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Yandiankou Street is located in Dezhou City, Decheng District Dongfeng West Road Railway Tunnel Bridge West Road North, the street in the Ming and early Qing Dynasty (before 1763) is the south canal side loading and unloading salt dock, because the stevedores live here and form a street, so named "Yandiankou". In 1967, it was renamed "Sunshine Street" during the Cultural Revolution. In 1981, it was approved by the Dezhou Municipal People's Government as "Yandiankou Street".
Old streets and alleys
Before the liberation of Dezhou City in 1946, Yandiankou Street belonged to the seven towns of the first district (Chengxiang District) of Dexian County; in 1948 it belonged to the seven towns of the commercial district; in 1949 it belonged to the fourth town; in 1953 it belonged to the Taiping Subdistrict Office and the Southwest Corner District; in 1963 it belonged to the Shengli Commune; in 1967 it belonged to the Shengli Commune; in 1980 it was approved by the Shandong Provincial People's Government as the Yandiankou Subdistrict Office;
The street is called a street, but except for a large road in the middle of the north and south streets that leads to the city, there is no decent street after entering the residential area. They are all crooked and twisted, going to irregular alleys. The reason for its formation: here was originally a special wharf for loading and unloading salt, because the loading and unloading workers arbitrarily built houses on the embankment to live.
Before the liberation of Texas City, the street had three names (can be called South Street and North Street by the people): 1. Yandiankou Street (South Street): Located in the south of the street, it was originally built on the south canal embankment and was once called "New House". YandianKou Middle Street: It is named "Middle Street" because of the central part of the street. After the liberation of Dezhou City in 1946, Xinzhai merged with Yandiankou Middle Street to form "Yandiankou Street", but the people of this street called it "Yandiankou South Street".
Yandiankou North Street: Because it is close to the Dezhou Railway Station, it is located in the north of the street, named "Yandiankou North Street", and is now mostly in the "Times Garden". In 1967, during the "Cultural Revolution", It was merged with Yandiankou Street and called "Sunshine Street". In 1981, it was approved by the Dezhou Municipal People's Government as "Yandiankou North Street".
The north and south streets of Yandiankou both originated from the construction of houses on the embankment of the canal by porters, both on the earthen platforms about two meters high, while the avenue in the middle of the two streets is low, and at the west end of the road is the famous canal stone bridge in Dezhou City. It is said that in the early Ming Dynasty it was the only way to connect Shandong and Hebei, and the canal lost its former glory after being diverted. Before the construction of Jinpu Road, this road led east to Nanying Street. The reason why the archway on the east head of Nanying Street is written "Xitong Caoyun" is that the guide camp street leads directly to the canal wharf here.
After the Japanese occupied Dezhou City in October 1937, the cement road built around 1940 was taken from here, and the road went to the east end of Yandiankou South Street, turned south and inserted into the present Dongfeng Road, crossed shuangqiaodongzi (now Dongfeng Road Railway Tunnel Bridge) to the commercial street area.
After Yuan Shikai built the arsenal, some people in the street participated in the work in the "arsenal", but most of them were still engaged in porter work, so the main body of the residents of this street was workers, so the people here were simple, loyal and sincere. For example, after the liberation of Dezhou City, amateur martial arts, fist and foot activity groups based on Luo Xiusheng and Shi Deming also had a reputation in Zhoucheng, but they adhered to the principle of learning martial arts and fitness, and never caused trouble. The residents of the street have worked diligently for texas city for hundreds of years.
Salt Wharf, Salt Gate
According to the Qianlong Chronicle of Dezhou, "In the twenty-eighth year of Qianlong (1763), due to the danger of the Imperial Palace River, Yan Xishen, the governor of Shandong, Yang Chenglong of Zhizhou, and Xu Shien, the garrison of the Dezhou camp, built a dam on the upper pier to curb the old road, and picked up the river 495 zhang (1650 meters) in Sanlizhuang to join the old stream, that is, changed the Royal River to the west of the pier village to the Yue River. The canal from the upper pier to the imperial palace is a wasted river." That is, the end of the salt wharf was announced as the old canal west of Texas was diverted to the west.
Salt is a necessity, and in vast areas far from salt-producing areas, the salt merchant industry was created only through trade when salt was obtained. Because the salt trade can generate huge profits, it naturally becomes the object of competition for merchants, so in the history of China, since the Qin Dynasty, "salt" has been a commodity directly controlled by the imperial court.
The court of the Song Dynasty began to build salt works, and the families engaged in salt production in the coastal areas were "detained" as pavilion households and well households, and even their salt-making tools were nationalized, forming a management system for salt officials.
In the Ming Dynasty, the whole country's salt administration was directly under the direct management of the Household Department, and the salt envoy department was set up in the salt-producing region, which was in charge of the salt administration of the first district; the salt field office was set up, called the salt division, which was in charge of producing and harvesting salt; there were many salt farms in the first district, and under the salt transport department, there were additional sub-divisions, as the dispatch agency of the transportation division, and the salt works under the jurisdiction of the sub-district were managed nearby; the salt transportation department was set up on the salt transportation department, and the emperor sent a special minister to oversee the salt administration of the first district. History says that "Ming Salt Law mo is good at opening the middle".
