Avoidance is an ancient feudal society
Unique cultural phenomenon
Legend has it that it originated during the Xia Shang Zhou Period
The names of ancient emperors and their ancestors
Subjects are not allowed to be mentioned in the instrument
During writing
They must avoid the word
So there are various ways to avoid it
In the inscriptions handed down from generation to generation
It can first be seen in the Tang Dynasty
During the Tang and Song dynasties, avoidance was quite strict
Not only should this word be avoided
Together with the phonetic character (suspect name), it cannot be written directly
In the Yuan Dynasty, the rulers belonged to the Mongols
Dialects are different
The name is transliterated
So there is no strict avoidance requirement
It was not until the Ming Dynasty that the system of avoidance was restored
But not strictly
The Qing Dynasty was Manchu
They don't mind kanji
But from the Kangxi period
A strict system of avoidance has been reinstated
generally
There are three main ways to avoid it
One is the lack of pens
This is common in the Fa Shu inscriptions
The second is to change synonyms
For example, "Kuang" was changed to "auxiliary" (Song Taizu Zhao Kuang Yin)
The third is to change homophones
This method was limited to the Ming and Qing dynasties
Because at this time, do not avoid the suspicion of the name (homophone).
For example, change "Hong" to "Hong" (Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty)
Let's take a look at some of the classic inscriptions
Lack of pen to avoid words
generation
▼
From Tang Liu Gongquan's book "Tang Huiyuanguan Bell Tower Ming"
Tang Taizong Li Shimin was secretive
One less "丨" in the middle
people
From Tang Yan Zhenqing's book "Oriental Painting Praise Monument"
Write less about the last slash
deep pool
From Tang Ouyang's book "A Thousand Characters"
Emperor Gaozong of Tang was secretive
Omitting the middle "meter"
From Tang Lu Zhi's book "Wen Fu"
Directly omitted the right "丿米丨"
abundant
From the Northern Song Dynasty's Book of Shu Su Ti
Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin
Write less about the last stroke " "
Huan
From the Southern Song Dynasty Zhao Zhao Kai book "Health Care Theory"
Song Qinzong Zhao Huan
Missing the middle and the bottom two "ones"
black
From the Qing Dynasty Yao Mengqi book
《Lin Ouyang Inquiry》
Qing Shengzu Kangxi (玄烨) 讳
Missing the last ","
……