On the picture is the first brand of "Black Lieba": Borodino Black Lieba, and on the side plate is "parsley seed".
When it comes to the Russian diet, the first thing that comes to mind is "black bread", this kind of rough taste, yeast fermentation sour and slightly bitter food is a symbol of Russian culture, we all know that Russia, whether it is a large principality hundreds of years ago (the middle of the Ming Dynasty in China) or now a vast territory, geographically located in the northern temperate and cold temperate zone, geographical location determines that most parts of Russia are not suitable for the growth of food crops, so historically Russia is a food-deficient country! Under the conditions of backward agricultural production hundreds of years ago, the wheat produced by the land was too limited, and most farmers could only grind the harvested wheat without defotening, which was enough to eat, and also add oats, rye, buckwheat... And so on, other wheat flour, according to our understanding, this kind of noodle is "heterozygous noodles", baked bread is certainly not delicious!
The problem is that there is no other staple food than this "black lieba", and then potatoes.
It is said that the best "Black Lieba" is "Borodino Helleba" (now also the first bread in Russia, but the making process and ingredients are far stronger than it was in the past) It is said that when Emperor Napoleon led a large army to invade Russia in 1812, he fought with the Russian army in the village of Borodino on the western outskirts of Moscow, and the nuns of the "Borodino Monastery" added "french seeds" (parsley) to the "mixed noodles" to bake a special taste of brown bread (authentic "baguettes" also added french seeds), Well received by Russian soldiers ... Thus "Borodino Helleba" became famous in one fell swoop.
By the time of World War II, due to the lack of preparation of the Soviet Union at the beginning of the war, a large part of the territory of Europe was occupied by the German army, including the "granary" ukraine... This also caused a rather serious food shortage in the Soviet Union at the beginning of the Soviet-German war! At this time, the "black lieba" is no longer a whole grain food, but is mixed with acorn noodles, sawdust, and even some kind of mineral powder, in order to make this thing not easy to digest and stay in the stomach for a while, so as not to feel hungry for a while.
Due to the dangerous food situation in the Soviet Union, including the front-line soldiers, there was a shortage of food and fat, coupled with the cold winter, relying only on inferior black bread and a few potatoes, the physical fitness declined seriously... In order to allow the Soviet army to resist the momentum of the Nazi army, the United States urgently provided the Soviet Union with a large number of high-protein and high-fat foods through the Lend-Lease Act, including the Spamm luncheon meat on the picture (the picture was specially supplied to the Soviet Union, printed in Russian), which greatly alleviated the problem of the decline in physical fitness of Soviet soldiers on the front line.
In addition to the Spamm lunch meat, there is also the fat pork can on the picture, Russia (Eastern European countries) due to the cold winter climate, in order to improve the calories in the eating habits of the tradition of making cured pork, for this reason the United States specially made "fine stewed canned pork" shipped to the Soviet Union, the above picture in the spoon is the canned pork cold condensed fat oil, Soviet soldiers usually put this large piece of fat oil on the shoddy bread on the big bite to eat, Then take a sip of 100 grams of vodka (Stalin emphasized that every Soviet soldier should be supplied with 100 grams of vodka per day) and go to the front!
In the same situation as the Russian "Black Lieba", the Prussians were also waiting for "black bread" before entering the industrial inquiry, and the picture shows the German "black bread" in the European diet with the russian "Black Lieba"! The main ingredient is also not to bran whole wheat milling, but the corn flour accounted for a large proportion, in fact, "black bread" first appeared in Germany (Prussia), and then spread all the way to Eastern Europe, and finally spread to Russia, Germany is the origin of "black bread", in addition to black bread, Germany also has whole wheat bread, from the taste of German and Russian black bread is not much difference, not Germany or Russians can not distinguish at all, the same ration rough and very strong yeast taste.
The German army is using field baking trucks to bake black bread, Germany (Prussia) ancestors have not been broad, because of the short history of entering the industrial question, the history has not participated in the vigorous "sailing age", Prussia's primitive accumulation is not as much as britain and France, before becoming the German Empire, the national life is generally very poor, but also eat "black bread" and potatoes all day, and then there is a little cabbage, otherwise why would there be German sour cabbage? As for all kinds of sausages and roast pork knuckles, these have become increasingly abundant in the era of industrial enlightenment.
People are like this, when the income increases after the beginning to enjoy life, The Germans because of good learning, good research into the industrial civilization after the country developed very quickly, the national strength soon surpassed all the countries in Eastern Europe, and became a European country, after the national strength and economic level increased, the Taste of the Germans also changed, although "black bread" and whole wheat bread is still a staple food, this habit can not be changed, but the Germans want to smear honey on the brown bread to eat, sweet can improve the taste and nutrition, And sweet will also have a sense of happiness, but the German honey production is not high, can not meet the needs of the whole people, so the Germans invented the "artificial honey", that is, the sugar squeezed out of the sugar, plus fructose, glucose, some edible thickeners, plant flavors... And other food additives have become artificial honey, this artificial food in terms of taste and nutrition and real honey is no different, the main ingredients are sugar and fructose, can completely replace the real honey, with "artificial honey" after the German people's happiness has increased greatly, and have developed "artificial coffee" and "margarine", "artificial coffee" in the previous article has been introduced, and "margarine" is to use rapeseed oil (to approximate the real cream inside to add some lard) through "hydrogenation"... Although "artificial" is not as good as real cream in all aspects, it can still improve the quality of life, but the harm of trans fatty acids in "margarine" has only been discovered today....
The top grade of the German "black bread" "Brent black bread" is added with peanut kernels and raisins, which is also a manifestation of the improvement of the quality of life of the Germans.
World War II German "black bread" also followed the German army into the Territory of the Soviet Union, its spearhead German tank soldiers in the food, black bread or whole wheat bread 750 grams (per person), boiled potatoes 750 grams, this is the staple food, side dishes: there are cooking lard 45 grams, sausages or cured meat 150 grams, jam, artificial honey 30 grams ... These basic foods, of which jam and artificial honey are eaten on brown bread.
The soldiers of the Soviet Union and Germany were eating the same black bread, and the same hardcore field rations were fighting together, and there was not a trace of "pity" between each other because they chewed the same thing, but the hatred between them rose to the highest point.
In terms of national character, germans and Russians are in a harsh natural environment, growing up a hard-working nation, not good at talking or even a little wooden, the mind is relatively simple, but these two nationalities have created many great scientists, musicians, writers, politicians, military experts... Similarly, there were many careerists and adventurers long ago, so Germany launched two world wars, and Russia expanded from a small country to the largest country in terms of territorial area, all of which were due to national character.