Tang Shiming quickly Chinese New Year's Eve six poems to appreciate: winter is over this evening, and the year is long tomorrow
Chinese New Year's Eve refers to the last night of the lunar year, of course, this night ends in the early hours of the morning.
Chinese New Year's Eve the word was first seen in the "Records of Customs and Soils" in the Zhou Dynasty of the Jin Dynasty, "The customs of Shu, the late years and the feeding questions, are called the feeding years." Wine and food are invited for other years. Until Chinese New Year's Eve, Dadan does not sleep, which is called keeping the age. “
It is said that the custom of Sichuan is to give greetings to each other at the end of each year, called giving each other a year, inviting each other to drink, called other years, and when it comes to Chinese New Year's Eve this night, do not sleep until the morning, called the shou nian.
Note that this is the Jin Dynasty era, Zhou wrote Sichuan customs, he himself is a Jiangsu person, all his life to do a lot of places of Taishou, Chinese New Year's Eve may be his Jiangsu area of the great Chinese New Year's Eve of the title, and Sichuan belongs to the isolated ancient primitive region, the people here, the New Year folk customs are simple, at the end of the year to give each other gifts and greetings and banquets, to Chinese New Year's Eve night, all night, such a carnival or other places also have, but Zhou Fu thinks that here is more different.
So why do I say that the word Chinese New Year's Eve may be a folk name in the Jiangsu area around the zhou? Because later, the word Chinese New Year's Eve appeared in ancient poetry, in the Northern Song Dynasty. After the Northern Song Dynasty, the night before the Lunar New Year was widely called Chinese New Year's Eve.
So before the Song Dynasty, what was the name of Chinese New Year's Eve?
The Book of Wei, written by the Qi people of the Southern and Northern Dynasties after the Jin Dynasty, "In December of the third year of Emperor Gaozong's peace, because of the ceremony of removing the Great Emperor, he showed his military strength. That is, the Northern Wei Dynasty of the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Chinese New Year's Eve that day was called "Nian Jie", and a grand ceremony was held to beat drums to drive away the plague of ghosts and gods.
The Sui and Tang dynasties used the term "year division" to represent the day before the Lunar New Year.
The Chinese New Year's Eve of the Tang Dynasty is not called Chinese New Year's Eve, the official historical texts are called "years and days", and poetry mostly uses years to divide, remove days, and remove nights to express this day.
Whether it is divided by the year, or by day and night, it represents the difference of this day. Because this is a day to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new, and is about to enter the New Year. At this time, the Tang Dynasty had popularized the custom of vigil, greeting the New Year with joy and sleeplessness.
"The years are poor and twilight, and the festival is dedicated to the new fang."
Winter is over and the year is long.
Ice pins out of the mirror water, plums scattered into the wind fragrance.
Celebrate the feast and wait for the dawn. Emperor Taizong's poem "Except for the Night"
This is a poem of the early Tang Dynasty, although the author has different theories, one is the poem of Li Shimin of Tang Taizong, and the other is the poem of Dong Sigong of the Tang Dynasty, but it can all be attributed to the atmospheric early Tang Dynasty.
The year came to an end, and the fragrance of a new spring was opened in the night.
Winter passes hastily on this evening, and after midnight is tomorrow, it is the New Year, it is the bright sunshine spring.
The ice dissipated on the surface of the mirror-like water, and the plum blossoms had the fragrance of the spring breeze.
We're here to party all night, pour wine and wait for the sun tomorrow morning.
This poem has the bright atmosphere of the early Tang Dynasty, with a bright and cheerful court atmosphere. Whether it is the works of Tang Taizong Li Shimin or Dong Sigong, a Zhongshu Sheren, they all have the atmosphere of praising this night to welcome the New Year.
"This year is the end of this night, next year and tomorrow."
The cold goes with the night, and the spring comes more and more.
The color of the air changed, and the face returned darkly.
The scenery is unconscious, and the plum has been in the back garden. Tang Dynasty · Shi Qing's Night (A Poem by Wang Zhen)
This is the early work of the Sheng Tang Kaiyuan. It is still a strong atmosphere of the new year.
It is standing at the height of old age.
This year's year, tonight is going to pass, next year, there will be tomorrow's time to urge.
The cold winter, as today passes, winter and spring alternate, and there is spring in the fifth with time.
Five more in yinzheng four, yinzheng four, equivalent to the current four o'clock in the morning between four and five o'clock, it is the dawn time.
The yin and yang qi of the different winter and spring quietly changes in the night sky, and the appearance of spring quietly returns to the human world.
Such a change, sneaking into the night with the wind, is difficult for ordinary people to detect, but if you go to see the plum blossoms in the backyard, it will be different.
Of course not.
Plum blossom this special plant, at this time is its full blooming period, every day there will be countless buds blooming new flowers, more different is that last night or winter plum, today has to be called spring plum.
Natural plum blossoms also seem to carry a special spring meaning that is different from yesterday.
At least people's psychology, spring plum is definitely more beautiful than winter plum, sunny and fragrant.
"Except for the night when the bottle is full, there are many fires in the cold garden."
Dancing clothes with arms, drunken sitting and singing.
Blissfully forgets oneself and meditates on self-conceit.
