The Song Dynasty Ruan Yue compiled the "Poetry Of the Turtle", collecting poems, novels, notes and poems, compiling them in different categories, gathering and enriching, and preserving a large number of documents that are only seen by today's people, which is the source of early poetry. Guo Shaoyu edited the "Song Poetry Collection", which was widely collected in this book.
However, the compilation of this book is very complicated. The earliest is the Southern Song Dynasty Hu Zai in the "Yuxi Fishing Hidden Cong" repeatedly mentioned this book. Hu Zai quoted Nguyễn Đại Đồng Đại By the end of the autumn, more than 1,400 things were obtained, a total of more than 2,400 poems, divided into forty-six disciplines. Hu Zai also said that the book was originally titled "Poetry Total", ten volumes, and did not contain the poems of the princes since yuanyou. Shortly before the eighteenth year of Shaoxing (1148), when Hu Zai compiled the "Poetry Collection of The Poetry Collection", that is, more than 20 years after Ruan Yue's "Poetry Total" was written, Minzhong "also published "Poetry Total Turtle", which is the "Poetry Total" compiled by Ruan Yue. According to Mr. Guo Shaoyu's research, there have been several additions since then, but none of them have existed. During the Ming Jiajing period, the Daoists of the Moon Window of the Imperial Household re-published the ninety-eight volumes of the forty-eight volumes of the first collection and the fifty volumes of the later collection of the "Poetry Of the Turtle"; at the same time, there were also hundreds of volumes of manuscripts of the first and fifty volumes of the first and last collections. The "Poetry General Turtle" (People's Literature Publishing House, 1987) is based on the ninety-eight volumes and the hundred volumes.
However, to what extent did the ninety-eight volumes of the Ming Dynasty and the hundred-volume copy of the "Poetry Total Turtle" preserve the old Song Ben and to what extent were they supplemented? In the past, because no one had seen earlier versions, these questions could not be explored. Mr. Luo Genze had speculated that the first collection of the hundred-volume edition was the old engraving of the Minzhong engraving seen by Hu Zai, and the latter collection was compiled by the Ming Dynasty's MoonLight Daoist. However, according to Mr. Zhang Jian's research, the fragments of the Later Collection have been preserved in the Yongle Canon, indicating that Mr. Luo Genze's statement is wrong, and also indicating that the Later Collection existed before the beginning of the Ming Dynasty (Zhang Jian, "From the Newly Discovered Editions and Supplementary Problems", Journal of Peking University, No. 3, 2006). However, no one has found a version and text of the Poetry General Turtle that predates the Yongle Canon, so the compilation of this book in the Song Dynasty is unknown.
In the summer of 2011, the author was funded by the Fudan "Guanghua" Humanities Fund, went to Taiwan's "Academia Sinica" Wenzhe Institute to visit, and found the earliest surviving Song banknote "Poetry Total Turtle" at the "National Library" in Taiwan, although Ruan read the original ten volumes of "Poetry Total Turtle" and did not see the sky, but this Song banknote book is enough to let people understand the early true form of "Poetry Total Turtle".
The earliest to record this Song banknote was Fang Hui at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty. He said in the Tongjiang Collection, Volume VII, "Examination of the Tales of The Fishery Hidden Cong":
Hong Xiu (according to Ruan Yuezi) "Poetry Total" old version, Yu Qiuzhi can not get, now the so-called "Poetry Total Turtle", delete and revise the old preface of Hong Xiu, in conjunction with the "Ancient and Modern Poetry" and "Poetry Total", added to the sayings of the various families, named "Total Turtle", marked "Yidu Chu Dou Nan Ren Jie Collection", the first, later, and sequel of seventy volumes, Masha Bookstore pinched the book also.
Fang Hui also said in the same volume of the same book, "The General Turtle Order of Poetry":
Seventy volumes before, after and after the "Total Turtle of Poetry" are changed to the old preface of Nguyen Hong Hu. Hong Xiu's "Poetry Total" is not available, and the full text of Hong Xiu's old preface is available in the thirty-sixth volume of the Yu Yin Cong's Later Collection. ...... According to today's "Total Turtle", it is not the Fujian "Total Turtle" seen by Hu Yuanren. The preface seen in the present Yu is seen in the Hong Xiu language and the text is very poor, and the end of the preface is "Years in Tu Wei Chi Fenruo", that is, when it is Shao Ding's second year of his ugly book Fang Benye. The bibliography cites "Nanxuan" and "Donglai Collection", and it is known that it is ugly for five years. The so-called prologue Huayang Yi old man, the pseudonym of the bookstore; the so-called jilu Yidu Chu Dou Nan Renjie, whose name is not Fang. In the middle, it is not appropriate to take it, and it can be prepared for the book to talk about the handle, and the beginner poet may not be able to take this as the standard.