They divided the salt-producing areas of the country into several large regions, such as the Lianghuai Salt District, the Two Zhejiang Salt Areas, and the Shandong Salt District, and then set up a number of salt farms, each of which was strictly stipulated to supply the masses of several prefectures and counties, known as "zoning and practicing salt." Salt was thus controlled.
The Great Ming Law stipulates: "Whoever commits a crime of salt shall be punished with a staff of one hundred and three years." "The death penalty is punishable in aggravating circumstances. The Great Ming Law also stipulates: "Those who destabilize the salt law, the buyer and the seller, each with eighty rods, the tooth protection is reduced by one class, and the price of salt goods is merged into the officials." "That is, both buyers and sellers are punished.
Therefore, in the early Ming Dynasty, in the six major salt areas of Lianghuai, Liangzhe, Changlu, Shandong, Hedong and Fujian, all set up the Salt Transfer Envoy Division (hereinafter referred to as the "Transport Division"), the chief said: the Transfer Salt Envoy (hereinafter referred to as the "Transport Envoy"), and in other salt-producing areas, there were 7 salt departments and other yamen, responsible for managing the salt production and marketing affairs of each salt farm. Salt industry departments such as the Transportation Division are under the jurisdiction of the Household Department and are not subject to the control of local governments.
At that time, the salt produced by the "Xiawa Salt Works" on the east coast of Dezhou needed to be distributed to the counties along the canal through the salt wharf in the west of Dezhou City, such as Wucheng, Xiajin, Linqing, Dongping, Gucheng and other counties, which became a salt distribution center. Therefore, the imperial court set up "salt transportation sub-division" and "salt warehouse" and other yamen and institutions at the Yandiankou Wharf in Dezhou. Although the "Salt Transport Sub-Division" is a dispatch agency of the "Salt Transport Division", it has a high rank, a large amount of wealth, and great style.
At that time, the "Xiawa Salt Works" were about 300 miles away from Dezhou City, and the wooden ox carts and canoe carts pushed by people who came here for a while continued, and the labor trumpets of loading and unloading boats in the canals rose and fell, and the cries of small merchants and hawkers rose and fell, converging into a bustling and spectacular salt wharf. Hence the name "Yandiankou".
When the salt wharf was formed here, the "salt transport sub-division" was set up that year, and reliable information and basis could not be found for the time being. But from a variety of relevant data to analyze, the early Ming Dynasty here must have formed a dock. Therefore, it is certain that this is the site of the earlier salt wharf and the pipe salt gate near Texas City. It can be seen that Yandiankou Street has a history of at least 500 years.
Twenty-eight years after the Qianlong Dynasty (1763), the salt wharf was moved to Xiguan (Qiaokou Street) with the westward movement of the canal, which was temporarily depressed for a period of time. In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the entire Jinpu Railway was built and opened to traffic, because the south freight yard of the railway station was located in the south of the street, so it became popular again.
Perhaps there is a relationship with salt here, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, "Limin Salt Industry Company" set up a Texas branch in Majia Dajing Street (now Xusheng Street). Its subordinate "Wutong Warehouse" was located in the area of the former Yandiankou Street Office. The warehouse's task was to store salt to be transported by train on the railway line. Because the trains were not normal at that time, the business here was not too large.
In November 1949, the central government decided to abolish the "Limin Salt Industry Company" and established the China Salt Industry Company, and the warehouse also completed its tasks.
Yandiankou Street has a long history and a superior geographical location, and has always been one of the more prosperous areas of Dezhou City. Until the 1980s, so it was close to the South Freight Yard of Texas Railway Station, Shuangqiao Dongzi West was a bustling commercial area integrating car repair, accommodation, early eating, tobacco, alcohol, sugar and tea. Until the establishment of the Canal Development Zone, the Yandiankou Street Office and the Yandiankou Police Station lived in Yandiankou Street.
Today, there are no adobe houses on earthen terraces, which have been replaced by high-rise buildings and shops. The spacious and bright Dongfeng West Road and Shangmao Avenue pass along the street, and in the "Canal Park" built on the site of the street, the gongs and drums are noisy, singing and dancing, and the ancient canal road is exuding the color of spring.
concentrate:
1. This article cites Guo Zhengzhong's "History of China's Salt Industry (Ancient Edition)", "Daming Law", "Salt Politics" and other works.
2. See "Texas Gazetteer" and other chronicles.
3. Limin Salt Industry Company: It is the "Limin Salt Industry Company" established by the North China People's Government in Ningjin County before the founding of the People's Republic of China. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it moved to Jinan.
(Made on February 18, 2020)
Random, real name Ma Huibin, male, born in 1944 in Qiaokou Street, Decheng District, Dezhou City, university culture, retired employee of the enterprise. Because I was born by the canal and grew up in Texas City, I have a special affection for the canal and for the history of Texas. Therefore, after retiring in 2005, he intervened in the study of The regional history of Texas and the canal culture of Texas, and has written more than 350 articles about the history of Texas and canal culture with more than 2 million words. He has published more than 260 articles in various newspapers, magazines and books. He has written nearly 300 poems and songs of various types, and published more than 100 poems in various newspapers, magazines and books. He has published books such as "Texas History" I and II, "Beichang Zhi", "Qiaokou Street Chronicle", "Water Beast Dry Boat" and so on.
One point number Jade River Weilan