Cover news reporter Yan Lei intern Luo Qiyu
On January 18, local time, the Indonesian Parliament passed a bill to move the capital from Jakarta to East Kalimantan Province, and named it "Nusantara", which means "archipelago". Indonesian House speaker Puan Maharani said on the 18th that the parliament has approved the bill to move the national capital from Jakarta to Kalimantan Island.
Why "Escape Jakarta"?
The ground sinks and there is overpopulation
The sinking of the ground is the "Achilles heel" of a coastal city, which is one of the most fundamental and inescapable factors in Indonesia's capital relocation.
It is reported that Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, is located in a swampy area by the sea, which is particularly prone to flooding, and is one of the fastest sinking cities on the earth. Due to the over-exploitation of groundwater, this former capital is sinking at an alarming rate.
In addition to the "hard wounds", Jakarta also has many urban "stubborn diseases". Jakarta is also one of the most overpopulated urban areas in the world. The greater Jakarta region is home to about 30 million people, traffic jams, pollution to unhealthy levels, little progress in efforts to alleviate congestion in the city, and tens of thousands of cars clogged on roads every year.
With the relatively extensive urbanization, the level of environmental pollution in Jakarta and even the entire island of Java continues to rise. Only 4% of Jakarta's wastewater is treated, the 13 rivers that flow through Jakarta are piled with garbage, and the groundwater that supplies the city is contaminated.
Indonesia's Minister of National Development planning, Suhaso Monarfa, said, "The relocation is based on factors such as geographical location, which will allow a new economic center of gravity to be born in the middle of the archipelago." ”
Why Nusantara?
Resource environment, strategic considerations
The new capital "Nusantara" is about 2,000 km northeast of Jakarta. The Indonesian president announced the relocation of the capital in 2019, but due to the impact of the epidemic, it is expected to start relocating as soon as 2024. According to CNN, previous estimates suggested that the ambitious project could cost about $33 billion.
The Indonesian government stressed that it had given serious consideration to the importance of the environmental impact of new developments. According to Indonesia's National Planning and Development Agency, almost all of the land in the new capital is converted from forest areas, while the total land area of the new capital will be about 256143 hectares (about 2561 square kilometers).
In addition to the state of resources and the environment, indonesia has another strategic consideration - to achieve a balance between Indonesia's economy and politics. Previously, Jokowi had revealed to the media the reason why he chose Kalimantan, mainly because Kalimantan is located in central Indonesia and can take into account the development of the east and west.
Long before the official announcement of the relocation plan, the Indonesian government has carried out a three-year in-depth research, and The Indonesian high-level has also traveled to Brazil, Myanmar, Kazakhstan and other countries to discuss the experience of moving the capital.
Kalimantan is the third largest island in the world and is relatively underdeveloped compared to Java, which is highly concentrated in population and wealth. The reason for the final site selection in East Kalimantan Province: First, the safety of this place is high, and there are few natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, volcanic eruptions; secondly, the large areas of vast woodland in the site are owned by the government, and the development process does not involve too many thorny problems such as land acquisition and demolition.
In addition, Xindu is close to the two largest cities in East Kalimantan, the port city of Balikpapan and the capital city of Samalindah, which can provide excellent logistics support and infrastructure support for the new capital.
In Indonesian President Joko Widodo's vision, the new capital will have both modern urban qualities such as "green city" and "smart city".
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