Editor's note: Yesterday, in honor of Guo Changhai, a giant of Jinyuan culture, we published Guo Changhai's article "Guo Changhai: The Defender of Huining, the Last Fallen City of the Jin Dynasty- The Heroic Guo Shrimp Toad", which introduced the heroic deeds of the Golden General Guo Shrimp Toad. Today, to make a further introduction, the last Batulu general of the Golden Kingdom, Guo Shrimp Toad, was enshrined as the city god of Jingyuan City after his death.
Jingyuan City God --- Guo Shrimp Toad
Author: Hai Na Bai Chuan
Chenghuang, in some places, is also known as Chenghuangye. He is a magistrate of the Underworld, with authority equivalent to that of the Mayor of the Yang Realm. Therefore, the city god is related to the city and develops with the development of the city. The city god originated from ancient sacrifices and was practiced by Taoist local protectors. Chenghuang originally refers to the moat, And Ban Gu's "Order of the Two Capitals": "Jingshi Repair Palace Room, Juncheng God." "The ritual of worshipping the gods of the city god was formed during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. During the Tang and Song dynasties, the belief in the city god flourished. The Song Dynasty was listed as a national ceremony. The Yuan Dynasty made him the Holy King of You. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the title of The Great Seal of the Heavenly City God was divided into four grades, such as kings, dukes, hous, and bos, and when they were sacrificed, they were ordered by the king and the fuzhou county respectively. The meaning of Ming Taizu's move was, "To examine the good and evil of the people and the misfortunes, you Ming will not be spared." The city god changed from a guardian god to a system of supervision in the underworld, and Taoism therefore called the city god function to cut off the rebellion and lead the souls of the dead.
This time passing through Jingyuan, I specially arranged time to visit Jingyuan City God, a well-known Huining Jin Dynasty hero--- Guo Shrimp Toad. According to Zhang Shenwei's "Youshi Zhai WenShi Poetry Collection", the county god of Jingyuan County was Guo Shrimp Toad, and the right uncle of The Fengxian, the imperial court of Ming Hongwu in the second year, had an edict stored in the county. According to people who have lived in the Alley of the God Temple for generations, the Jingyuan Huangye Guo Shrimp Toad is a statue of Nanmu, and it is not known which dynasty has been passed down to the present.
The Jingyuan City God Temple is located in an alley not far northwest of the Bell and Drum Tower. The gate is opened to the south, and there is a bell tower on each side of the gate. When I went there, there were a lot of children who were picked up by adults from the City God Temple, thinking that it was incense or some festival, it turned out that there was a kindergarten in the City God Courtyard, and there were two children waiting for their parents, still playing on the railing of the gate. On both sides of the entrance gate is a row of small second floors, the left side is the Huangmiao Cultural Center, and the right side is a private kindergarten.
Children are playing and waiting for adults to pick them up
Twenty meters directly opposite the gate is the main hall of the City God Temple, which sits majestically from north to south, and is a typical brick and wood classical building. Entering the main hall of the temple is dedicated to Guo Shrimp Toad, and on its right side is Lady Guo Shrimp Toad. The impression is that Guo Shrimp Toad is a mighty warrior, but here is a full-day civilian official. However, the swords and spears and various weapons lined up on both sides are enough to show the heroic posture of the battlefield in that year. There was a curtain hanging on the east and west sides of the main hall, and out of curiosity, I opened the west side to look at it, but it was a double bed, and a staff member introduced that it was the residence of the temple official. Pulling open to the east, there is a storehouse. In the vacant places on the ground, some dusty debris that is not commensurate with the temple hall is placed. It seems that we, the national heroes equivalent to the level of mayors, are useless in this place that advocates economic downplaying of humanities. Only a group of children can be accompanied by a group of children during the day and sleeping with a temple official at night.
Looking at the long river of history, everyone is like a passerby.
Some people wear heavy makeup and leave deep traces on the long scrolls of history.
Guo Shrimp Toad is such a character.
Guo shrimp toad Nanmu statue
A native of Jindaihui Prefecture (present-day Guo Chengyi, Huining County). Born in 1192, the Han name was Guo Bin, because of his outstanding military achievements, Jin gave him the royal family name "Yan Dian", so it was also called "Yan Zhan Toad". Guo Toad was a Jin Baojia shooter for generations, and was a farmer in the form of soldiers and civilians in the Jin Dynasty. He was excellent in martial arts, good at bows and arrows, and joined the army with the skill of good archery, in April of the second year of Jin Xuanzong Yuanguang, Guo Shrimp Toad was conferred by ChiZhan Hexi to the senior position of envoy of the Tongyuan Army, and in June, Jin Xuanzong officially awarded him the envoy of the Jingnan Army, and added the title of Shandongxi Road Hui Kebi Assassination Mouke, in the second year of Jin Aizong, Guo Shrimp Toad was entrusted with the affairs of Fengxiang Prefecture because of his merits, and the governor of the Terracotta Army, the governor of the Left Capital, and the marshal of the Lanhui Taohe. In the winter of 1236, he fought in Huizhou, and because of the destruction of the city, his family set himself on fire and martyred the country, at the age of 45.
