will have a great impact on the body.
Then in our daily life, the most convenient thing is to pay attention to the changes in urine and seek medical treatment in time, so as to detect kidney disease as early as possible.
A look at "color"
/ Normal Urine /
There is not only water in the urine, but also a lot of protein metabolism waste and electrolyte metabolism waste, so normal urine is yellowish and transparent.
/ Brown Urine /
If the urine is like black tea, it may be that there are more red blood cells in the urine, which we call hematuria.
Urinary tract infections, tumors and other diseases can cause hematuria.
Of course, in some physiological situations, such as drinking less water, urine concentration, or eating more red heart dragon fruit, red beets, etc., will also cause urine redness and color deepening.
/ White Urine /
If the urine is grayish white, it may be that kidney stones cause some inorganic salts or stone components to be present in the urine.
If there is a white flocculent precipitate in the urine, like a cloud, it is often a urinary infection that causes a large number of white blood cells in the urine.
/ Colorless urine /
If the urine is as clear and transparent as water, it is likely to be caused by uremia, at this time the patient has developed kidney failure, can not be excreted through the urine metabolic waste in the body, colorless urine will appear.
Second look at the "bubble"
In general, the foam in the urine is a large foam, and the maintenance time is very short, usually after urinating, the work of lifting the pants, the foam will disappear.
/ Proteinuria /
If the foam is small and won't go away for a long time, it's likely to indicate proteinuria.
Proteinuria is mostly caused by glomerular disease, and a small amount of proteinuria may occur if there are problems with the structure of the tubules and renal interstitium.
/ Hyperglyceteuria /
When diabetic patients have poor blood sugar control, a large amount of sugar will be excreted through the urine, and the foam of high glycemic urine is generally larger and easier to break.
In addition, long-term poor blood glucose control can lead to chronic damage to the kidney structure, and can also lead to proteinuria, and small, not easily broken foam in the urine.
/ Infected Urine /
When there are urinary tract infections such as pyelonephritis and cystitis, foamy urine can also occur due to the presence of a large number of white blood cells in the urine.
However, the more obvious manifestations of such patients are usually symptoms such as urinary frequency, urgency, and pain in urination.
Three looks at "urine output"
Under normal circumstances, the amount of urine urinated in adults for 24 hours is 1000-2000ml;
Less than 400 ml/24h or less than 17ml/h, called oliguria;
Less than 100 ml / 24 hours or 12 hours complete anuria, called anuria;
More than 2500 ml / 24 hours, called polyuria.
/ Oliguria, anuria /
Prerenal insufficiency (abnormal renal function due to transient ischemia in the kidneys) and obstructive nephropathy (tumors or stones blocking both ureters) may result in low urine output.
In these two cases, in the early stage of the disease, when the kidney structure has not changed, the blood supply can be restored in time, or the obstruction can be lifted, and the urine output can return to normal.
If oliguria or anutia is caused by diseases such as glomerulonephritis, acute interstitial nephritis, and acute tubular necrosis, it may be caused by lesions in the renal structure.
/ High urine output /
The urine produced by the kidneys will reach the tubules after glomerular filtration, and through the reabsorption of the renal tubules, 99% of the original urine will be reabsorbed back into the body, and if the proportion of reabsorption of the renal tubules is reduced, there will be an increase in urine output.
There is also a case of psychotic polydipsia, such as anxiety patients may drink a lot of water, which will also cause increased urine output.
/ Nocturia /
Adults generally have 1 night up≤, and if the number of night ups > 1 time, and the amount of urine in nocturia is large, the total amount exceeds 750ml, which indicates a problem with kidney function.
Of course, we want to rule out a situation where drinking or eating a lot of water or eating before going to bed leads to increased nocturia.
Key Notes:
Whether it is to see the color, or to see the foam and urine volume, we can only preliminarily infer the relevant diseases, and if we want to diagnose the diagnosis, we need to carry out further examinations such as urine routine, kidney function, and kidney ultrasound under the guidance of a professional doctor.
Reference: Medical Microvision official website - Wu Hua Chief Physician "CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease)"
Medical Microvision official website - Daniel Zhang Chief Physician "Urological Symptoms - Abnormal Urine Color and Traits"
Medical Microvision Official Website - Zuo Li Chief Physician "Nephrology Symptoms - Proteinuria, Oliguria, Anuria, Polyuria"