Yan Shu (991~1055 AD), also known as Tongshu, was a native of Linchuan, Fuzhou (present-day Fuzhou, Jiangxi). At the age of fourteen, he was admitted as a child prodigy, and Song Zhenzong gave him the title of a jinshi, and his career was smooth sailing, and he was promoted to the position of Pingzhangshi (that is, the position of prime minister) under the Tongzhongshu Menxia. Although there are not many achievements in politics, they can reward and introduce latecomers, and Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, Ouyang Xiu, etc. are all out of his door. Yan Shu was satisfied with his life and pampered, and his words were quite famous at the time, but most of them were works of feasting and leisure. There is "Pearl Jade Words".
Raccoon Creek Sand
A glass of wine with a new song,
Last year's weather old pavilion,
When does the sun set?
Helpless flowers fall,
Déjà vu swallow returns,
The small garden incense path wanders alone.
This song, the film points out "last year", that is, last year, there were people singing new words, and some people were listening to the lyrics and drinking. Saying "a new word wine a cup", that is, when listening to a new song, drink a glass of wine to appreciate, indicating that the new words sung are appreciated by the listener. So while it was last year, it's worth remembering. It was the time when the flowers fell last year, and now it's the time when the flowers fall; then I was listening to songs and drinking in this pavilion, and this year I came to this pavilion that came from the old days. Last year I listened to songs and drank until the sun set, and this year I saw the sun set here again. But when will last year's pomp and circumstance come back? The people who sang last year, the people who drank together last year, after dispersing, it is difficult to reunite. Only the weather at last year's reunion is here again this year, and the pavilion at last year's reunion is still the same this year. In the face of this falling flower weather, this pavilion, thinking of the people and things when they were together last year, added to the sadness.
The next film points out the weather at that time, it is the weather when the flowers fall in late spring, and it is helpless to see the flowers fall, so there is no way. Seeing the swallows return, it seems that the swallows that flew from last year flew to find the old nest, so it seems familiar. The author wanders alone in the flower path of the small garden. The word "solo" is pointed out here, indicating that there is only one alone, and the people who listened to the song and drank last year are scattered, echoing the above, and there is more nostalgia for last year's singers and people who listened to the song and drank.
There is also a story in this poem, Hu Zai's "Afterwords of the Yuyin Cong" volume 24 quotes the "Fuzhai Manga"; Yan Shu and Wang Qi "synchronized on the pool, when the Spring Festival Gala, there have been falling flowers, Yan Yun: 'Every sentence, the wall of the book asks, or the year has not tasted a strong pair. And if there is no choice but to spend it, it has not yet been right. Wang Yingsheng said: "Déjà vu Yan returned." ’”
"Cilin Chronicle" Volume III: "Yan Shu has a poem of the Seven Laws of the "Investigation of the King of Shizhang Temple": 'The Shangwei Qingming Holiday has not yet been opened (the Shangwei Day in the third month of the lunar calendar is the Qingming Festival and has not yet been closed), and the small garden wanders alone. Spring cold is not endlessly speckled (dotted) rain, hangover is difficult to forbid (like wine full) cup. Helpless flowers fell, and déjà vu returned. The orchard endowed guests (the garden of King Xiao of Han Liang received talented people who were given gifts, metaphorically compared to the talents under his own hands) with many flavors, and it is not regrettable that the green money is selected by ten thousand talents (referring to the superhuman literary talents, such as bronze money, ten thousand choices). The three sentences in the middle of the word are the same as this word, and only one word is easy. Playing the 'helpless' couplet, the emotion is lingering, the tone is harmonious, and it is the family language. The Seven Laws of Writing are inevitably weak. ”
Here it is pointed out that the author is very fond of the "helpless" couplet, which is written in both words and seven laws. Zhang Zongxi, the author of the Chronicle of the Forest of Words, believes that "helpless" is a combination, "emotional entanglement, tone and harmony", which is the language of euphemistic words, and as a seven-law poem, it seems weak. Yan Shu's words belong to the gentle school, and the style is more gentle. The "helpless" combination, which belongs to the soft words, applies to the soft words, so it seems weak to use in the seven laws.
In this poem, the "helpless" couplet is the most famous. The benefits of this union are closely combined with the feelings expressed in the whole song. This poem writes that last year's people and events have passed, and it is impossible to come back, only last year's flowering season has arrived again, and last year's pavilion is still the same.
This kind of sentiment of being completely wrong is helpless. Speaking of "last year's weather" is back, this weather is the season of falling flowers, last year to "flowers falling" sighed "helpless", today to "flowers fall" more "helpless". This "helplessness" is combined with the exclamation of all personnel and personnel, which deepens this exclamation.
From "When does the sun set?" From a point of view, this "when to return" mainly refers to last year's people and things do not know when they can come back, mainly looking forward to last year's people coming back. But what I was looking forward to was just the return of the déjà vu swallow, which was better than nothing, and it was also a kind of helplessness. So helpless is to express the mood of this song, especially appropriate. As for the poem "Shizhang Temple", "Helpless flowers fall", but there is no helplessness for the flowers to fall, as far as the whole poem is concerned, it is said that meiliang garden is full of talents, and there is no other helpless feeling; only the familiarity of the return of the swallow, and there is no mood of looking forward to the return of others. Therefore, this union is a very appropriate expression of the author's mood in the word, but there is no such appropriate mood in the poem. As far as expressing the mood, this conjunction is also suitable for use in words.
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About author:Zhou Zhenfu (1911~2000), a native of Pinghu, Zhejiang. In 1932, he graduated from Wuxi Guoxue Vocational School. He has served as a proofreader of Shanghai Enlightened Bookstore, an editor of China Youth Publishing House, and an editor of Zhonghua Bookstore. He is a member of the first Kunming Literary Theory Society and a member of the Jinan Wenxin Sculpture Dragon Society. He began publishing in 1935. In 1962, he joined the Chinese Writers Association. He is the author of "Examples of Poetry", "Notes on wenxin carved dragons", "History of Chinese Rhetoric", "Appreciation of Mao Zedong's Poetry", etc., and his monographs are "Zhou Zhenfu Anthology".