Braiding: Dawn Whistle (fxsw2021)
Source: Memorabilia of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army Recommended: Wang Huangyi
Editor's Note
The military scientist Peng Xuefeng is world-famous, and he was one of the senior generals who died in our army during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. How did he, then the commander of the New Fourth Army Division, and his comrades-in-arms create this heroic brigade under the leadership of the Party? The "Memorabilia of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army" organized and compiled by the 21st Group Army is a true portrayal of the historical merits of Peng Xuefeng. The "Preface" and "Concluding Remarks" are reproduced later and shared with readers.
Timeline of the 4th Division of the New Fourth Army (January 1938 to November 1945)
preface
The "September 18" incident in 1931 opened the prelude to the Japanese imperialist invasion of China by force. In 1937, the "Seven. The "Incident" marked the beginning of the all-out war of aggression against China by Japanese imperialism. The country is in deep difficulty, the great enemy is at present, and the Chinese nation is at a critical juncture of life and death. The Communist Party of China in the "VII. On the second day of the incident, a telegram was sent out, calling on the people of the whole country to unite and build a strong Great Wall of the national united front against Japanese imperialist aggression. The great call of the Communist Party of China promoted the vigorous development of the people's anti-Japanese salvation movement throughout the country, forced Chiang Kai-shek to abandon the long-pursued policy of non-resistance to Japan and the reactionary policy of "outside the country must first be at home", and promoted the formation of the second Kuomintang-Communist cooperation.
According to the agreement reached between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, the main force of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, which went to the anti-Japanese front in North China, and the Red Army and guerrilla units in 13 regions of eight provinces in southern China (excluding the Qiongya Red Army guerrillas) were reorganized into the newly organized Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army, which was also reorganized in December 1937. The birth of the New Fourth Army enabled the Red Army guerrillas under the leadership of our Party to gain the legal status of participating in the War of Resistance Against Japan, completed the transformation of the strategic tasks from the domestic revolutionary war to the War of National Liberation against Japan, embodied the great mind of the Chinese Communists who put the interests of the state and the nation above all else, put aside their past grievances, and went to the country together for difficulties, and also showed the high degree of political consciousness and patriotic spirit of the red army guerrilla fighters.
Peng Xuefeng and Zhang Zhen led more than 300 people from the guerrilla detachment of the New Fourth Army to march from Zhugou on September 30, 1938, and advanced into eastern Henan.
After the Japanese invaders occupied Peiping and Tianjin in Succession in July, in order to realize their strategic policy of "three months of war with China" and "quick war and quick decision" to destroy China, that is, the troops attacked the provinces of North China in three ways along the main lines of communication between Pinghan, Jinpu, and Pingsui. Although the Kuomintang troops put up some resistance and some of them fought heroically, because the Kuomintang authorities carried out a one-sided line of resistance and a passive strategic policy, they caused a total collapse of the frontal battlefield, and in less than half a year, most of the territory of the six provinces in North China fell into the hands of the enemy. Under the japanese attack, the Kuomintang's long-running southeast defense zone of the mainland fell in Shanghai and Hangzhou in November, and Nanjing fell in December, and the entire Kuomintang defense line in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River was quickly destroyed. The Japanese-Kou invaded even more arrogantly, and immediately divided their troops to cross the river to the north, and in coordination with the Japanese Kou in the south of North China, they advanced north and south, in an attempt to open up the entire line of Jinpu and connect the north and south battlefields, and then invade the Central Plains, capture central China, and complete the occupation of our vast territory. At the end of 1937, the military situation was deteriorating day by day, and the Japanese attacked the spearhead and pointed at the hinterland of the Central Plains.
On September 1, 1939, the guerrilla detachment of the New Fourth Army held its first party congress, and the picture shows a group photo of the delegates to the congress
The Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army developed and grew on the basis of the combination of some armed forces formed by the Henan Provincial CPC Committee in Zhugou Town, Qishan County, Henan Province, and the anti-Japanese guerrilla units launched and formed by the border party organizations in the three provinces of Henan and Anhui province under the serious situation in which Japanese imperialism launched an all-out war of aggression against China, half of the motherland's rivers and mountains fell, and the spearhead of aggression was directed directly at the hinterland of central China. Subsequently, this unit met with the first unit of the Eighth Route Army and the armed forces formed by the party in the east of Jinpu Road to form the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army. It was a strong force that grew from small to large, from weak to strong, from a guerrilla unit to persist in the Central China War of Resistance and galloped behind the enemy lines of the three provinces of Henan, Anhui, and Jiangsu and Huaibei. In the eight-year War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, this unit destroyed a large number of enemies, pinned down a large number of Japanese troops, liberated the vast territory, saved the people behind the enemy lines, established the anti-Japanese democratic base areas in Yuwan, Anhui, and Huaibei, and made outstanding meritorious contributions to the cause of the liberation of the Chinese nation. The main founders and leaders of this unit are Peng Xuefeng, Huang Kecheng, Deng Zihui, Zhang Aiping, Wei Guoqing, Liu Ruilong, Zhang Zhen, Xiao Wangdong, and a number of Red Army cadres, as well as comrades Liu Zijiu and Wu Zhipu, leaders of the Party in Yuwansu and Huaibei regions, who have made great contributions to the creation and development of this unit.
