In the early days of the development of the Red Revolution, the contribution made by the masses of the people in the southern provinces to the development of the revolution was beyond doubt, and of course, the contributions of different regions were also very different because of their different environments. However, there is one place, in an extremely difficult environment, that can keep the red flag from falling for twenty-three years, and that is Hainan Island.
Hainan Island and the mainland are separated by the Qiongzhou Strait, transportation is inconvenient, not to mention materials, even the connection with the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee is also very unsmooth, and under the repeated destruction of the enemy army, "encirclement and suppression", but can persist for so many years, it has to be said that it is a miracle in the history of the revolution, and the leader who created this brilliant achievement is Feng Baiju. It is worth asking why this excellent revolutionary did not confer military ranks after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and then suddenly disappeared?
Devote yourself to the revolutionary cause
In 1903, Feng Baiju was born in an ordinary peasant family in Haikou, Hainan, although his father Feng Yunxi was a farmer, he had a hand as a stonemason, relying on this craft to use the idle time to earn money to support the family, his mother Wu was diligent and kind, and the family was well-run, although the family was not as rich as the landlord, but it was also considered to be middle and upper class among the neighbors.
Rich life for Feng Baiju to provide a good living, learning environment, under the teaching of his parents, Feng Baiju at a young age with excellent grades, open-minded, won the praise of teachers and students, and later he was admitted to the best school in Hainan with excellent results - Qiongzhou Middle School.
At that time, when the May Fourth Movement broke out, he and patriotic teachers and students took to the streets to propagate patriotic ideas to the masses, so that everyone could do their part with them to safeguard the interests of the country, in this movement, he underwent a baptism of revolutionary thought, broadened his horizons, and his outlook on life was also improved, which eventually prompted him to embark on the revolutionary road and join the Communist Party of China in 1926.
Just a few months after he joined the Party, a catastrophe came to our Party camp, and the Kuomintang, which had been treated sincerely by our Party, raised its butcher knife and extended it to its former comrades-in-arms.
Although many people were intimidated by the powerful hostile forces and escaped from the revolutionary ranks, those who remained were elite personnel, including Feng Baiju, who, under the leadership of the Qiongya Prefectural Committee, carried out armed struggle against the bloody massacre of the reactionaries.
Growing up in adversity
The revolutionary will is firm and the loyalty to the Party is credible, but the strength of the enemy also has to be admitted, because the disparity between the strength of the enemy and ourselves is too great, coupled with the mistake of the "Left" tilt, the revolutionary movement of the Qiongya Prefectural Committee has persisted very hard. Yang Shanji, Xu Chengzhang and several other early revolutionary leaders in Qiongya were martyred one after another.
Watching his leaders and comrades around him constantly fall, Feng Baiju was not afraid, but he did not want to sacrifice in vain. After he was appointed secretary of the Qiongshan County CPC Committee, he actively contacted local survivors to restore and develop party organizations at all levels as soon as possible, and also went adversity to secretly prepare for the establishment of a rural revolutionary regime.
Even in order to defend the revolutionary regime, he also prepared a short gun brigade, and in several battles the local militia did not take advantage of it at all, but lost soldiers. The arrogance of the enemy was dealt a blow, but the revolutionary situation in Qiongshan County took the opportunity to recover its vitality and developed better. In view of his outstanding performance, the organization arranged for Feng Baiju to take on the leadership of the Chengmai area, and this time, he still did not disappoint his superiors.
The two leadership experiences have already demonstrated the outstanding talent of Feng Baiju, who is an excellent party member cadre who grew up in the fire of the revolution.
Soon after, Feng Baiju was even more challenged to a greater revolutionary task. In 1929, the Qiongya Special Committee was once again destroyed by the secret agents, and although the secretary of the Special Committee, Wang Wenming, escaped, he fell seriously ill and was in a critical moment, so he handed over this burden to Feng Baiju and proposed that he lead the work of the special committee.
In just three years, Feng Baiju was rapidly promoted from a new party member to the secretary of the special committee and presided over the revolutionary work of one side. Although this is his own excellent leadership ability, it is also inseparable from Wang Wenming, the discerning and real person of Bole. A few days later, Wang Wenming died of illness at the age of 36.
