Facing the 2022 public institution examination, we must remember the knowledge points of Shandong Province

Through the analysis of the examination situation of the shandong provincial public institution examination in the past years, it is not difficult to find that the localization knowledge involving the shandong examination situation in the examination is frequently produced, and the provincial situation part is a mandatory module every year. So, what are the high-frequency test points in the provincial situation module? From what perspective is the provincial situation examined? This article will lead you to summarize the key knowledge of Shandong Province.

1. Geographical knowledge of Shandong Province

1. Geographical location

Shandong Province is located on the eastern coast of China and the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and its territory includes both peninsula and inland parts. Geographically, Shandong Province borders four provinces: Hebei in the northwest, Henan in the southwest, and Anhui and Jiangsu in the south.

2. Topography

The central mountainous region of Shandong is protruding, the southwest and northwest are low-lying and flat, and the eastern part is gently undulating, forming a topographic trend with mountain hills as the skeleton and plain basins interlaced in between. Mount Tai dominates the central region and is the highest point in the province. The Yellow River Delta is the lowest land in the province.

3. Rivers and lakes

The water system in Shandong is relatively developed, the rivers belong to the Huai River Basin, the Yellow River Basin, the Hai River Basin, the Xiaoqing River Basin and the Jiaodong River System, and the Yellow River enters from Dongming County, Heze City, runs obliquely through the Northwest Plain of Lu, and flows into the Bohai Sea in Kenli District of Dongying City.

The lakes are concentrated in the Luxi Lake belt between the Luzhong Nanshan Hill Area and the Lu southwest plain. With Jining as the center, it is divided into two large lakes, with the south four lakes and the north five lakes. The four lakes are connected, with a total area of 1375 square kilometers, which is one of the top ten freshwater lakes in the country.

4. Coasts and seas

The Shandong Peninsula is surrounded by the sea on three sides, with a coastline of the mainland, second only to Guangdong Province and Fujian Province,

5. Climate

Shandong's climate belongs to the warm temperate monsoon climate type. The caloric conditions can meet the needs of crops for two crops a year.

6. Population

According to the results of the seventh national census,

2. Political knowledge of Shandong Province

1. History of the establishment

The word Shandong, as the name of an administrative division, began in the Jin Dynasty. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Shandong Province was established, and "Shandong" became the proper name of the province.

2. The earliest Shandong people

Forty-fivety thousand years,

3. From Beixin culture to Yongsan culture

About 8,000 years ago, they belonged to the early, middle and late Neolithic cultures. Dawenkou culture and Longshan culture were first discovered in Shandong.

4. Qi and Lu Jianguo

The Western Zhou Dynasty was established and implemented a sub-sealing system. The chancellor Jiang Shang and his brother Zhou Gongdan were sealed here,

5. Reform of the Management Committee

Lay the foundation for Qi Huangong's hegemony.

6. Lu Guo's initial tax acres

In 594 BC, the State of Lu implemented the "initial tax mu", which was the earliest agricultural tax on the mainland. The initial tax acres in fact recognized the ownership of private land by the owners of private land, which meant that the mode of exploitation of slavery began to be changed to a feudal way of exploitation.

7. Qin Shi Huang toured Shandong in the east

Qin Shi Huang City 5 times out of the tour,

8. Cao Shanzhiqi

In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Bang appointed Cao Shan as the State of Qi Xiangguo. Cao Gan first implemented a policy of recuperation in the State of Qi, so that the social order gradually stabilized, and the economy developed rapidly, so that "the Great Governance of the State of Qi", Cao Gan was also known as "Xianxiang".

9. Fang Xuanling, a minister of the Tang Dynasty

After the "Xuanwumen Revolution", Li Shimin won the throne, and Fang Xuanling was appointed as the prime minister, who ran the government for 20 years. He presided over streamlining government agencies; formulating the Tang Law and relaxing penalties; and implementing the equalization system and developing production. Fang Xuanling dared to give advice, and he also wrote to Tang Taizong to oppose the Eastern Expedition to Goryeo.

The idiom "Fang Mou Du Duan" is related to Fang Xuanling: Fang Xuanling is good at planning, and Du Ru is good at judging.

10. SongJiang Uprising

In the last years of the Northern Song Dynasty, Hebei and Shandong were hit by floods, and poor peasants were displaced and unable to survive. In 1119, the SongJiang Rebellion broke out.

3. Economic knowledge of Shandong Province

1. Hundreds of industries and farmers come first

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, both Qi and Lu attached great importance to agricultural production. Iron farming tools have begun to be used in agricultural production, and cattle farming has also emerged. In the State of Qi, Guan Zhong was the first to put forward the idea of heavy peasantry.