In the winter of 1941, some leaders of the New Fourth Army took a group photo in Xinxingweizi, Si County, Huaibei Province. Chen Yi, Peng Xuefeng, Zhang Aiping, Zhang Zhenhuan and confidential personnel.
The Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army fought for a long time in the Yuwan-Anhui Soviet Border Region and the Huaibei Region, and was often faced with constant "sweeping" and attacking by the enemy, pseudo-puppets, and stubbornness. This newly formed unit waged a fierce and complex struggle to resolutely accomplish the glorious and arduous tasks entrusted to it by the Party. It has won both great victories and a tortuous road; it has accumulated rich experience in winning battles and struggles, as well as lessons from the setbacks it has suffered for a while. These experiences and lessons, bought with the lives and blood of martyrs, are an extremely valuable asset in the historical treasury of China's revolutionary war.
Peng Xuefeng, commander and political commissar of the guerrilla detachment of the New Fourth Army and the sixth detachment of the New Fourth Army, commander of the Fourth Column of the Eighth Route Army, and commander of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army
Huang Kecheng, political commissar of the Fourth Column of the Eighth Route Army
Deng Zihui, secretary of the Huaibei District Party Committee of the CPC and political commissar of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army
Liu Zijiu, secretary of the PARTY Committee of the Yuwan Su District and deputy secretary of the CPC Huaibei District Party Committee
Zhang Aiping, secretary of the CPC Yuwan Working Committee, secretary of the CPC Yuwan Su Provincial CPC Committee, commander and political commissar of the Fourth General Brigade of the Sixth Detachment of the New Fourth Army, brigade commander of the Ninth Brigade of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army, and commander of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army
Wu Zhipu, deputy commander of the guerrilla detachment of the New Fourth Army, secretary of the CPC Yuwan Soviet District Party Committee, and director of the Political Department of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army
Wei Guoqing, brigade commander of the Ninth Brigade of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army, political commissar of the Ninth Brigade, and deputy commander of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army
Zhang Zhen, chief of staff of the Guerrilla Detachment of the New Fourth Army, the Sixth Detachment of the New Fourth Army, the Fourth Column of the Eighth Route Army, and the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army
Xiao Wangdong, director of the guerrilla detachment of the New Fourth Army and the Political Department of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army
Liu Ruilong, deputy secretary of the party committee of China's Yuwan Soviet District and director of the Administrative Office of the Huaibei Anti-Japanese Democratic Base Area
Conclusion
Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army experienced eight years of heroic struggle, walked a glorious and tortuous road, and finally ushered in a great victory in the War of Resistance Against Japan together with the people of the whole country.
The predecessor of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army was an anti-Japanese guerrilla group formed by a group of veteran cadres of the Red Army headed by Comrade Peng Xuefeng dispatched by the Party Central Committee and in combination with the party organizations in the border areas of Henan and Anhui and the Soviet Union and northeast Anhui to mobilize the masses. It did not use the Long March Red Army or the formed units of the guerrilla units in our eight southern provinces as the backbone of the formation. The most fundamental reason why the Fourth Division was able to gradually develop from a newly formed guerrilla unit into one of the most powerful brigades persisting in the War of Resistance in Central China, smashing countless "liquidations" and "sweeps" between the Japanese and the Japanese and the Communists in the fierce and complicated struggle, repelling the frequent friction and attacks of the Kuomintang anti-communist faction, and fulfilling the glorious and arduous tasks entrusted by the party, is that from the day of its birth, under the absolute leadership of the Communist Party of China, it has faithfully implemented a complete set of principles, lines and policies formulated by the party. It resolutely implemented the strategic principle of the CPC Central Committee and the Central Plains Bureau (later the Central China Bureau) on "developing Central China and competing for the Central Plains."