Guo Shrimp Toad and Brother Lu Daju are recruited for good shooting. At the beginning of Jin Xingding, Lu Da moved with merit and remotely taught Tongzhi Pingliang Prefecture affairs and huizhou assassination history. The Shixia people attacked Huizhou, the city was destroyed, and Lu Da and Shrimp toad were captured. The Xia people took pity on their skills and imprisoned them.
The brothers all swore to die unyieldingly, and they disguised themselves and plotted to abscond. After the incident was leaked, Lu Da was killed, and the shrimp toad escaped alone, and remotely entrusted Gongzhou with the jurisdiction of Gongzhou and the military state affairs of Tongzhi Lanzhou.
In the winter of the fifth year of Xingding (1221), the Xia people invaded Dingxi, the shrimp and toads were defeated, beheaded 700, and obtained 50 horses, and moved to the same as the Lintao government. In the second year of Yuan Guang (1223), the Xia people rode hundreds of thousands of troops to attack Fengxiang in a hurry, and the shrimp toad led the army, but was defeated, and the Jing Army was promoted to the envoy, and the Tongyuan Army was reformed. It was the winter of that year, and the shrimp toad led five hundred cavalry and collected the state. They all wear red clothes, and we are on the South Mountain. The Xia people saw it and suspected that they were divine soldiers. The defending Xia army had people who raised their hands to recruit people, shrimp and toads shot, penetrated hands, and shot hundreds of people. The Summer people are afraid, but they are out. It was the Huizhou that had been occupied by the Xia people for nearly four years and restored to Jinyou.
At the beginning of Zhengda, Tian Rui rebelled against Jin in Gongzhou, and commanded the provinces of Shaanxi and Gansu to suppress the rebellion. The shrimp toad led the crowd to the first board, and Tian Rui opened the door to escape, but was killed by his brother Tian Ji. The leaders of the rebels were all beheaded by shrimp and toads. According to this, he was also the commander of the four states of Fengxiang and the commander of the four states of Lan, Tao, Hui, and He.
In the spring of the third year of Tianxing (1234), Jin had died, and all the western states were submissive, and the lone shrimp and toads insisted on the isolated city. In the winter of Bingshen (1236), the Yuan army attacked it with force, and the shrimp and toad could not be supported, but all the gold, silver, copper and iron in the city were mixed into cannons to attack the attackers. Slaughter cattle and horses to feed the soldiers; burn the huts, and strengthen the hearts of the army. In the bloody battle between Japan and Japan, the soldiers suffered heavy casualties. Unable to support it, he gathered the family treasure and the wives and daughters of the soldiers in one room and burned them. The city was destroyed, and the soldiers committed suicide by throwing themselves into the fire. The shrimp and toad went up the haystack alone, covered themselves with a door panel, and shot two or three hundred Yuan soldiers. Throw your bow and sword at the fire, and self-immolate and martyr the country.
Showcasing the weapons of Guo Shrimp toad in the field of the year
Mrs. Guo Shrimp Toad
Ruins of Guo Shrimp Toad City in Guocheng Town, Huining County, Gansu Province
Guo Shrimp Toad City is located in the northwest of the present-day Guocheng Yi Town, originally known as Huizhou. It was built in the second year of the Northern Song Dynasty, that is, in 1099 AD. In 1982, the Huining County People's Government listed the city as a county-level cultural relics protection unit. In 1993, the city was listed as a cultural relics protection unit in Gansu Province. It is said to be an ancient city, but now the complete city wall cannot be seen, and because it is built of rammed earth, the city wall has collapsed in the millennia. The western side of the city has been swallowed up by the Zuli River. However, from the perspective of the ruins, there are two cities inside and outside, and some people say that there are three cities. The inner city is high and the outer city is low. Take the zuli river water flowing around the city to form a moat.
We put on incense, prostrated our heads, looked at this historical hero, took pictures, bid farewell to the temple officials, and left the Jingyuan City God Temple very uncomfortably.
Manchu Culture Network