2. Three major agricultural books in ancient Shandong

He lived in the last years of the Western Han Dynasty.

Living at the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the earliest surviving complete agricultural book in China is known as the "Encyclopedia of Ancient Chinese Agriculture".

Man, author of the "Book of Agriculture".

3. Crown and clothing the world

Qilu dadi is rich in high-quality textiles, known as "crown belt clothes and shoes in the world". The silk fabrics "Qi Lun" and "Lu Mu", which are famous for their thinness, lightness and thinness, also became the best products used by the royal family and nobles at that time and the strange goods of the rich merchants and merchants.

4. Ceramics

Zibo is a concentrated producer and sales center of ceramics in the north of the mainland, and is famous for its "porcelain city".

5. Qiguo Sword Coin

"Qi Dao" is a kind of knife coin, which is a copper coin circulating in the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

6. Tao Zhu Gongsan Zhi Qianjin

"Tao Zhugong" is an outstanding representative of the successful merchants who appeared in Shandong in the late Spring and Autumn Period. His real name was Fan Li , and he had assisted the Yue King in destroying Wu. Shortly thereafter, he abandoned his official position to do business because he was coldly treated by hooks. Sima Qian praised him in the "Chronicle of History and Cargo Breeding" for "three to thousands of gold in nineteen years", so that "Tao Zhu Gong" became synonymous with the giant merchant Jia.

4. Cultural knowledge of Shandong Province

1. Confucianism

Confucius, Mingqiu, Zi Zhongni, a native of the Lu Kingdom (present-day Qufu) in the late Spring and Autumn Period, was a great thinker, educator, and founder of the Confucian school in ancient times on the mainland.

2. Soldiers

3. Mojia

In the early warring states period, a prominent civilian thinker appeared in the lu state, Mozi. Mozi opposes predatory wars, advocating "both love" and "non-aggression"; advocating frugality and opposing waste. The Mojia school he founded had a great influence in the ideological circles, and his disciples spread all over the world, and together with Confucianism, they became "Xianxue".

4. Medicine

Mingyue people, qiguolu (present-day southwest of Changqing),

5. Craftsmen

His original surname was Gong Wan, a famous craftsman and inventor of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. At that time, people honored him as a gong loser, and posterity called him Lu Ban because he was a Lu national, and "like" was homophonous with "ban".

6. Calligraphy

Known as Wang Youjun, he was a minister and calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and his characters were "floating like floating clouds, like a frightening dragon", and his pen power was majestic, natural, and fascinating.

7. Painting

Zhang Zeduan, a master of painting in the Northern Song Dynasty, was a native of Dongwu (present-day Zhucheng, Shandong). His "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty" is the most outstanding work in the genre paintings of the Song Dynasty. The "Map of the Upper River of the Qing Dynasty" is 552 centimeters long and 25.5 centimeters wide, depicting the prosperous scene of Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.

8. Lu cuisine

The outstanding cooking methods of Lu cuisine are bursting, grilling, and pulling silk, especially the explosive and grilled vegetarian dishes are praised by the world.

Among Lu cuisine, the classic dishes are: a pint of tofu, roasted sea cucumber with green onion, three-wire shark fin, white grilled four treasures, sweet and sour Yellow River carp, nine-turn large intestine, fried double crisp, grilled shell abalone, braised prawns in oil, vinegar pepper fish, boiled fish fillets, warm braised mandarin fish fillets, coriander fried squid rolls, clear soup silver fungus, wood chestnut meat (wood whisker meat), Jiaodong four big mix, sweet and sour loin, braised prawns, Zhaoyuan steamed balls, Zaozhuang spicy chicken, steamed Jiaji fish, Jinan handle meat, scallion fish fillet, sugar sauce chicken nuggets, oil splashed bean, Shili ginkgo, milk soup pu cabbage, mullet egg soup, pot roasted duck, Crispy chicken, yellow fish tofu soup, yam, honey pear ball, casserole sandan, cloth bag chicken, hibiscus chicken slices, hibiscus yellow pipe, Yangguan sandi, shrimp before the rain, Uyun Tuoyue, yellow braised chicken nuggets, pot collapsed yellow fish, milk soup crucian carp, roasted second winter, Taishan Sanmei soup, Xi Xi Shi tongue, sai crab, braised two chicken shreds, elephant eye pigeon eggs, cloud sliced monkey head, fried fish parsley, fried whole scorpion, watermelon chicken, etc.