◎ Science and Technology Daily reporter Wang Zhuhua
Scientific method + wisdom means, small scientific observatory releases "big energy"!
This is a national scientific observatory that is "hidden" in China's first "tropical rainforest" type of national park, which is rare in public view.
Video source: Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park
The persistence and inheritance of successive generations of forestry science and technology workers have made this small scientific observatory make extraordinary contributions to the exploration of China's tropical rainforest ecosystem, biodiversity survey, ecological protection and restoration and green development.
This is the Hainan Jianfengling Forest Ecosystem National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, also known as the Jianfengling Station.
Special identity "hidden in the wild"
Tropical rainforest resources are extremely scarce in China, and Hainan is the only province in China that is a tropical rainforest distribution area. It contains a variety of tropical endemic, China-endemic, Hainan-endemic rare species of flora and fauna, it is not only one of the world's 34 biodiversity hotspots, The key area for the conservation of tropical biodiversity in China, but also an important global germplasm resource gene bank, its conservation and research value is extraordinary.
Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.
Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park has a large delineation area spanning 4269 square kilometers, accounting for about 1/7 of the land area of Hainan Island. Jianfengling, Wuzhi mountain, Parrot Ridge, Monkey Macaque Ridge, BawangLing, Limu Mountain, Diaoluo Mountain and other famous mountains are within its scope.
Jianfengling Station is located in the Jianfengling forest area with a maximum altitude of more than 1400 meters, and is the most typical ecological monitoring and research platform for tropical forest ecosystems in China.
It is called "small" because there are only 2 people in the station at the lowest number of people; when the number of people is the highest, the total number is only 30 people. However, in terms of workspace, time span and depth of research, the small station has played a "big" role.
In the working space, the monitoring area of Jianfengling Station reached 600 km, and nearly 200 long-term dynamic monitoring plots of forests were established, including the two largest tropical forest vegetation dynamic monitoring plots (60 hectares of primary forest and 64 hectares of secondary forest) with the largest single area in the world, which constituted the Jianfengling Tropical Rainforest Ecological Quality Monitoring System, the Ecosystem Carbon Sink Capacity Monitoring System, the Biodiversity Monitoring Network System, the Forest Hydrology, Microclimate and Soil Monitoring Facilities.
The spike station is a monitoring device deployed in the primary forest.
In terms of time span, Jianfengling Station was officially established in 1986, and was approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology in 1999 to become one of the first nine national field stations in China, in fact, The work of Jianfengling Station can be traced back to 1957.
At present, its scientific research and monitoring data have not only become the background reference data at the beginning of the establishment of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, but also support the frontier of forestry scientific research such as the formation mechanism of tropical rainforest carbon sinks, the pattern of biodiversity change, the protection and restoration of tropical rainforest ecosystems, the conservation of rare tropical animals and plants, and the corresponding mechanism of tropical rainforest response to global climate change, providing data sharing and support services for more than 60 scientific research, teaching and government management departments at home and abroad.
"Through the deployment of the main station and auxiliary station system, the long-term monitoring and research on the structure and function of tropical forest ecosystems, and the long-term field monitoring data accumulated by the station provide positive and effective scientific and technological support for the country to cope with climate change." Chen Dexiang, a researcher at the Institute of Tropical Forestry of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and director of Jianfengling Station, said.
Technology supports "ecological ledger"
204.513 billion yuan, which is the total amount of GEP (Gross Ecosystem Product) accounting of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park released by the Information Office of the Hainan Provincial Government not long ago. Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park became the first national park to release THE RESULTS OF THE GEP accounting, which is considered to be a bridge between "green water and green mountains" and "jinshan yinshan".
"Monitoring - research - application - demonstration - service" is the chain of scientific and technological work of the ecological station. Behind this "hard-core" data, it is inseparable from the basic research results of Jianfengling Station.
"By studying the composition of woody plant communities in a 60-hectare sample of the Pinfengling tropical montane rainforest, we counted a total of 391686 individuals of trees with a chest diameter of 1.0 cm and above in the sample. In the last 2.5 years of survey time, we have photographed 46 species of wild animals, including the national first-level key protected wild animals - Hainan peacock pheasant, Hainan mountain partridge and Chinese pangolin..."
A few days ago, under the leadership of the staff of Jianfengling Station and the professional explanation of the road, the reporter shuttled through the depths of the rainforest to the field observation complex building of Jianfengling Station, and from the neat information cabinet of the office, the reporter turned out a handwritten meteorological observation record book of 1959. On the yellowed, hard and crisp paper, the meteorological fluctuation curve outlined by the time coordinate is still clearly visible, and the image of forestry researchers who are conscientious, meticulous and dedicated jumps on the paper.
"We started with manual observation and sampling, and we all walked up the mountain, each time we entered the mountain, a pen, a leather ruler was standard, plus dry food and tents, the conditions were very difficult, and now it can be said that the shotgun is replaced by a gun." Li Yide, who has been engaged in tropical rainforest research in Hainan for nearly 40 years, has won the first prize of the National Science and Technology Progress Award, and was rated as the third station manager of Jianfengling Station of the Ministry of Science and Technology as "National Field Science and Technology Worker Advanced Individual".
Li Yide (second from right) leads students to replenish their energy and exchange ideas between working in the rainforest.
Nowadays, the field survey data collection system developed by Jianfengling Station based on sample land and species information has realized efficient, high-quality collection and rapid storage of real-time monitoring data in the field at the site, and secondary processing of data products.
Inheriting and composing an "ecological chapter"
"The Hainan gibbon has grown from two remaining groups of less than 10 40 years ago to 35 in five groups now, the only population in the current gibbon taxa that has achieved stability and growth." "The capacity of forests to conserve water sources has been greatly improved, the capacity of carbon sequestration and oxygen release has been significantly improved, and the eco-tourism and forest health environment of tropical rainforests have become more and more excellent."
These updates on tropical rainforest protection, Dr. Li Yanpeng of Jianfengling Station, when he walks into the community and the school to bring science popularization classes, he must mention every lecture.
Screenshot of the 24-hour observation data system of the Pinnacle Station.
Li Yanpeng said that in addition to driving the public to protect rare and endangered wild animals and plants with practical actions, and telling the perseverance and dedication of the older generation of scientists, the science popularization work of Jianfengling Station should also actively popularize the scientific research and monitoring of the tropical rainforest ecosystem in Hainan with long-term, systematic and comprehensive characteristics.
Jianfengling Station is located in a tropical primary forest area, where researchers monitor and research for a long time, and need to have the spirit of taking root in the grassroots, bearing hardships and selfless dedication. For a long time, a group of ecological station staff have overcome various difficulties, written papers on the ground, and spread the scientific spirit and dedication to the scientific and technological community and the public, passing it on from generation to generation.
"Jianfengling Station has become a base for exercising and cultivating the pioneering, dedication, unity and innovative spirit of scientific and technological workers, and has an important demonstration and driving role in promoting scientific ethics and purifying the scientific research environment." Chen Dexiang said.
In Chen Dexiang's work plan, Jianfengling Station will undertake important tasks in the construction of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park in the future, not only to establish an integrated monitoring system of "heaven and earth and space", but also to further strengthen major scientific research and scientific and technological achievements and applications such as tropical rainforest and Hainan gibbon biodiversity conservation.
Source: Science and Technology Daily The picture in the article is provided by the Hainan Jianfengling Forest Ecosystem National Field Science Observation and Research Station
Editor: Wang Yu
Review: Julie
Final Judge: Liu Haiying