Iran, culturally inherited from ancient Persia, an ancient civilization that can be traced directly back to 2700 BC, has a long history, which is no less than any ancient country on this planet. However, there was a major disconnect in the country's religious traditions, from the original belief in Zoroastrianism to the belief in Islam, which directly changed the fate of the entire country.
Zoroastrian reliefs
Zoroastrianism, also known as Zoroastrianism, is relatively close to the Demonic Cult served by Zhang Wujie. As early as the time of the Achaemenid Empire of the First Persian Empire, Zoroastrianism became the state religion of Persia. Thereafter, the Parthian and Sassanid Empires took turns to become the masters of Persia, and Zoroastrianism continued to dominate the spiritual world of the Persians from generation to generation.
From the map, Persia is like standing on a corridor, with Central Asia in the east and the Middle East and Turkey in the west, so there have been wars in history, and some people want to conquer the sea of stars farther away through Persia, and some people only want to conquer Persia.
The form of the eurasian junction in the 7th century AD
During the Achaemenid Empire, the Persians and Greeks were in constant conflict, and the Years of Greek-Polish War drained the Achaemenid dynasty and was eventually destroyed by Alexander the Great. In the later Parthian Empire, the Persians fought endlessly with the Roman Empire. During the Sassanid Empire, the Byzantine Empire, which inherited the mantle of ancient Rome, became a sworn enemy of the Persians.
In the process of fighting the Byzantine Empire, the Persians consumed a lot of manpower and financial resources, and the national strength was in a slump. At the same time, another ruling territory is about to rise from the Middle East by a great empire spanning the three continents of Europe, Asia and Africa. The first step in the expansion of the Arab Empire was to deal with the neighboring Byzantine Empire and the Persian Sassanid Empire.
The Arabs invaded Persia
The Arab Empire did not take advantage of the struggle with the Byzantine Empire, and the Arab navy was burned by the Byzantine Empire's Greece and fled, thus abandoning the strategy of invading Europe from the Bosphorus Strait and instead sending troops to North Africa, and then encircling Europe in a roundabout way by the Strait of Gibraltar. Many of the countries in North Africa that practice Islam today originate from this.
The Sassanid Empire, on the other hand, did not have the deep capital and superior geographical conditions of the Byzantine Empire. After years of conquest, the Sassanid Empire could not make ends meet, and the country was already on the verge of division. Persia, on the other hand, was already in the midst of four wars, unlike the Byzantine Empire, which held the Bosphorus.
Byzantine soldiers used Greek fire against the Arabs
In 633 AD, Arab armies began their first attack on the Sassanid Empire. Initially a guerrilla attack, the Arab cavalry unexpectedly appeared in a Persian town, plundered, and disappeared into the desert.
After several attempts, the Arabs decided that the Persians were a bully and began a large-scale invasion of Persia. One persian town after another was taken over by the Arab Empire, until finally, the Mesopotamia region was completely conquered by the Arab Empire, and the Persian Empire was forced to move east.
In 634-635, the Arab offensive against Persia came to a standstill as the Byzantine Empire's attacks pinned down the Arab forces. The Persians took advantage of this opportunity and organized a number of counterattacks, recovering a small amount of territory. In 636, the Arabs finally freed their hands, and the end of the Persians arrived.
In July 636, 30,000 Arabs arrived in the small town of Cadizia in the Euphrates Valley to confront 50,000-100,000 Sassanid armies. After 4 months of trials, the decisive battle began. From November 16 to November 19, it took the Arabs only four days to defeat an enemy with more than twice as many troops as themselves.
The Persian army is said to have elephants
After the Battle of Cadizia, the Sassanid Empire collapsed. Since then, although the Sassanid Empire still has sporadic resistance, it has become a climate. The Arab Empire raged on Persian territory until 644 AD, when it completely occupied the last part of the Sassanid Empire, and Persia became a province of the Arab Empire. More than 3,000 years of ancient Persian civilization were destroyed.
In ancient China, there was also a tragic experience of being destroyed, but Chinese culture has never been cut off, Hu Yu has no luck for a hundred years, and after they left, Chinese civilization still thrives. After the fall of the Sassanid Empire, the Persian civilization was annihilated, and the Islamic civilization ruled the land.
Even if, more than two hundred years later, the Arab Empire no longer ruled Persia, and the Persians could not return to their old culture. Iranians consider their homeland to be an ancient civilization, but their religion is foreign. They believe in the Shia sect of Islam and present themselves as the true lineage and leader of Islam. In the eyes of outsiders, they have a strong attitude and a slightly awkward shape.