Fang Hui's "Yidu Chu Dou Nan Ren Jie Collection" is the book, which has not been seen later. Mr. Guo Shaoyu said in the "Examination of Song Poetry": "Since Fang Shi had this commentary, these seventy volumes have not been circulated, nor have they been recorded by bibliophiles, but the "Poetry Of the Total Turtle" has become the stereotype of the Ming engraving, then Chu Shidang is also meritorious. (p. 28), Mr. Zhang Jian also believes that the Ming Dynasty 'Poetry General Turtle' and Chu Dounan's collection are "inherited", and that Chu Dounan should have been a collection of front and back, but he did not see this book.
The "Total Turtle of Poetry" in the "National Library" of Taiwan is a banknote, sixty volumes, divided into the first collection, the back collection, and the sequel, each in twenty volumes, and the first volume of the first volume of the first collection is signed:
Poetry Words Total Turtle Volume One of the former collection Yidu Chu Dou Nan Ren Jie Compilation Collection
The font is in neat italics, with 22 words per line, with the first line at the top and the back one block lower. "Taizu", "Renzong", "Taizong", "Zhenzong", "Jingyou", "Shang", and "Yu" are all empty in front of each other. At the beginning of the volume, there is the "General Turtle Catalogue of Poetry", which lists 265 kinds of titles, including the "Donglai Wenshu" and the "Nanxuan Anthology", that is, the "Nanxuan" and "Donglai Collection" mentioned by Fang Hui. Compared with Fang Huizhi's writings, there are two differences, 1. Fang Hui said that the "Poetry Of the Total Turtle" before the follow-up (publication) seventy volumes, this book is divided into the first collection of twenty volumes, the second collection of twenty volumes, the sequel of twenty volumes, all sixty volumes, and has included all the categories of the later Ming engravings, there is no sign of Escape, the doubtful Fang Hui's so-called "seventy volumes" is a mistake of "sixty volumes". In the Qing Dynasty, Qian Zeng's Compilation of The Catalogue of The Books of King Qianzun of Yushan once wrote a sixty-volume volume of the first ten volumes and the last fifty volumes. 2, Fang Hui said huayang yi old order, this banknote is not. In addition to these two events, the other records are all the same, when they are the manuscripts of the Shaoding Second Year Book Fangfang written by Fang Hui. Chu Dounan, whose person has no examination, Fang Hui said "his name is not Fang". Zha Shandong Tongzhi volume 38 "Classics" bibliography: "Zen Renjie's "Poetry Total Turtle" twenty volumes, Qingzhou people. This is the only bibliography of this book. Does the so-called twenty volumes refer to one of the first, second, and sequels, or is it a mistake of sixty volumes? Nor can I find out.
This Chu Dounan compilation of "Poetry Total Turtle" Song Banknote Is the earliest known version of "Poetry Total Turtle". Although none of the previous books have survived, it is impossible to know how this banknote was compiled on the basis of Ruan Yue's original, but judging from Fang Hui's account of "combining the ancient and modern poems" and the "Poetry Total", adding the theory of the various families, called "The General Turtle", this Chu Dou Nan Compilation not only contains Ruan Yue's "Poetry Total", but also incorporates the "Ancient and Modern Poetry", and also adds the sayings of the various families. It can be seen that Chu Dounan has done a lot of "compilation" work, and it is no longer the old version of Ruan Yue.
The discovery of this Song banknote may not be enough for us to accurately understand the original appearance of the ten volumes of Ruan's "Poetry Zong", but by comparing it with the 98 volumes and 100 volumes of the passage, we can know how the popular version since the Ming Dynasty has changed the appearance of the Song ben. Because as Mr. Guo Shaoyu and Mr. Zhang Jian said, the Chu clan contributed to the stereotyping of the Ming engraving, and the Ming Ben and the Chu Dou Nan Ben had an inheritance relationship.
