Living at home to contribute to the country, do not run around and cause trouble for the government. Prepare to sort out some of your own things, write a series of articles on Shu Dao, write wherever you want, there is no order, everyone is interested in it.
My interest in Qinling began with the study of Shu Dao, many years ago I liked to study the "Ode to the Stone Gate", the opening chapter is "Gao Zu was ordained, prosperous in Hanzhong, the Tao from the meridian, out and out into Qin", I will first write the meridian road.
First, when to build
Meridian Road was first found in the Book of Han in the Eastern Han Dynasty Ban Gu, and in Wang Mang's biography it is written that Wang Mang was in power at that time, and in order to give his daughter who was an empress "with descendants", he excavated the Meridian Road from Chang'an to Liang Han.
Many people disagree with this statement or have different interpretations, here I will talk about my understanding.
From the "Ode to the Stone Gate", it can be seen that the Meridian Road was opened up and applied at least at the time of the Qin and Han Dynasties, as for this name, it may be named by Wang Mang, and everyone knows that Wang Mang is a "name change demon".
In the past few days, Xi'an has said "Chang'an Chang'an", and at that time Wang Mang changed "Chang'an" to "Chang'an". The most bizarre thing is that the name of one place is changed five times a year, and finally changed to the original name, and even its own country name has been changed twice.
The new Mang regime is very short, the road construction is a national project, according to the engineering ability of the Qin and Han Dynasties, the short term is not good, so Wang Mang is to give this road a name, and then the credit will go to him, there are talents!
In ancient times, the north was called "Zi" and the south was "Noon", and the name of "Meridian Road" was because the northern end of this road entered the Meridian Valley from the south of Han Chang'an City (the Meridian Ridge of the Qin Straight Road in northern Shaanxi is also agreed).
In fact, there are not many roads north and south of meridian road. Our current Meridian Yu is from Nandoujiao Village, Meridian Town, Chang'an District, after crossing the "Zuogong Bridge", looking east to Xiaowutai, west through jinxian Temple, on the Wudaoliang, Lujieping to the 210 National Road feeding Ziping (formerly written Qiao Ziping, Qiao wèi Stone Mill: "Zhaozhi Milling." "）。
I will not write the Golden Immortal Temple, I will not write, the previous article has been written.
Second, about the location of the meridian pass
National Highway 210 is familiar to everyone, all the way to the watershed Guanggang Street. Here is a thing that makes historians very grumpy, that is, the conclusion about "Meridian Pass" is almost to curse Wang Mang's eight generations of ancestors to death.
If the meridian pass is in meridian yu as the name suggests, it will be troublesome, and the famous Qing Dynasty historical geographer Gu Zuyu spent more than 30 years compiling the "Minutes of Reading the History of Fang Public Opinion", which believes that the "meridian pass" is in meridian yu, and if you know about Wang Mang's "riot operation", you will have the heart of Wang Mang's tomb.
The entrance of the Meridian Road is in Meridian Yu, but the Meridian Pass is in Fengyu, which is now the Shiyang Pass of the 210 National Highway in Fengyu.
I have entered Meridian Yu many times, and I have never seen a place that can be used as a "hundred and two Xiongguan", only Shiyang Pass, which enters from Fengyu to the watershed, can be called this.
Tang Dynasty Yang Ning's "Sending Guests into Shu" poem Yun:
Between the dreams of the Sword Pavilion, pedestrians return to the road around Liangshan.
The Ming Dynasty rode a horse and shook the whip, and the autumn rain locust flowers were meridian off.
There is also the meridian pass mentioned by Li Bai and others, which shows the great fame of the meridian pass.
People who often enter the mountain should be no stranger to Shiyangguan, crossing a bridge from the east side of the Fengyu River, on a huge stone wall carved three big characters "Shiyangguan", here is very dangerous, every time I want to stop the car to take a photo do not dare, only a few times when riding a bicycle, only take a few photos.
The local proverb says: "Stone sheep close, ghost door close, enter the door must give your life to heaven." "This is no nonsense.
3. Destinations south of meridian road.
If the Shu Dao is all leading to the Shu Land, this will kill the heavens, and the following text should not be read.
The destination to which the Meridian Road leads is said to be Hanzhong and ankang. In fact, these two statements are consistent: Hanzhong is an well-being.
Don't worry about seeing this, I'm not talking about now. "Hanzhong County" was first established by the State of Chu during the Warring States period, and its name was still used after qin occupation, and the county rule of this Hanzhong County was in the current Ankang.
Surprised, surprised?
