The ruins of Tao Temple are mainly sites of the Longshan culture pottery temple in the middle reaches of the Yellow River in China, and also include the second phase of the Miaodigou culture and a small number of relics of the Warring States, Han Dynasty, Jin and Yuan dynasties. It is one of the sources of Chinese civilization and is considered by many experts to be the capital of Diyao.
"Han Feizi": In ancient times, the people ate melons, fruits, clams, fishy and foul-smelling, many diseases, there were saints to do, diamonds to make fire, in order to make fishy.
The use of fire is the most important landmark event for human beings to move from barbarism to civilization, and its greatest significance is that human beings are separated from the way of life of ru mao and drinking blood, and thus distinguish them from animals. Therefore, food culture is easy to distinguish whether a nation is civilized or not.
Food culture is naturally inseparable from cooking utensils, since it is called culture, it is not simply to put food on the fire and cook. As now, the ancestors of the Tao Temple 5,000 years ago had a very mature set of cooking utensils. From kitchen knives and cutting boards for cutting food to cooking stoves and pots, they have everything.
(Tao Temple- Wooden Trick)▼
(Tao Temple │ Stone Knife)▼
Below we mainly introduce the cookware found at the Tao Temple site, and the production and application of the cooker is also a sign of the high maturity of the application of fire.
kitchen range
The barrel stove has a "jade bi" shaped grate and four smoke holes, which can be used with kettles and tanks.
Process:
Using the positive construction method, the whole body is formed at one time, and the lower body is built with a mud strip circle (wall pressure bottom) on the upper side of the round cake bottom, and a circle of fences is built with mud strips at the upper end of the lower body, and the grate is perpendicular to the wall, and then continues to circle the upper body, and the grate is sandwiched between the upper and lower body, which is quite firm.
The lower body surface is rolled with vertical rope pattern.
A mud strip is attached outside the stove door and a circle of mud strips are attached outside the mouth to form a thick lip for reinforcement, and a triangular stamp is applied to the attached mud strip outside the stove door and the upper body, and a triangular stamp is applied with a triangular stick.
Flip the blank and put it in the buckle, and the right-hand knife first cuts the bottom of the device, leaving only the bottom edge for one week.
Cut the stove door and the smoke hole, and then attach a tubular mud ring to the outside of the smoke hole to act as a smoke pipe, and then attach two small transverse ears.
Kettle stove
On the basis of the stove, the ancestors of the Tao Temple invented the kettle stove, which is a kind of cooker that combines the kettle and the stove.
There are 2 lugs in the upper part of the kettle, symmetrical left and right, and there are 4 smoke holes in the upper part of the stove, with similar spacing, and the appearance and additional stacking patterns on the edge of the stove door are rolled vertical rope patterns. The outer sole is attached to 9 small round mud cakes, and the mud cake plays the role of reinforcing the bottom of the reinforcer.
The kettle is shaped upside down with mud strips and a mud cake attached to the outer sole.
The stove is also inverted.
Buckle the stove at the waist of the kettle, and slap the joint with the right hand;
Re-roll the rope at the joint, the seam disappears, two iron lugs are attached, the right-hand knife first cuts 4 smoke holes, and then cuts the stove door; the edge of the stove door is attached with a mud strip, and the mud strip is rolled on the rope strip. Finally, the blank is flipped and placed, and the mouth edge is trimmed.
The height ratio of the pottery temple kettle stove is appropriate, the height of the bottom of the kettle from the ground is also appropriate, and the flame is just burning to the bottom of the kettle. The volume of the kettle is large, more food can be cooked, the area in contact with the flame is larger, and the heating is faster.
The stove wall has a wind blocking effect, so that the stove insulation is better. Air convection is formed between the stove door and the smoke hole, so that the oxygen supply in the stove is sufficient and the firewood can be fully burned. The stove door is large, easy to throw firewood, the smoke hole is small, the flame is not easy to run out, and the heat can be fully utilized. The four smoke holes are similarly spaced, and the flame is naturally divided into four strands, so that the heating around the bottom of the kettle is even.
Because of its reasonable structure and high thermal efficiency, it was a relatively advanced cooker at that time. However, due to the complexity of the process, it is relatively bulky, and there are inconveniences in the use and washing, and it was finally replaced by pottery.
Mane
Mane is a cooker used for cooking, the process is more complicated, omitted here...