First look at the category. The previous collections of Chu Dounan are divided into "Sacred System", "Gengge", "Imperial Banquet", "Rongyu", "Zhiyu", "Zhongyi (Shangxia)", "Filial Piety", "Friendship", "Clan", "Benevolence", "Reward", "Zhiqi", "Shuzhi", "Qiuyi", "Youmin (Shangxia)", "Satire (Shangxia)", "Shijin", "Dedication", "Self-Recommendation", "Recommendation", "Dali", "Knowledge (Shangxia)", "Bold", "Retreat", "Leaving Questions (Shangxia)", "Bitter Chanting", "Aphorisms ( There are 36 doors: "Upper and Lower"),"""*' , "Singing", "Singing Harmony", "Witty (Up and Down)", "Proverbs", "Ridicule (Upper, Middle, Lower)", "Complaint" (Up and Down), "Poetry" (Up and Down) 20 doors; the sequels are divided into "Yashi (Shangxia)", "Discernment", "Zhengyi (Shangxia)", "Poetry Disease", "Shi Tired", "Imitation", "Physique", "Commentary (Upper, Middle, Lower)", "Pinzao (Shangxia)", "Gift (Upper, Middle, Lower)", "Farewell", "Mourning (Shangxia)", "Lefu", "Documentary (Upper and Lower)", "Yongwu ( 1 to 4)", "Wing Cha (upper and lower)", "Diet", "Utensils", "Festivals", "Skills", "Picking Up" 21 doors.
Compared with the Ming banknote inscriptions, these 77 doors of Chu Ben are the same except for the "Imperial System" door that separates the "Imperial System" door from the "Sacred System" door, the "Dao Monk" door from the "Shi" Door, the "Bold" Door Ming Ben to the "Wild" Door, and the "Physique" Door to the "Grace" Door. This shows that the fifty volumes of the ming book "Poetry Total Turtle" were by no means compiled by the Ming Dynasty, and the Southern Song Dynasty Chu Dounan already had the category of the ming book "Poetry Total Turtle" after the collection. Mr. Zhang Jian once pointed out that the Yongle Canon is less than the seven gates such as "Lefu", believing that "these seven gates have been added by people since then", but these seven gates already exist in the Chu Dou Nan Ben, which is obviously not added by the Ming dynasty, but the result of the deletion or fragmentation of the "Yongle Canon" according to the text.
Second, look at the specific articles. The ninety-eight volumes of the Moon Window Magazine have deleted many entries, and Mr. Zhou Benchun's proofreading book has added a large number of entries according to the Ming Banknote Book, and most of these entries are also found in the Chu Dou Nan Ben, which can confirm that the Moon Window Magazine did make a lot of deletions when it was engraved. Chu Dou Nan Ben and Ming Banknote Ben, some of the categories of entries are exactly the same; for example, the Chu Ben "Youmin" door 22 articles, in the Ming banknote book, divided into the first set of "Youmin" door 18, the back set of "Youmin" door 4. There are 18 "extravagant" doors in the Chu ben, which are divided into 13 "wild" in the first set and 5 "wild" in the later set. There are 5 "Tian Retreat" articles in the Chu Ben, which is the same as the 5 articles in the later collection of the Ming Banknote Book. In addition, the entries in the categories of "sentence", "word", "rhyme", "use of things", "book affairs" and other categories are the same. This not only shows the inheritance relationship between the Song Ben and the Ming Ben, but also verifies that most of the content of the later episodes of the Ming Ben already exists in the Song Ben.
Finally, look at the additions to the content. Chu Dounan's collection of "Poetry Total Turtle" has 2132 articles, except for 55 escapes from the Zhou Ben Chun School Point Book, the other more than 2,000 are the main contents of the collection before and after the passage. The fragments of the Yongle Canon, the Moon Window Engraving And the Ming Banknote Are all supplemented differently on the basis of the Chu Dou Nan Ben.
In the past, the collation of the passage moon window book, because the finisher first existed and then set it into "miscellaneous" and "kneaded", did not seriously complete the compilation of the later collection. Chu Ben's discovery proves that the main content of the "previous set" and "back set" already existed in the Song Dynasty, and the value is equally important. Therefore, I feel the need to re-organize the "Poetry Turtle". It is possible to use the Chu Dou Nan Compilation Collection as the base, and the Yongle Classic, the Moon Window Book, and the Ming and Qing Banknotes (the "Ming Banknotes" of the Palace Museum in Taiwan, which have not been adopted in the past). Because the ten volumes of Ruan Yue's "Poetry Total" originally did not exist, Chu Dounan compiled the "Poetry Total Turtle" on the basis of Ruan Yue's original, which became the basis for the popular version of later generations, so the correct signature of "Poetry Total Turtle" should be "Ruan Yue Original Collection, Chu Dou Nan Compilation Collection", which is realistic.