In the course of the establishment and development of the Fourth Division, it has not only given full play to the advantages of the local armed forces and the people's children and soldiers; it has also unremittingly carried out ideological education, work style cultivation, and system building, overcome guerrilla habits, and vigorously improved the military and political quality of the troops; it has not only given full play to the role of the leading backbone of the veteran cadres and in passing on the help, but also attached importance to bringing up a large number of new cadres, especially vigorously absorbing and cultivating young intellectuals, supplementing the contingent of cadres with fresh blood, and ensuring that this unit will inherit and carry forward the glorious traditions of our army in the course of rapid development. It is also full of vigorous revolutionary initiative.
The border between Henan, Anhui, and the Soviet Union and the Huaibei region, looking west to Yu'e and Shaanxi, controlling the Jianghuai Plain in the east, and strangling the main arteries of transportation between Jinpu and Longhai, are the barriers for me to develop the western part of central China and the forward position for the Central Plains, and they are also the key points for the connection between our two major strategic regions of north China and central China. In the cradle of its birth, the Fourth Division faced confrontations and encirclements several times that of my recalcitrant army, and experienced the largest and longest-lasting anti-friction struggle in central China. It is in this extremely complex and arduous struggle that I have experienced severe tests and tempered myself to be stronger and more mature.
Whether in the struggle to open up the Yuwan-Anhui Soviet Border Region, or in the struggle to consolidate and develop the Huaibei base area, and later to carry out the strategic task of marching into the west of Jinpu Road to restore the Yuwan-Anhui Soviet Liberated Area, the Fourth Division was always under the unified leadership of the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, under the direct command of the New Fourth Army Headquarters of the Central China Bureau, and under the care of the North China Bureau, with the vigorous support and active cooperation of the brotherly troops, the Eighth Route Army and some units of the North China Liberated Area, and some of the main forces of the First Division, the Second Division, and the Third Division of the New Fourth Army were once assigned to the Fourth Division. And took on important combat missions. In particular, the broad masses of the people in the Yuwan-Anhui-Suzhou Border Region and the Huaibei Region have done their utmost to nurture their own sons and soldiers and made selfless contributions to supporting the revolutionary war. Glory belongs to the great party and to the great people!
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, in order to crush the Kuomintang's large-scale offensive, the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army successfully completed a new strategic transformation, and in addition to continuing to persist in the struggle on both sides of Jinpu in the Huaibei region, the main force of the division went north, turned to Shandong and northern Jiangsu, and annihilated a large number of Kuomintang troops. During the Liberation War, according to the order of the Central Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee, the departments of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army were unified and reorganized into the Chinese People's Liberation Army, which participated in the battle to liberate all of China. The Ninth Brigade and the Eleventh Brigade of the Former Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army were formed as the 21st Army with a part of the brother units; the main force of the former 12th Brigade of the 4th Division and the 3rd Sub-district of the Huaibei Military Region (later the 8th Subdistrict of the Central China Military Region) was incorporated into the 18th Army; the Huaibei Advance Detachment of the Central China Field Army, which was formed by the main force of the former 4th Division, was incorporated into the 34th Army, and then incorporated into the 28th Army; the cavalry regiment of the former 4th Division was reorganized into the armored corps of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, which was subordinate to the Jinan Military Region and the Beijing Military Region, respectively; and the former Special Service Regiment of the Fourth Division. It was incorporated into the Twenty-third Army; the former Fourth Branch of the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University of the Fourth Division (Xuefeng University), which was once incorporated into the East China Military and Political University and the Senior Infantry School of the Headquarters of the People's Liberation Army, and later became an integral part of the Senior Military Academy of the people's liberation army of the Chinese; the former Fourth Division and one of the units of the Seventh and Eighth Sub-districts of the Huaibei Military Region (later subordinate to the Central China Military Region) were incorporated into the Henan Provincial Military Region and the Anhui Provincial Military Region, respectively; the former Fourth Division and the leading organs and directly subordinate detachments of the Huaibei Military Region were incorporated into the leading organs of the Central China Military Region, the East China Field Army, and the Third Field Army, respectively. After the liberation of the whole country, it became one of the leading organs of the East China Military Region (later the Nanjing Military Region). In the great war of liberation, the vast number of cadres of the Fourth Division and the former units of the Fourth Division withstood the tempering and test of the flames of the new war, and in the new historical period, they made new meritorious contributions to the liberation and defense of the motherland.
The name of this heroic unit of the Fourth Division of the New Fourth Army and the glorious achievements it has made will be recorded in the annals of history and will stand tall for thousands of years.
In 1984, Yang Shangkun and other leading comrades took a group photo in front of the Peng Xuefeng Memorial Hall (from left in the front row: Teng Haiqing, Zhang Zhen, Yang Jianzong, Yang Shangkun, Xiao Wangdong, Zhao Wenpu; Tan Youlin, Liu Yuzhu, Wang Guangyu, Chi Haotian, Li Xuanhua in the second row from left).