Discovered in 2013 in Jiangxi Zhangshu Guozishan Tomb, there have been new discoveries and research results recently. On the afternoon of December 26, more than 30 experts from the national archaeological community jointly demonstrated the archaeological excavation results of the Guozishan Tomb in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The reporter learned from the discussion meeting that the excavation of the tomb of Zhangshu Guozishan is a major breakthrough in archaeology in the Eastern Zhou Period in Jiangxi in recent years, and the owner of the tomb may be related to the Yue King's Goujian.
Guozishan Tomb is located in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty large city site - the top of the hill about 300 meters west of the site of the Acropolis, since 2017, the Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Zhangshu City Museum composed of the Guozishan Archaeological Team has carried out excavations and research on the Guozishan tomb and the surrounding areas.
The outer perimeter of the Guozishan tomb is surrounded by a nearly rectangular ditch about 80 meters long from east to west and about 63 meters wide from north to south. The tomb is an east-west zigzag vertical pit tomb. There are sloped burial passages on the east and west sides. The chamber is about 13.5 meters long from east to west, 11.4 meters wide from north to south, and about 2 meters high. The rafter chamber consists of a cushion wood below, a base plate, a perimeter side panel, an internal column, and an upper cover plate. It has been identified that nan wood is used in all parts of the rafters. The lid is covered with multiple layers of golden yellow veneer cut from fir wood. The chamber is divided into 25 chambers by partitions and columns. Except for the middle row, which is slightly misaligned due to the placement of the main coffin, the compartments are arranged neatly and orderly. There are 7 coffins placed in the rafters, of which the main coffin is located in the middle of the rafters, which is a ship-shaped single wooden coffin, 3.66 meters long and 1.22 meters wide. The remaining 6 are funerary coffins.
Although the tomb was disturbed by early theft, more than 2,600 sets of artifacts were still excavated in each chamber. These include a kite with a total length of 2.3 meters, the longest kite unearthed in a pre-Qin tomb, and a bronze dove-shaped scepter that was previously only seen in the Wuyue Cultural Area in the lower Reaches of the Yangtze River.
The most important thing is the two bronze ge (halberds) with the inscription "Yue Wang" excavated from the tomb. According to expert research, the owners of the instruments were one of the sons of Xuansun Fei and Yi of the Yue King. Experts deduce from the excavated cultural relics that the tomb of Guozishan is dated to the middle of the Warring States period, and the owner of the tomb has a high status.
Cao Jinyan, a professor at Zhejiang University, said: "It should be said that from the perspective of many factors such as the structure of the tomb and the cultural relics buried with it, it should be the tomb of the Yue kingdom, so what you see in this tomb is the large tomb of the Yue royal family and nobles, not the general small tomb, so it has such a noble rank." ”
Tian Zhengbiao, a researcher at the Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, said: "For example, the dove staff (bronze dove staff sitting on the humanoid upset) excavated in the tomb, I think it should be a symbol of the identity of the tomb owner, and like in our Zhejiang Yue tomb may see more primitive porcelain musical instruments, in this tomb unearthed bronze town, obviously also means that the tomb level is very high, especially the two bronzes with inscriptions that may be related to the identity of the tomb owner, not only for us to know the identity of the tomb owner, His rank should be said to be very important information. ”
Xu Lianggao, a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the leader of the archaeological excavation of the zhangshu Guozishan tomb in Jiangxi, said: "The rulers and discoveries shown in the tomb should have a very close relationship with the Yue King. ”
Zhangshu Guozishan Tomb: The largest archaeological discovery in Jiangxi Province so far In the Eastern Zhou Dynasty tombs, the academic value is extremely important
According to reports, the Guozishan tomb is the largest archaeological discovery in Jiangxi so far in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty tomb. The tomb reflects the characteristics of the fusion and coexistence of various cultural factors such as Yue culture, Chu culture, and Qunshu culture. The excavation of the tomb is a new breakthrough in the archaeology of Vietnamese and Vietnamese culture, and has important academic significance for the study of Vietnamese history.
Xu Lianggao, a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the leader of the archaeological excavation of the tomb of Zhangshu Guozishan in Jiangxi, said: "I think a very important significance is to fill the gap in the history of the Warring States in Jiangxi, and it should be said that from archaeology to write the history of the pre-Qin in Jiangxi, it should be said that the most important batch of physical materials is provided." In addition, I think everyone has seen the diversity of cultures, indicating that this place in Jiangxi has long been the intersection of east-west, south-north and multiplicity, and it is also an open area, so it will finally integrate the cultural level into the process of pluralistic integration. ”
Wang Wei, a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and chairman of the Chinese Archaeological Society, said: "It should be said that it is a major discovery in the archaeology of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in our country in recent years, especially the color of yue culture, the yue culture has developed here and formed a very distinctive culture, so I think this excavation concept is advanced, the work is excellent, the harvest is fruitful, and the significance is significant." It is of great significance for studying the formation of our unified surrounding countries, the study of the Yue culture known as Baiyue, the face of culture, and the relationship between Chu and Qunshu. ”
Tian Zhengbiao, a researcher at the Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Zhejiang Province, pointed out: "The excavation of the Guozishan Tomb has indeed given us a new perspective, and has also attracted the attention of more scholars engaged in The study of Yue culture, that is, we originally knew that the Chinese and Vietnamese culture may have to be re-examined, our Yue culture is also colorful, this area will become a long-term archaeological work hotspot, only long-term continuous archaeological work, the face of the Yue culture in our region will become more and more wonderful." ”
(Source: Jiangxi Metropolis Channel Editor: Xiao Zhen)