The Mountain of Hair Dove, on which there are many garnet trees. There are birds, whose shape is like a wu, Wen shou, white beak, barefoot, known as Jingwei, and its song is the maiden of the Yan Emperor, known as the female baby. The female doll swims in the East Sea and drowns without returning, so she is a jingwei. It is often called the wood stone of the Western Mountains to be built in the East China Sea.
The Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Three Classics of the Northern Times
In mythology, Jingwei was originally the young daughter of Emperor Yan, because she went out to play, she accidentally drowned in the East Sea, so her soul turned into a bird named "Jingwei", and every day she took branches and stones from the West Mountain to fill the East Sea.
In fact, this myth reflects the transition from matrilineal to patrilineal clans, when people were threatened by floods and suffered great losses of human and property, but still stubbornly resisted floods.
The mythical female baby is the daughter of Emperor Yan, and after she drowned, her soul turned into a jingwei bird, which is actually the embodiment of the totem at that time, that is, the tribe of the female baby must have used birds as a totem.
The bird totem is the main totem form of the ancient Dongyi people, and its coverage area is very wide, almost the main totem form of the coastal area of China. Extending from the coast to the inland, there are also many relics left in the areas where the Qin people and the ancient Baiyue and Baipu ethnic groups have been active.
In ancient times, there were two so-called Yan Emperors: One was the Yan Emperor of the Shaodian clan, who came from the Huaxia Group and was surnamed Jiang. The other is the Dongyi clique's Xuan you. Xuan You's title of Emperor Yan belongs to the "Attack Number", that is, during the Yi and Xia Wars, Xuan You took his name after defeating Emperor Yan. (In the fierce conflict between the ancient Yi and Xia clans, Dongyi Xuanyou defeated the Huaxia Yan Emperor and attacked his name but eventually lost to the Yellow Emperor of Huaxia, so that the liver and brain were destroyed.) Its beginnings and ends are slightly found in the ancient books of the Yi zhou Shu And Taste Mai Xie. ）
The Yan Emperor of the Shaodian clan was juxtaposed with the Yellow Emperor, and his tribe used sheep as a totem, far from the sea. Moreover, according to the available information, the Huaxia Yandi never went south of the Yangtze River. The Yandi Tomb in present-day Du County, Hunan Province, should also belong to Dongyi Xuanyou. The Dongyi ethnic group takes Haidai as its old nest, the local bird totem is widely circulated, and the territory of the Xuanyu tribe is bordering the East China Sea. Therefore, the female doll embodied in the myth is actually the daughter of Xuan You.
The "Jingwei" bird does not come entirely from imagination, but has its own realistic prototype. According to the description of the ancient books, the shape of Jingwei is similar to the current white-fronted goose, "the white-fronted goose has white horizontal stripes on the base of the mouth and the forehead, and it is indispensable to call it 'the beginning of the text and the white beak'; The feathers on the back, neck, tail, etc. are brownish and black, similar to the color of black feathers; As for the feet , the tarnish and feet of geese are generally orange and reddish. Justified by the name 'barefoot'.
About 10,000 years ago, when the Great Ice Age was coming to an end, sea levels were much lower than they are now. Later, as the temperature gradually rose, the sea level also rose rapidly, and many lands were obliterated by the sea, so many primitive tribal people began to migrate far away, looking for and opening up new territories.
And "the female baby swims in the East China Sea" is the true portrayal of the female baby tribe at that time to open up a new territory to the east before the arrival of the sea invasion. However, their migration was devastated by the intrusion. The sudden disaster caused a great population loss to the people who were developing the new station at that time, which was reflected in the identity of the female doll "Imperial Daughter". However, the tribal people at that time did not give up directly, but treated the flood, which was also reflected in the "wood and stone of the Western Mountains, in order to survive in the East China Sea." "People at that time tried to control the flood by throwing earth and stones into the water, but this approach failed.
According to the literature, after Xuan You was defeated by the Yellow Emperor, his remnants migrated from Qufu in the north to duyang Lake in the south to Xiang, Qian, and Dian. To this day, Youshang is revered by the Xiang and Qianmiao tribes, and the relics are left in the Xiang Realm. From this, it can be analyzed that the story of the female baby drowning the sea bird occurred before the Great Migration of the Xuanyu people. During this period, the transition from matrilineal to patrilineal clans was staged.
The myth of Jingwei reclamation arose at a time when "matriarchy" had been shaken. The first people believed that all things in nature have sexes, and as for the sexes of water and fire, they are water males and fire females. "Left Biography" Zhao Jiu Nian "Fire, Water Princess Match also." ”
However, after the late primitive society, the gender concept of water and fire changed. In later literature, the concept was changed to fire man and water woman, which was very different from the ancients. Zhao Feiyan was favored, so he was reprimanded as "this disaster water, the fire will be extinguished." Lingxuan's "Feiyan Wai Biography" and "Water Margin" depreciated women such as Pan Jinlian as "watery Yanghua", but the male hero Qin Ming of Liangshan was nicknamed "Thunderbolt Fire" and "Dream of the Red Chamber" said that "daughters are flesh and bones made of water" and the time when this concept began to change was the late antiquity, that is, the period when the myth of Jingwei reclamation occurred.
"Emperor Yan, the sun also." "The Five Elements of the White Tiger Tongyi"
The identity of the sun god may have originally belonged to the Huaxia Yan Emperor, and was later inherited by the victor Xuan Youyi. Therefore, Dongyi Yan Emperor Xuanyou is the sun god, but also the god of fire, the original female. Her female baby naturally also has the personality of a Vulcan god.
The background of the myth "Jingwei reclamation" reflects the division and conflict between men and women. In the early and middle periods of primitive society, "the apparent matrilineal lineage established the power of women, but men were not content with a subordinate position, as a subservient young man." The drowning of female dolls in the East China Sea and the reclamation of female dolls and female dolls are the embodiment of "water and fire incompatibility". Men have created irreconcilable conflicts with women, who are the masters of power at this stage, in order to gain more rights. Under the constant attack and impact of men, the "matriarchy" was crumbling and finally collapsed. Jingwei reclamation shows that women are not willing to fail, and they struggle and fight back in despair. But the law of historical development cannot be reversed by human will. The replacement of "patriarchy" by "matriarchy" is a historical necessity and the development and progress of society. Therefore, the East China Sea is still the same, the jingwei reclamation is futile, and the failure is certain.
———end———
| Guo Yanan
Orchestrate | Zhao Cuiping
Pictures | Zhang Yufei
The myth of 5,000 years of Chinese up and down - Jingwei reclamation
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