The results of the seventh national census show that the population aged 60 and above in the mainland has exceeded 264 million, accounting for 18.7%, of which the proportion of the population aged 65 and over has reached 13.5%. According to statistics, the total number of disabled and semi-disabled elderly people in the country exceeds 40 million, how to make these elderly people better live in the old age? How can they be provided with rehabilitation care? How to prevent disability in the elderly? We invited Yu Xiuli, director of the Medical Office of qingbar Elderly Care Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Heavy Medical Care, to see what she said!
▲ Yu Xiuli explained the knowledge of popular science
Life-style rehabilitation allows the elderly to regain confidence in life
The so-called disabled elderly refers to the elderly who are completely or partially incapacitated. Such elderly people cannot complete daily life such as eating, dressing, washing, etc., or have swallowing dysfunction, speech impairment, cognitive dysfunction, movement disorders and other manifestations. According to the national health commission's "Notice on Carrying out the Assessment of Elderly Care Needs and Standardized Service Work" in the elderly capacity assessment standards, from the three dimensions of daily living activities, mental state and social participation ability, perception and communication ability combined with the situation of geriatric syndrome, the disabled elderly are divided into mild disability, moderate disability, severe disability, and extremely severe disability, and the biggest feature of this part of the elderly is the loss of life ability, the pressure of family care, and the need for professional or institutional care.
▲Lifestyle rehabilitation improves the ability of the elderly to walk independently
In the face of these elderly people who have lost their ability to live, how to take effective care? Yu Xiuli mentioned "life-style rehabilitation". According to reports, life-style rehabilitation is an elderly rehabilitation model that explores the main line of life scene training, which can achieve a high degree of integration between rehabilitation training and daily life, rebuild the life ability of the elderly, stimulate the willingness to actively participate, and help them regain their confidence in life.
"In addition to professional skills, there must also be humanistic care. The elderly, especially the sick elderly, have strong self-esteem, and the "old children" throw a tantrum that makes people wonder how to be good. Therefore, when caring for the disabled elderly, it is not only simple feeding, delivering water, cleaning up excrement, etc., but also to maintain the dignity of the elderly, encourage the adjustment of the lifestyle of the elderly, and provide correct service help, establish a friendly relationship of trust with the elderly, provide help and health guidance for the daily life of the elderly, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly. It is necessary to pay attention to the mental health and physical comfort of the elderly, increase social activities and participation, rebuild interpersonal relationships, and debug the current situation of loneliness, loneliness and boredom of the elderly. At the same time, adhering to the concept of whole-person care, building a harbor of love and belonging, providing whole-person care services, so that the incapacitated slower, slower, so that the elderly sit up, stand up, walk up, move, truly out of bed, live a dignified and comfortable old age. Yu Xiuli said.
With the help of "long-term care insurance", home care is realized
Allowing all the elderly to have a happy and happy old age, and realizing the old age, the old have dependence, the old have fun, and the old have peace is an important part of achieving a healthy China, especially in the form of the increasingly serious aging of the country, which needs to be implemented urgently. According to the data released by the National Health Commission, China's pension shows a "9073" pattern, that is, only 3% of the settled institutions are pensioned, 7% rely on the community for the elderly, and 90% are home-based pensions.
How to solve the professional problem of 90% of home care under the premise of reducing the economic burden of families? Deng Qing, vice president of Qingbar Elderly Care Center, said, "In order to solve the basic nursing security needs of severely disabled people and reduce their family burdens, from 2022, Chongqing will vigorously implement the long-term care insurance system (referred to as 'long-term care insurance'), professional nursing staff can come to the door to serve, and long-term care insurance will bear the cost of part of the service, which is a very good policy benefit for the elderly." It is reported that the long-term protection insurance has been tried on a trial basis in Dadukou, Banan, Matjiang and Shizhu, and has achieved rich experience and results.
What is "long-term care insurance"? According to reports, according to the different needs of the insured, long-term care insurance is divided into 3 types - home personal care, home care, and institutional centralized care. For the type of home personal care, the treatment standard is 40 yuan per day, and the treatment standard for home care and centralized care type is 50 yuan per day. The implementation of Chongqing long-term care insurance is the embodiment of the improvement of Chongqing's living standards, solves the basic living problems of chongqing's special groups, and reduces the living burden of ordinary people.
Maintain healthy living habits and build a "defense line" for disability prevention
"One person is incapacitated, the whole family is out of balance", the disabled elderly not only suffer themselves, but also bring heavy old-age pressure and economic burden to their children. As early as August 2019, the General Office of the National Health Commission issued the notice of "Core Information on the Prevention of Disability in the Elderly", which clearly proposed that active prevention of disability is of great significance to improving the quality of life of the elderly and reducing the burden of care for families and society.
▲The elderly who actively participate in the activities
How does it work? Yu Xiuli introduced: "The effective way to prevent disability is to let the elderly maintain healthy living habits, pay attention to physical exercise and nutrition, and control chronic diseases; attach importance to the social participation of the elderly, so that they can maintain a healthy social life state; after the elderly are sick, timely rehabilitation management is carried out to pull the elderly back from the brink of disability; pay attention to the role reconstruction of the elderly in the family and society, pay attention to the mental health of the elderly, identify bad emotions such as anxiety and depression and the early manifestations of dementia." ”
In her view, disability is the result of the decline of physical and mental strength of the elderly and the comprehensive effect of the external environment, and building a solid "defense line" for the prevention of disability will create a better environment for the elderly to live in their later years and enjoy the sunset. (Textu/Li Ling)