Zhuozhou in Hebei is not a famous place now, but it was called "the first state under heaven" by the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty.
Today's Zhuozhou belongs to the county level, managed by Baoding, in ancient times was called Fanyang, Zhuo County, although it looks unremarkable, but it is located in central Hebei, after the Ming and Qing Dynasties set the capital of Beijing, Zhuozhou located in the southwest of Beijing is important.
Because Zhuozhou is located in the triangle between Beijing-Tianjin and Baoding, its main urban area is more than 50 kilometers to Chang'an Avenue, and it is less than 80 kilometers to Baoding, the famous city of the Qing Dynasty in Hebei, so it is called "the southern gateway of Gyeonggi".
In ancient times, there was a very famous event called the "Battle of Zhuolu", that is, the great battle of the Yanhuang Emperor's joint attack on Xuan you.
"History": The Yellow Emperor chased the meat porridge in the north, and it was in line with Busan, and Yi yu Zhuolu'a.
However, the story of the ancient period, the authenticity of the occurrence and the specific location, have never been very clear, but later people usually think that the place where the Battle of Zhuolu took place is here in Zhuozhou.
Most of the literati and inkers of the past generations have also been described in this way, from the pre-Qin period, Zhuozhou was the gateway to the Yan state at that time, and it was depicted in the map of the Duke of Qin presented by Prince Dan of Yan to the King of Qin.
In fact, Zhuozhou is located on the alluvial fan plain in the east of Taihang Mountain, where the land is fertile and water-rich, and there are relatively rich mineral resources and geothermal conditions, which is a rare feng shui treasure.
In the pre-Qin period, the climate of the Yan state was bitter and cold, and Zhuozhou became a very important grain producing area at that time, and it was also the lifeblood of the Yan country.
That is, from that time on, the richness of Zhuozhou was widely known, and after the Qin state swept the world to establish the Qin Dynasty, Zhuozhou became the jurisdiction of Guangyang County at that time, and a county was set up.
During the Han Dynasty, Zhuozhou was set up as a county and later incorporated into the jurisdiction of Youzhou, and this place produced a very famous figure, that is, Liu Bei, the Shu Han Emperor of the Three Kingdoms, whose ancestor Zhongshan Jingwang was the son of the Han Jing Emperor, and he was born in Zhuozhou.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuozhou became the place of Cao Wei, and the place was renamed Fanyang, after which it became another name for Zhuozhou.
During the Sui Dynasty, Fanyang was renamed Zhuo County, and with the excavation of the Grand Canal, the status of Zhuo County became more prominent, because the northernmost end of the Grand Canal of the Sui Dynasty was in Zhuo County, until the Tang Dynasty, Zhuo County was changed to Youzhou, and the original Zhuo County was changed to Fanyang County.
During the tang xuanzong period, another major event occurred here, in the fourteenth year of Tianbao, the three towns of jiedu caused An Lushan to rebel, and the anshi rebellion also occurred, and at that time, An Lushan served as one of the three towns of jiedushi, that is, Fan Yang.
During the Five Dynasties period, the Later Jin Emperor Shi Jingyao gave the Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun to the Khitans, including Zhuozhou, and from then on, the Central Plains Dynasty was difficult to deal with northern cavalry for hundreds of years, becoming an extremely fatal problem.
In the Later Zhou Dynasty, Emperor Shizong Chai Rong attacked liao on a large scale, and seeing that he was about to succeed, he did not expect that Chai Rong was suddenly seriously ill and could only return to the dynasty, and died soon after, which became a huge regret.
What happened next was the famous Chen Qiao Mutiny and Zhao Kuangyin's yellow robe.
Zhao Kuangyin was born in Luoyang, but his ancestor was the Zhao clan of Zhuo County, and his great-grandfather was still zhuozhou, and in the early days of the Song Dynasty, he also wanted to recover the northern Yanyun Sixteen Prefectures, after all, it was also the ancestral place, but it did not succeed.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhuozhou became one of the key points of long-term contention between the Liao and Song Dynasties, and during this period Zhuozhou became a more important place of contention for soldiers, which also laid the foundation for the important position of Zhuozhou in later generations.
During the Yuan Dynasty, zhuozhou's status declined, and by the northern expedition in the early Ming Dynasty, Zhuozhou became important again, and after the northern pacification, Zhuozhou became the jurisdiction of the Yan king Beiping Province, and the Qing Dynasty belonged to the West Road Hall of Shuntianfu.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Beijing was the location of the Beijing Division, and Zhuozhou was the southern gate, and its importance could be imagined.
Ming Chengzu Zhu Di set up Zhuoluyi here as an important military stronghold to protect Beijing, and the Qing Dynasty also set up Zhuolu camp here.
In the sixteenth year of the Qianlong Dynasty, the Qianlong Emperor made his first southern tour and built a palace in this place, and later Qing Emperors would stay in this place every time they went on a tour, and the Qianlong Emperor was also very fond of Zhuozhou.
The Qianlong Emperor had two major preferences in his life, one was to stamp celebrity calligraphy and painting, and the other was to compose poetry, he wrote at least 40,000 poems in his lifetime, of course, very few have been handed down.
When he arrived in Zhuozhou, the Qianlong Emperor was of course also a poet and wrote "the first state of ancient and difficult times" in Zhuozhou.
Receiving such a commendation from the Qianlong Emperor, the local people were naturally very proud, and directly hung the plaque of "the first state under the heavens" on the gate tower of the city wall of the ancient Zhuozhou City, which is still preserved to this day.
Even in the late Qing Dynasty, Beiyang, and the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Zhuozhou was still an important military target in North China.
Zhuozhou's status as the first state in the world comes from the geographical location of this place, which is not only the intersection of farming in the Central Plains and nomadic herding in the north, but also the barrier of the North China Plain, and also the southern gate of Beijing, so it has the reputation of the first state in the world.