Deng Xihou's report on the battle of Jianmen Pass

Report of Deng Xihou on the Battle of Jianmen Pass (1)

(April 1935)

The Red Army's capture of Jianmen Pass was the only battle in history to break through the natural danger of Jianmen from the front, which opened the way for the Red Fourth Front to move west to respond to the Central Red Army.

After Xu Xiangqian commanded the Red Fourth Front to break through the Jialing River, he marched straight to the Sword Pavilion with the main force.

On March 30, 1935, the enemy stationed in Jiange County heard that the Red Army was coming, and they abandoned their defenses and fled. Before escaping, the quartermaster office of the 28th Army of the Sichuan Enemy poured the rice barn with tung oil, set fire to the barn, and the fire spread, and the shop house on West Street fell into a sea of fire.

The Red Army rushed to the county seat, immediately extinguished the fire and rescued the fire, and fought for several hours to extinguish the fire. After the Red Army occupied the county seat, a red flag with a sickle and axe pattern was hung high in front of the Gate of the City God Temple.

　　The Red Army then guarded the Sword Pavilion with the Eighty-ninth Division, and the Eighty-eighth Division, in coordination with the Thirty-first Army, attacked The Sword Gate Pass. After the right wing red thirty-first army defeated Liu Hanxiong's troops, it advanced northeast through the town of Heling in Jiange, passing through Trojan Horse, Baitu, Gaoguan, and Jiming Mountain, and directly into the Sword Gate Pass.

Commander-in-Chief Deng Xihou made Jiange the key point of communication in the northern province, and the stakes were very high, and he specially ordered Chen (2) to command six regiments of Guangyuan troops, and the advance commander Diao (3) ordered three gendarmerie regiments to rush to The Jiange, and the five elite regiments under his command would attack the Red Fourth Front.

On March 31, 1935, Liu Hanxiong and Qin Dengdi (4), who were guarding the Sword Pavilion, were defeated by the Red Fourth Front, and the Sword Pavilion was also lost and whitewashed.

Xu Hong's Fourth Front personally led the Ninth Army, the Thirty Army, and the Fourth Army to advance towards Hanyangpu and Jianmen respectively.

At this time, Commander Diao used two battalions of the Gendarmerie Chen Lin (5) Regiment to suppress the large army Mushu, guarded the Shagu River, and contacted the Zhaohua friendly forces to maintain the communication between Zhao and Jian (6).

Self-discipline Two regiments of Yang Zhuoyun (7) and Wang Liang (8) and a battalion of Chen Regiment, with Wang Liang as the advance troop, rushed to the Sword Pavilion.

At the Dragon Boat Festival, Wang Tuanxing arrived at Hanyangpu and learned that the friendly troops of the Jiange Pavilion had been attacked by the Red Fourth Front, and there was a sign of not supporting themselves, that is, while occupying the position to cover the way of their own troops in and out of the Jianmen Pass, they reported the military situation of the Red Fourth Front to Commander Diao on the other.

At this time, Li (9)'s brigade was still on the Chejiaba to Jianmen Pass Road due to the change of face and the withdrawal of the collection and settlement. Shishen,

About 5,000 men of the Red Fourth Front attacked Hanyangpu and attacked the left wing of the Wang Tuan in a one-wing encirclement. After several hours of fierce fighting, our Wang regiment was surrounded several times, and the connection line was also in danger of being cut off, so we had no choice but to take advantage of the night to retreat to Weijiajiao and Tiansheng Bridge. Commander Diao

(1) This piece is quoted from the "Report on the Military Work of the Forty-fifth Army of the Army and the First Road of the Fourth Red Front of the Sichuan Red Fourth Front" O The current time is added by the editor according to the contents of the report, which is the time of the incident.

(2) Chen, referring to Chen Dingxun.

(3) Diao, refers to Diao Shijie.

(4) Qin Dengdi, also known as Qin Shike, was then the brigade commander of the 13th Brigade of the 5th Division of the 29th Army of the Kuomintang Army, the commander of the 3rd Road and the deputy commander of the 4th Region. Liu Hanxiong was then the commander of the 3rd Region.

(5) Chen Lin, then commander of the 2nd Gendarmerie Regiment of the 28th Army of the Kuomintang Army.

(6) Zhao and Jian refer to the two counties of Zhaohua (present-day Zhaohua District, Guangyuan City) and Jiange in Sichuan Province.

