What serious impact did the defeat of the Song army at the Battle of Dingchuanzhai have?

The "Battle of Dingchuanzhai" in history is the most vague and chaotic battle recorded in the Song and Xia Wars, and there are many loopholes in various historical materials, and it is impossible to justify itself, and today people's events about this battle are mostly from the "Song Shi Wang Yan Biography", in which the responsibility for the defeat of the war is pushed to Ge Huaimin's head, saying that he did not listen to Wang Yan's orders, did not set up a village in Watting Village or Dibei City, but rashly ventured north, and finally led to failure. So what about the impact of the Battle of Dingchuanzhai?

First of all, due to the defeat of this war, the "Celebration Calendar Peace Agreement" was signed later. Judging from the content of the contract, the Song army lost a large number of generals, soldiers, and households. Even the Song army rewarded the Western Xia with 130,000 silk horses, 50,000 silver and 20,000 catties of tea every year, which directly aggravated the economic pressure of the Song army.

Later, during the reign of Emperor Xingzong of Liao, Xiao Hui chen bing Song Jing, the Song Dynasty sent Fu Bi to make an agreement with the Liao state, the result of which the Liao state was harsh and tough, and Bo Zheng led the state to greatly revitalize the country, thus breaking the Liao state's demand for the land of Sanguan seized by Chai Rong in the Later Zhou Dynasty, and also maintaining the peace agreement of the Alliance of Liaoyuan on the condition of increasing the number of coins. Therefore, the outward expenditure of the year coin was undoubtedly not a heavy burden for the Song Dynasty, but if it was compared to the military expenditure of choosing war, the annual coin expenditure was insignificant. After several years of monetary spending, the Song Dynasty's economy was almost in deficit. It is conceivable that the biggest impact of this "DingchuanZhai War" on the Song Dynasty was the economic burden.

In addition, for politics, the loss of land is also inevitable. In addition, although the Western Xia agreed to refer to the Song Dynasty as "subjects" in diplomatic documents and accepted the canonization of the Song State, in fact, the agreement reached between the two sides was that the Western Xia still called themselves the Son of Heaven in their own country, and that they were ostensibly subjects to the Song Dynasty.

Introduction to the Battle of Dingchuan Village

For the historical "Battle of Dingchuanzhai", it was the third battle in the Song-Xia War that broke out during the Song Renzong period, and finally ended with the Song defeat and the Xia victory, so what is the introduction of the Battle of Dingchuanzhai?

First of all, regarding the "Battle of Dingchuan Village", it mainly occurred in the second year of the Northern Song Dynasty, that is, during 1042. At that time, in the war between the Song and Western Xia, the Western Xia army began to attack the Song jingyuan road, and eventually defeated the Song army at Dingchuan Village. As for the course of the war, it goes like this:

On the ninth day of September, Ge Huaimin led his troops into Watting Village, where he met with Xu Sichun, the governor of the village, and Liu Hebu, the governor of Huanqing, and later began to march north in violation of orders until he entered Tun Wugukou.

On the twentieth day, he marched southwest of the Zhenrong Army, and Zhao Zheng thought that he was close to the Xia Army, and he did not dare to march forward again. Later, Zhao Xun thought that the Xia army was far away, and in order to be able to make a quick decision, he suggested fortifying MalanCheng, but Ge Huaimin still did not listen, but instead stationed his troops in Dingchuan Village.

On the twenty-first day, they were intercepted by the Xia army until they retreated to Xiangjia Gorge. The Xia army still took advantage of the victory to pursue and approached the Song army. At the same time, he also ordered his subordinates to destroy the bridge, cut off the road for the Song army to deliver grain, and also cut off the water source of dingchuan village, intending to hunger and thirst the Song army.

On the twenty-second day, with Cao Ying and Zhao Xiang as the vanguard, Liu He and Xu Sichun formed a team on the left and right flanks, planning to march east. Before leaving, the subordinates repeatedly requested a detour, but Ge Huaimin disagreed, and after moving a certain distance, he found that the bridge had been destroyed and the road was cut off. At this time, the Xia army took the opportunity of the chaos of the Song army and began to rush from all sides, and finally the Song army was caught on all sides, the army was completely destroyed, and the Song army was defeated.

Evaluation of the Battle of Dingchuan Village

It is said that in the history of the Song and Xia dynasties, there were three major battles between them, namely the "Battle of Sanchuankou", the "Battle of Haoshuichuan" and the "Battle of Dingchuan Village". Among them, after the Battle of Dingchuan village, the two sides began to shake hands and make peace, and then entered a period of "peace". As for Xia Jun's peace, the reason for the peace was simple, because relations with the surrounding Liao states began to deteriorate, and soon after the Battle of Dingchuan Village, the Xia Liao fought a major war, after which the Xia-Liao relations began to gradually deteriorate. So what is the evaluation of the historical Battle of Dingchuanzhai?

First of all, the "Battle of Dingchuanzhai" was rated as the most bizarrely recorded war in the Song and Xia Wars. As for how weird it is, history also gives a certain explanation. It is said that at that time in the war, the Song army was trapped in Dingchuan Village, and several breakthroughs were almost unsuccessful. There are two doubts: First, there was no fierce battle between the nearly 10,000 Song army and the Xia army, so how did it fall into the enemy's side? In the first war, the Formation of the Song Army was in chaos, but it was not yet broken, but from the perspective of later development, the Song Army quickly stabilized its position. So, why was the entire army destroyed in the later breakout? Second, whether Ge Huaimin was the main factor in the defeat of the war.

Others have commented that the war was an encounter. Take the ruins of Dingchuan Village, the village is very small, not to mention to accommodate tens of thousands of troops, so some people speculate that the Song army was not assembled here. Some people even commented that the real reason for the failure of this war was the surrender of the Song soldiers without a fight, so that Ge Huaimin and others had to break through alone and finally died heroically, which was the most unacceptable defeat of the Song Dynasty in these wars.

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