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The emperor's weakness, eunuchs' power grabs, and foreign relatives interfere in politics are important reasons for posterity to summarize the demise of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It has to be said that the ambiguous relationship between the emperor, eunuchs and foreign relatives did indeed cause irreversible damage to the national strength of the Eastern Han Dynasty. However, there was a person with ulterior motives who gave a message to the emperor, which opened the prelude to the division of the warlords of the Three Kingdoms, and this person was Liu Yan.
It is said that the founder of Zhou Zhishu Han was Liu Bei, at least most of them think so. However, the historian Chen Shou did not do this, and in his book "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Liu Yan and Liu Zhang's father and son occupied the first chapter of the Book of Shu. Everyone knows that Liu Zhangli's "public opinion" led Liu Bei's army into Sichuan, and as a result, he was mainly opposed by Liu Bei and became the laughing stock of future generations. So why should Liu Yan be?
Liu Yanzi Junlang ( 劉焉字君郎), a native of Jiangxia Jingling , was a descendant of King Lu Gong. The history books record that there is nothing remarkable about the life of this Lu Gong King, on the contrary, the habits of the disciples are no less, and he has a brother liu sheng the King of Zhongshan Jing, that is, the ancestor who is often hung on by Liu Bei. After the fall of the Western Han Dynasty, the state of Lu was abolished by Wang Mang, and the descendants of King Lu Gong migrated to the Jingling area during the Reign of Emperor Zhang of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Liu Zhang left Shizhou County at a young age and later conferred the post of Zhonglang in the name of the clan. During the Two Han Dynasties, Zhonglang served the emperor and was also an official position for the imperial reserve talents. His teacher Zhu Tian died, and Zhu Tian had served as the situ of the Great Han. According to the system at that time, when the teacher died, the protégés and officials had to resign and keep filial piety. Therefore, Liu Zhang also helplessly left his great career.
Although Liu Zhang temporarily left his career, he did not idle, living in Yangcheng Mountain to recruit students. After the expiration of the period of filial piety, Liu Zhang was recommended as a virtuous fangzheng. Of course, this time out of the army, Liu Zhang's career can be described as a smooth journey, from the small officials of Situ Mansion to Luoyang Ling, Jizhou Assassin History, Nanyang Taishou, and then to Zongzheng and Taichang of the Central Jiuqing.
Although his official position rose all the way, the emperor at that time was the famous and absurd emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Han Ling Emperor, and the world had long been stirred up by the people's resentment, and there were constant uprisings everywhere. Seeing that the Great Han Dynasty was about to fall, Liu Yan believed that the high-ranking officials of the Central Jiuqing Were inferior to the local factions. The largest administrative unit in the party is only the county, and it is also quite thin in the face of the wolf smoke, and the thorn history can manage a certain number of counties, but it is only the official position of the inspector, not to mention that the official position of the thorn history is lower than that of the county guard, and it is impossible to mobilize these powerful county guards.
Therefore, Liu Yan made a speech to the Han Ling Emperor, changed the history to Mu Bo, and chose the Qing Dynasty to serve as a heavy minister. Some people think that the ancient people liked word games, but in fact the history of thorns was changed to Mubo, which was equivalent to the original supervision area becoming an administrative unit above the county. Of course, the Han Ling Emperor, who was overwhelmed by the various places, readily accepted this suggestion.
Liu Yan's initial choice of area was the poorest Jiaoguan Mu, presumably to emulate Wei Tuo at the end of Qin. After this discussion was agreed upon, Dong Fu privately found Liu Yan and told him, "The capital division will be chaotic, and the Yizhou division will have the spirit of heaven" (Romance of the Three Kingdoms). What is "Tianzi Qi" cannot be examined by posterity, but people at that time believed this very much, for example, Qin Shi Huang heard that there was Tianzi Qi in the southeast, so he went out to tour the southeast, hoping to use his king's qi to suppress Tianzi Qi.
Liu Yan immediately changed his mind when he heard this, and his eyes were fixed on Yizhou. It happened that Yizhou's thorn history was violent, fish and meat people, and the society of Shudi was not stable, so Liu Yan was sent to Yizhou. At the same time that he was dispatched, Liu Yu, Liu Biao and other Qingliu were also sent to various places as shepherds. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty commented on this matter as follows: "The heavy responsibility of the state begins from this point."
After that, the famous "Yellow Turban Army Uprising" broke out in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the central government was defeated, and the local government took advantage of this opportunity to recruit troops and sit on the throne. As for the later period, even if Dong Zhuo did not enter beijing, the decrees of the Eastern Han government could not be smooth as before. Unfortunately, Dong Zhuo entered the capital and deposed the emperor privately, giving the local powerful factions a pretext, and the chaos in the Three Kingdoms began here. And Liu Yan firmly guarded shu land, Yanran a country, if it is not the painful loss of his beloved son, perhaps the history of Shu land should be rewritten.
(This article refers to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, and the Zizhi Tongjian)