(7) Yang Zhuoyun was then the commander of the 9th Regiment of the 5th Brigade, 2nd Division, 28th Army of the Kuomintang Army.

(8) Wang Liang, then commander of the 3rd Regiment of the Gendarmerie of the 28th Army of the Kuomintang Army.

(9) Li, referring to Li Jingfang, was then the brigade commander of the 3rd Brigade of the 1st Division of the 28th Army of the Kuomintang Army.

Receiving the report of the Wang regiment, the Yang Zhuoyun regiment immediately occupied the position on the front line of Tianshengqiao, Wulipo, and Guanjiagou Highlands, and took the position of a battalion of Chen Lin's gendarmerie regiment at Zhigong Temple as a reserve.

Commander Chen received the report from Commander Diao and ordered Li Brigade to make a rapid advance towards the Lianghekou side. Yang Qiyun's position had not yet been strengthened, and the remnants of the Wang regiment had already withdrawn. The Red Fourth Front followed up and attacked with large troops, first engaging in fierce battles with firepower, followed by short engagements, and then engaging them in hand-to-hand combat, and the situation was extremely fierce.

The officers and men of our Yang Regiment did their best to hold on in order to win the final victory. During the fierce battle, the Red Fourth Front, on the side of the Revival Field, attacked the Jianmen Pass from the Shagou River through the Green Lion Temple. Commander Diao and the reserves fought to no avail, and Yang Tuan and Commander Diao were isolated first.

At the same time, most of the Red Fourth Front attacked Damushu, and the traffic between Zhaohua and Jiange was also cut off. The Wang Tuan of the right wing of the Yang Regiment was forced to retreat in the direction of the Great Hanging Rock.

The sword gate was the focus of the Red Fourth Front's attack, and at this time, Yang Tuan's retreat was in four blocks, and except for a few officers and men who broke through, almost all of them were destroyed in a pool of blood. When the Sword Gate was besieged, at the same time, the Damushu Chen Tuan was attacked by the Red Fourth Front, and with a large number of outnumbered, they marched north to Tianxiong Pass.

According to the report of the defeat, in order to save the war situation, Chen Commander Di ordered Li Brigade to occupy Xiucheng Dam and Shaxi Dam with Liu (1) Regiment; Chen Yu [Wen] (2) Regiment strangled Baitian Dam; Chen Jian [Min] (3) Regiment strangled BaoningYuan; and took in Diao Bu and waited for Liu (4) Brigade to arrive before attacking. The Four Fronts of the Red Army took advantage of the victory to attack us incessantly, and the regiments were in danger of being overwhelmed by the water, and the battle situation was suddenly difficult to recover, so they had no choice but to decide to hold the left bank of the White River. Immediately ordered Li Brigade to slowly retreat to Baishui Street, and Diao Bu to retreat to Sanlei Dam.

It was the commander of the Yang regiment, Qiu Yun, the commander of the Jiang battalion, Xiao Si, the commander of the Jiang battalion, and the commander of the Liao battalion of the Chen Regiment, all died in battle at the Jianmen position. Liu Tuan's commander Li was killed near Shaxi Dam, and Chen Tuan's commander He was killed while he was in tianxiongguan. In total, about 1,300 officers and men were killed or wounded.

　As soon as the commanding heights of the Sichuan army were lost, Yang Zhuoyun was in a "embattled" situation, and "officers and soldiers trampled on and fell off rocks and died a lot." Yang Zhuoyun escaped from the Jiang Gong Ancestral Hall, helplessly retreated to the camp Panzui, saw the Red Army pursuing the soldiers approaching, completely fell into a desperate situation, he jumped off the cliff and died, 6 soldiers also made his funeral offerings. The remnants of the enemy fled for their lives, and the Red Army completely occupied the position and successfully conquered the sword gate pass that was "difficult to fly with wings inserted." More than 500 enemy soldiers who had fled to guanwai were all annihilated by the Red Army's pursuing troops.

(1) Liu, referring to Liu Jinwen, was then the commander of the 4th Regiment of the 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, 28th Army of the Kuomintang Army.

(2) Chen Yuwen, then commander of the 5th Regiment of the 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, 28th Army of the Kuomintang Army.

(3) Chen Jianmin, then commander of the 4th Regiment of the Special Branch 2nd Brigade of the 28th Army of the Kuomintang Army.

(4) Liu, referring to Liu Naizhu, was then the brigade commander of the 8th Brigade of the 3rd Division of the 28th Army of the Kuomintang Army.