Under the leadership of Feng Baiju, the revolutionary forces in Hainan expanded rapidly, and the contingent once grew to more than 3,000 people, especially the famous "Red Women's Army", and the special agent company of the Women's Army of the Third Regiment of the Independent Second Division was also established in Lehui County. On the isolated island hanging overseas, through his own efforts, he recovered from repeated destruction by the enemy and developed and grew, which was the credit of Wang Wenming and Feng Baiju.
In particular, during the leadership of Feng Baiju, his work achievements were affirmed by Zhou Enlai, and once Feng Baiju went to Shanghai to report on his work, and Zhou Gong said to him: "Your Qiongya Party Committee has seized the Red Army, the rural revolutionary base areas, and the Soviet power.
Held up the Hainan red flag for more than 20 years
After this, Chiang Kai-shek, who had a stable position, began to raise heavy troops to launch "encirclement and suppression" in various Soviet areas, and the rapidly developing Qiongya Red Army also became the focus of "encirclement and suppression." The Red Army had a huge difference in strength compared with Chen Hanguang's department that "attacked and suppressed."After the failure of the two anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaigns, Feng Baiju could only take the rest into the mountains to hide.
Lack of clothing and food, shortage of materials is the biggest difficulty they face at this time, Feng Baiju has twice sent people down the mountain to find supplies, check the enemy situation, but the personnel who can go out are all stoned in the sea, and there is no news. The third time he arranged for his younger brother Feng Yushen to personally lead the team, and finally his brother was also sacrificed on the way back, and in the end, Feng Baiju was only left with 20 soldiers, 3 cadres and two female cooks. Fortunately, by chance, Feng Baiju found a sweet potato field covered by barren grass, and relied on 26 people to temporarily survive the predicament.
After breaking through the enemy's encirclement, these twenty or so people became the only remaining revolutionary flame in Hainan, and Feng Baiju asked them to go to various parts of Hainan to lead the revolutionary movement, and with their persistence and unremitting efforts, before the outbreak of the War of Resistance, the party organizations had been restored in thirteen counties, and a Red Army guerrilla group including seven detachments had been established, and the revolutionary red banner stood firm on Hainan Island.
Soon, Feng Baiju reorganized the troops into the "14th Independent Brigade of the Guangdong People's Anti-Japanese Self-Defense Regiment" in Yunlong Township, Qingshan, and he served as the captain, and in 1939 he led his army to attack the Japanese army at the nandu River Tankou ferry, firing the first shot of the Qiongya anti-Japanese armed anti-Japanese Kou.
In 1944, the team was changed to the Qiongya Anti-Japanese Independent Column, and the commander and political commissar of the column were both Feng Baiju. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Feng Baiju was ordered to lead his army into the Wuzhishan area to create a revolutionary base area, and starting in the autumn of 1948, he successively launched offensives in autumn, spring, and summer, achieving a brilliant record of annihilating more than 3,000 enemy personnel, and in 1950 he organized the Qiongya party, government, army, and people to fully assist the landing operations of the Siye Sea Crossing Corps and successfully liberated Hainan Island.
It is conceivable that without the persistence of Feng Baiju and the Qiongya revolutionary team for more than twenty years, without their cooperation, with the superiority of the Nationalist army in sea and air strength at that time, if our army wants to liberate Hainan Island, it will certainly not be so smooth, and even if it succeeds, it will suffer greater losses.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, with Feng Baiju's revolutionary merits and qualifications within the party, it is not too much to award the title, because he served as the secretary of the Hainan District Party Committee and the vice governor of Guangdong Province, he had left the army system, so he did not participate in the awarding of titles.
However, this old revolutionary hero did not develop smoothly after the founding of the People's Republic of China, because of his special influence in the Hainan region, so that some people who were transferred to Hainan to work had too many concerns about him, and even had bad misunderstandings, and finally Feng Baiju was involved in Hainan's "localism", and many years later he was delegated because of this problem. In the 1960s, he applied to be transferred out of Guangdong and became the vice governor of Zhejiang, nominally in charge of culture and education for a living, but in fact only in charge of a blood defense office.
In the special era, he was suppressed and caused his physical condition to decline, and finally fell seriously ill, and died on July 19, 1973. It was not until 10 years later that the old hero's problem was rehabilitated and his reputation restored.