Write about the | of life in a song song

□ Zhou Yong

What are the customs of the Song people during the New Year? There happens to be a poem to support it. This benevolent brother, named Sun Weixin, wrote in the "Water Dragon Yin Chinese New Year's Eve": "The little boy taught to write peach charms, and the Daoists returned the perennial routine. Before God, under the stove, he removed the purity and offered flowers to drink water. Pray a little, neither, for fame and profit. But the chanting writing, the score above, a little more refined, enough. Drinking is not drunk. Good times, every scene. Drive away firecrackers, soft beans, and stay up all night. Brothers from all over the world, Ah Que also, TongTian is one year old. May every household, harmony and obedience, happy ascension to the world. "The beauty of this song is that it embraces the process and customs of the Song people for the New Year. Roughly speaking: hanging peach charms, cleaning shrines, cooking stoves, worshiping ancestors, firecrackers driving away, eating night fruits, keeping the age and other aspects.

Figure according to CFP.

The custom of hanging peach charms has existed since ancient times. That is, two immortals are drawn on two wooden boards to ward off evil spirits, and then hung at the gate to suppress evil things, and every year when the Chinese New Year's Eve, each household must replace the door with a new "peach charm". But it is different to let the child come to urge, because it is the New Year, and the homework of "always changing the new peach for the old charm" can be taught to the child. Hanging peach branches on the door has the meaning of avoiding evil spirits and driving away ghosts. Later, it slowly became Tian Zhong Kui or Qin Qiong and Wei Chi Gong!

The custom of cleaning shrines and cooking stoves also exists today. The Song people are particularly exquisite. Wipe it over and over with a rag, pour the incense out of the ashes, and set the tablets well. If possible, the kneeling mat should be changed to facilitate the burning of incense and worship. In the temple, please ask the gods, and the ancestors of the family are worshipped. "The patriarchs are on top, bless the family with a smooth and prosperous future year." The candidates won the championship, and the harvest of farming is in sight! "The kitchen cabinet should be cleaned usually, and it should be carefully cleaned again after the New Year." In addition, pay homage to the king of the stove and light a pot lamp.

Firecrackers in the Song Dynasty should be called cannon battles. Previously, gunpowder was lit in bamboo tubes. By the economically developed Song Dynasty, people had already set gunpowder in thick paper and fired it. The New Year's cannon is a pleaser, in the earth-shattering sound of firecrackers, a year old, the new year is coming.

The cannon fire is also very festive, and at the same time exorcism and exorcism. Chinese New Year's Eve night in the Song Dynasty, the sound of firecrackers was endless all night. "Tokyo Dream Record" said: "It is night, the firecrackers in the forbidden mountain are called, and the sound is heard outside." The sound of firecrackers burning inside the deep walls of the high court was heard outside the palace. There are people in the streets outside the palace competing to set off firecrackers. According to reports, there are no less than 100 kinds of firecrackers in the Song Dynasty, including single, double and continuous sounds. Among them, the two-kick firecracker that only explodes when it flies into the sky contains the basic principles of modern rocket technology, which is amazing!

Exorcising the ghost is a ritual of exorcising the plague ghost, which originated from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, "driving the bird to beat and blow the flute, the thin ghost dyes the face and white teeth", and the people participating in the ceremony need to use exaggerated makeup and scary costumes to drive away the plague ghost. For example, the impermanent ghost, Meng Po, the mother night fork, and the Yama Wang ye are scary everywhere, similar to Halloween in the West.

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Ancestor worship is a must before dinner. The Song people also attach great importance to it. Put a few glasses of wine, pour the wine on the ground, put a bowl, set up a pair of chopsticks, and let the ancestors eat first.

The song dynasty people's Chinese New Year's Eve there are dishes on the menu that are worth mentioning. It's called Spring Plate. The spring plate was originally called "Wuxin Plate", the leeks, herbs (rape, turnips, etc.), coriander washed, torn open, not cut, in the plate to put out a beautiful shape, and then mixed with the pickled garlic and buckwheat head on the day of Lapa Ba, and finally inserted a stick of incense in the middle of this pile of vegetables, and stick a paper flower at the top of the incense. The symbolic meaning of the spring plate refers to the elimination of diseases and disasters, and the coming year is safe and smooth.

The scene of the Song people eating is hilarious. The "Tokyo Dream Record" written by Meng Yuanlao in the Song Dynasty records the scene of the people of Kaifeng Province eating Chinese New Year's Eve meal: "The lights in the living room are burning, the whole family sits around, the elderly take the head, men and women are divided around, and frequently raise a glass." "It seems that the Song people are very particular about etiquette and have a clear order.

The Song people love to drink a kind of wine called Tu Su wine. Its formula is rhubarb, bai shu, guizhi, pepper and other Chinese medicines soaked in wine. Drinking alcohol, always from the elderly drinking, the New Year drinking Tu Su wine is just the opposite, but from the youngest drink, this custom really completely turned over, the Song people are so "personality".

"Baishiji" is a kind of market placed on the table by the Song Dynasty people during the New Year: put persimmons, oranges and cypress branches on the same plate, first break the cypress branches, and then break the persimmons and oranges in turn, which is for "Cypress Persimmon Orange", which means "Pepsi Ji", and the New Year must be auspicious.

The Song people spent the night with fruits and pastries. Ordinary people have oranges, pears, apples, sugar cane, etc., and there are also various pastries to choose from.

Keeping the age is a must. Red envelopes can be sent and dumplings wrapped. Song Dynasty customs: On the night of the new day, children keep the age, and a brazier should be placed in the middle of the courtyard or at the entrance of the hall, and the charcoal in the basin should be burned from the time of eating Chinese New Year's Eve meal until dawn. As early as the Middle Ages, the Chinese New Year's Eve prevailed in the "garden burning", that is, burning a bunch of open fires in the open space in the courtyard, letting children throw bamboo poles into the fire, and under the scorching flames, the bamboo poles kept bursting and making a crackling sound. Everyone laughed and joked, said happy things, and ushered in the New Year together. Then there is "the sound of firecrackers in the one-year-old, the spring breeze sends warmth into tusu". The new year is coming as promised, open the door to welcome the arrival of the god of wealth!

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