Of course, the Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, and the Hanzhong of the Western Han Dynasty is now Ankang. The current city of Hanzhong was called Nanzheng at that time, and it was a county under Hanzhong County.
Pinghe Liang scenery
After passing through Guanggang Street, Jiangkou Town, Yueheliang, Taishan Temple, Longwang Town, and Iron Furnace Dam, we arrived in Hanyin County, all the way to the current Hanbin District of Ankang City, that is, to the "Hanzhong" at that time. The ruins of the ancient city of Chihe Town are known locally as "HanWang City".
Of course, this road is also called meridian old road or meridian east road, that is to say, there is a meridian east road, from the town of Jiangkou in Ningshan into the Moon River Valley Good Xunyang Dam, over the Pinghe Liang into the Chang'an River Valley, to the county seat of Ningshan County, Lianghekou, and then to the meridian town of Xixiang County, yes, no mistake, is the meridian town, in order to distinguish from the meridian town of Chang'an, also known as the South Meridian Town, here whether it is to go to the current Ankang or to Hanzhong is very convenient.
This is my point of view, of course, every line has a lot of side lines, a lot of sources say that there are many lines, I agree with it, but I will only say my point of view.
The current 210 National Highway is basically along the new line (the western line), and the road from Yueheliang to Zhen'an that I have run before (this road is very well built, but the name of the line I can't say, as I wrote in the previous article), is part of the eastern line.
In short, the destination of Meridian Road is the current Ankang rather than the current Hanzhong City. To add a little: Xi'an Meridian Valley Mouth is located at 108 degrees 52 minutes east longitude, and Ankang City is also located at 108 degrees 50 minutes east longitude, which is basically the meridian direction of due south and north compared with Xi'an Meridian Valley Mouth.
Fourth, "The Darkness of the Ming Cultivation Trail Chen Cang" is the one that is repaired.
First of all, in Mr. Li Zhiqin's point of view: "Ming Xiu Zhan Dao Darkness Chen Cang" is unfounded in history, and it is widely circulated in yuan miscellaneous dramas, that is to say, this is a folk story.
If we look at the history, gaozu benji in the "Records of History" records this: "In the summer and April, under the strike of the princes, each took up his own country, and 30,000 people were sent from the King of Han to ,...... From Dunant into the eclipse. Go burn the trail..."
However, the "Records of History" also said that "the kingdom of the King of Han, the praise of good delivery", and then Zhang Liang persuaded to burn the boardwalk.
That is to say, the same book, the content of the record is not the same, which will make it difficult for future generations of historians to die.
I take Professor Shi Nianhai's statement: Liu Bang went to Hanzhong to "eclipse", and as for sending Zhang Liang, it was already after Liu Bang arrived in Hanzhong, from Hanzhong to Zhongzhong. This explanation is perfect.
At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, there was no name for meridian road, can you be sure where this "eclipse" is? This expert discussed it with great pleasure, and all kinds of theories are more metaphysical, and I said from the word "Dunan" that from the location of the Afang Palace at that time, and considering that when Sima Qian wrote the "History", Chang'an City was already under the heavens, and it was believed that the so-called "Eclipse" was the later Meridian Road.
Although the main history does not write about the cultivation of the boardwalk, since it is verified that it was burned on the meridian road, then the legendary "repair of the boardwalk" in later generations must have been repaired in the meridian road.
What a perfect explanation.
The "Ode to the Stone Gate" is from the Eastern Han Dynasty, not far from the Western Han Dynasty, and it is recognized that Liu Bang was the ancestor, "Gao Zu was appointed to flourish in Hanzhong, and the Tao was scattered from the meridian to Qin", which is also a strong evidence.
Fifth, the Three Kingdoms Wei Yan suggested a surprise attack on Chang'an from the Meridian Dao, why did Zhuge Liang not take it?
The question is too simple, so let's just say it briefly. First, it is said that the Meridian Road is in the east of Hanzhong, far from the base camp of the Shu Han; the second is that the mountain road of the Meridian Road is too long to keep up with the supply of materials.
Why Zhuge Liang first took Long Right and then attacked Chang'an was to solve the problem of grain and grass supply; and Cao Wei had repeatedly marched from meridian road, which was close to their stronghold Chang'an, and there was no such problem.
To sum up: Meridian Road was built early and named very late. Meridian Road was first led to the current Ankang, the earliest Ankang was called Hanzhong County, and later Liu Bang, because of strategic considerations, traced the Han River west to "Dunan Zheng", and gradually Nan zheng became the strategic center, so the Meridian Road was gradually divided into two lines in the south. In this way, the Ming Cultivation Trail is basically determined to be the Meridian Road.