Two Wolongs
As we all know, the term "Wolong" is Zhuge Liang's patent.
"Wolong", also known as "Fulong", is a metaphor for outstanding talents who live in seclusion or do not appear. "Fu Long Phoenix, get a peace in the world." This is the slogan that Mr. Shui Jing is Sima Hui's slogan for the two beloved disciples.
The word "Wolong" actually comes from the mouth of Xu Shu in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms": Shi Xian Lord Tun Xinye. Xu Shu saw the first lord, the first master, said the first lord: "Zhuge Kong Ming, Wolong Ye, the general is willing to see it?" ”
Because Zhuge Liang's fame is so great, the world only knows Kong Ming, but they do not know that there is another "Wolong" in the Three Kingdoms, that is, Ji Kang at the end of Cao Wei.
Ji Kang was the head of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest", and the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest" was the spiritual leader of the literary world during the Wei and Jin dynasties.
Ji Kang's name for "Wolong" comes from the Book of Jin, and the naming rights belong to Zhong Hui.
"Jin Shu Ji Kang Biography": And yes, (Zhong Hui) said to Emperor Wen: "Ji Kang, Wolong Ye, can not rise." There is no worry about the world, and Gu Yikang is worried about the ear. ”
Calling a non-emperor a dragon indicates that in the Wei and Jin dynasties, the dragon was not the exclusive title of the emperor.
The Three Kingdoms stood tall
And the two "Sleeping Dragons" of Zhuge Liang and Ji Kang do have many similarities.
First, both of them were orphaned early, so they had been embarrassed in their early lives.
What is early loneliness? That is, my father died at a very young age.
Zhuge Liang was born in 181, and his father Zhuge Jue died in 189 as a county magistrate of Taishan County, Yanzhou.
At this time, the eldest son Zhuge Jin was 15 years old and assumed the obligation of serving his stepmother. The eight-year-old Zhuge Liang, the younger brother Zhuge Jun, and the two unmarried sisters were all raised by their uncle Zhuge Xuan.
Later, his uncle Zhuge Xuan died, and Zhuge Liang lost his dependence and once used farming to feed himself. This is recorded in the Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms: Xuan Shu , Liang Gong Cultivating Longmu , good for "Liang Father Yin".
Zhuge Liang also said clearly in the "Table of Renunciation": "The subject is clothed, he cultivates in Nanyang, and he lives his whole life in the chaotic world, and does not seek to reach the princes." ”
Ji Kang was born in 224, and his father Ji Zhaoguan Zhizhi Zhishu served the imperial history, and the year of birth and death is unknown.
Ji Kang died at a very young age, and his youngest son Ji Kang was raised by his mother and brother Ji Xi.
Ji Kang should have faced the pressure of life in his early years, and once provided his family with iron, which is recorded in the Book of Jin: "In the beginning, Kang lived in poverty, and often forged under a big tree with Xiang Xiu to support himself. ”
However, Ji Kang's iron strike is not only a subsistence craft, but also his interest. This is also recorded in the Book of Jin: sex is exquisite and easy to forge. There is a willow tree in the house, which is a water circle, and every summer month, it is forged under it.
The iron tools forged by Shi Zai ji kang are also of a high standard, and the swords and hoes and sickles can be forged. Su Dongpo has an exquisitely made iron rod, which is said to be the work of Ji Kang.
Ji Kang hit iron
Second, both of them are slender and personable handsome men.
What is the height of the two people? This is recorded in the canonical history.
The "Romance of the Three Kingdoms, ShuShu, and Zhuge Liang" says: Eight feet tall, every time he compares himself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi, when people are not allowed to be. The "Biography of Jin Shu Ji Kang" contains: Seven feet and eight inches long, beautiful words. That is, Zhuge Liang was eight feet tall, and Ji Kang was seven feet and eight inches tall, slightly shorter than Zhuge Liang.
In the late Han Dynasty, Wei and Jin Dynasties, an ancient ruler was about equal to 23.5 centimeters today, in other words, 23.5 times 8, Zhuge Liang was about 1.88 meters, 23.5 was multiplied by 7.8, and Ji Kang was about 1.83 meters.