This year is only like that, and the coming years know how. "Don · Zhang said "Yuezhou Shou Nian"
Zhang said that he was a person who crossed the two dynasties, first the chancellor of the Wu Zetian era, and later a high-ranking official during the Tang Xuanzong period, who was restored to the throne, but for a time he was demoted to Yue prefecture to do the history of assassination. This is the different custom he saw in Yueyang, Hunan Province, except for the night watchman.
Hunan in the Tang Dynasty was still relatively closed and primitive, with many mountains and ethnic minorities here, and here wrote about the different bustle and folklore of the Great Chinese New Year's Eve.
The night is filled with fine wine, and a bonfire is lit in the huge courtyard, the oldest and most primitive firecracker, which uses the crisp sound of burning bamboo and fireworks to drive away the ghosts. This is an ancient remnant of the night-time exorcism of miasma in Hunan.
The woman in full costume danced around the campfire with her arms around her arm, and the people sitting in unison echoed the folk songs.
Seeing this, do you have a familiar feeling of the ethnic minority torch festival?
This happiness has reached its limit, everyone has forgotten their identity, and only rely on their hearts to respond to the song and atmosphere, which is a carnival of selflessness.
I saw the New Year here this year, and I don't know if I can still be an official here next year.
Zhang said that he was also a senior leader, but the night-time carnival here in Hunan still deeply shocked him. Primitive, high-pitched, cheerful, mysterious.
"Kingo entered the house at night, painting pants and four lines of zhuyi.
The courtyard burns the lights like daylight, and the sound of Shen Xiang's fire fighting sound. Zhongtang · Wang Jian's "One Hundred Palace Words, Eighty-Nine"
Wang Jian of the Middle Tang Dynasty, although he had a bumpy life and a difficult career, only became a Taifu Temple Servant at the age of 54 and turned secretary Lang, but it was also such a position that allowed him to understand the court that others did not know as a small official. At this time, his sideburns were white, and the vicissitudes of the past had precipitated into peace, like the best videographer, writing down in poetry the various customs of the court that he knew and saw.
In the Chinese New Year's Eve, the palace guards play the role of wizards and perform songs and dances to exorcise the plague gods.
They wore bizarre totem-painted trousers, topped with red tunics, divided into four teams for a ceremony.
Every courtyard in the court was lit with lights and candles, as bright as during the day, and in the middle of the court was a huge agarwood, and next to the campfire, everyone sang continuously, the climax was repeated, and the all-night revelry was over.
His poems show us the Chinese New Year's Eve nights of the Tang court, in which the ritual of exorcising the plague is the focus, and the agarwood burning in the courtyard is instead of the bamboo bonfire, which is more tall.
Because firecrackers as firecrackers were only popular after the Song Dynasty, they were previously used to burn bamboo or the crisp sound and smoke emitted by bonfires to help drive away the plague.
"Be diligent and cherish this night, this night is patrolling."
The candle is not over the year, the chicken chirps the old update.
The sound of the party to go to the disease, the wine color has ushered in the spring.
Tomorrow at the cupholder, who is the last person. "Zhongtang · Lu Tong,"Except for the Night".
Everyone does not sleep this night, cherish the last night of the year, this night also seems to be reluctant to go, has been wandering in the joy of the world.
Wait until the candles are burned out, and the old year is reluctantly bid farewell.
Hearing the sound of chickens chirping, although the chicken sound is old, it is the old chicken, but the sound is the sound of the New Year.
傩, which often appears in Tang poems, is a kind of ancient ritual held in the waxing moon to drive away ghosts, and is a primitive witch dance.
The sound, of course, is a special sound that is emitted in this ritual.
The grand ceremony had just been completed, it was already midnight, and in the second year, the wine in the cup had also become the spring wine.
Who else will drink this spring wine tomorrow?
The alternation of the old and new years in one night, the magic mysterious and lively, the sense of ceremony often makes people have a sense of the new and old of the time, and then turn into the torrent of the New Year, which is the night, which is the dazzling and mixed feelings of the ancient Chinese cross-Chinese New Year's Eve.
"The remnants of the wax are gone, and the east wind is still sitting."
One night is still a little, and two years old wants to divide equally.
When the fire is dark, the spring is blooming.
Ming dynasty Haruka sake,1000-year-old Shugo-kun. "Chu tang · Caomatsu,New Year's Eve 》
On this night, the last years of the year are about to pass, sitting still, the New Year and the spring breeze are already blowing.
A night is not long, but it spans two years, dividing the old and the new equally, how magical.
This poem is the most magical sentence I have seen describing Chinese New Year's Eve night.
It's a special night, old and new, winter and spring, once a year.
The bonfire in the courtyard has dimmed, but the wine glasses have not stopped, and spring has returned smoothly, and the plum blossoms are fragrant.
I intend to hold a glass of wine when the sun rises, and I want to congratulate the Taiping Dynasty and the present holy world!
In traditional China, loyalty to the monarch and patriotism are inextricably linked.
Datang is the peak period of ancient Chinese society, from these six poems of the early Tang Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty, we feel the tang Dynasty's night, that is, the Chinese New Year's Eve, the thick cheerful atmosphere and bright atmosphere.
In fact, this feeling is also felt by contemporary people. In an era of peace and stability, people's eve and New Year are full of expectations for the future and depictions of a better life. Pick up the pen in your hand and record your Chinese New Year's Eve and New Year in the prosperous world!
Hatsuyoshi Katsuyuki interprets the love and beauty in the poems for you. The image comes from the Internet.