Are these two handsome? Handsome, really handsome. Because in the Wei and Jin dynasties, it was often an era of relying on appearance to eat, such as Pang Tong, Zhang Song, Zuo Si and others have all suffered losses with low appearance.
The 47-year-old Liu Bei met the 27-year-old Zhuge Liang for the first time, and Zhuge Liang's high appearance must have left a good impression on Liu Bei.
This is recorded in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms": Liang rarely has the talent of Yiqun, and the spirit of heroism. Eight feet long, his appearance is very great, and he is different from others... The Shizuo general Liu Bei had a special amount of liang, and the three Gu Liang were in the grass.
Let's take a look at how the "Book of Jin" describes Ji Kang's appearance: there is a wind instrument, and the earth-shaped skeleton is not decorated by algae, and people think that the dragon chapter is phoenix- and natural.
The description of Ji Kang in the "New Language of the World" is more vivid: "Ji Kang is seven feet and eight inches long, with a special style, and the person who sees it sighs: 'Xiao Xiao is solemn, cheerful and clear.'" Or cloud: 'Solemn as the wind under the pine, high and slow to lead.' Shan Tao said: "Uncle Ji is also a man, and the rock is the independence of the lone pine; his drunkenness is also the collapse of the golem Ruoyu Mountain." ”
In short, Ji Kang is a standing pine, a moving "jade".
Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest
Third, both of them were deeply influenced by the Jingzhou School, and both were literary masters.
Zhuge Liang was the master of Sima Hui, the master of The Water Mirror, and Sima Wei was the leader of the Jingzhou School. Ji Kang was the backbone of Wei and Jin metaphysics, and the precursor of Wei and Jin metaphysics was the Jingzhou school.
Although Zhuge Liang was busy with military and political affairs, there was still a "Zhuge Liang Collection" that was handed down. The Book of Commandments is intelligent, rational, concise, and sincere. The "Table of Teachers" is straightforward and simple, earnestly loyal, generous and tragic. Both texts are masterpieces that have been recited through the ages.
And Ji Kang is also a generation of literary heroes, "Book of Renunciation with Shan Juyuan" has a clear style, a super-conventional intention, and a concise writing, and this one article alone is enough to make him famous for eternity. And in his "Sending Xiu Cai into the Army Gift Poem", there is a famous sentence: See the return to Hong, hand waving five strings. Pitching and self-satisfied, wandering is too mysterious.
In addition, Zhuge Liang loves to chant "Father Liang Yin" and Ji Kang is good at playing "Guangling San", which shows that both of them have elegant interests.
Zhuge Liang and Ji Kang have many similarities between the two "Wolong", and if they can meet, they may also become confidants.
However, the two missed time and space. One in Shu and one in Wei. Zhuge Liang was 43 years older than Ji Kang, and when Zhuge Liang died, Ji Kang was only 10 years old.
Out of the teacher table
The life and death outcomes of these two "Crouching Dragons" are also very different.
Zhuge Liang met Liu Bei, cultivated Nanyang and became a representative of loyal subjects and wise men in traditional Chinese culture.
However, Ji Kangfeng wronged Sima Zhao, as Cao Cao's great-granddaughter-in-law and refused Sima Zhao's solicitation, lived in seclusion in the bamboo forest to avoid disasters but could not, and was finally beheaded in Luoyang Dongshi, and was sentenced to play a song "Guangling San", only 39 years old.
Fate is so, so what? Just as Wang Lieyun in the "Book of Jin": Shu Ye Zhi is very interested and does not meet, and fate is also!
But tragedy is about destroying good things for people to see.
Ji Kang has both talent and ambition, but he cut off the execution ground.
Zhuge Liang bowed to the best of his ability, but his ambition was difficult to reward, and he hated eternity.
In this way, the endings of the two also have something in common.
The beauty of tragedy lies in regret. It is precisely because of this regret that it can most shake people's hearts.
Therefore, when you and I, after a thousand years, enter their lives and poems again, we will still soak our hearts and wet our clothes with tears.
Ji Kang played "Guangling San" on his deathbed