The Tang Dynasty was founded nearly three hundred years ago, and its land area exceeded 12 million square kilometers in its heyday, covering a wide area, far away from the Han and Sui Dynasties. During this period, the four foreign nationalities paid tribute to the Tang Dynasty one after another, and even small countries in the western region came thousands of miles to "recognize relatives" and formed a friendship with the Tang Dynasty. This country is the region of the upper Yenisei River in present-day Siberia, north of the Sayan Ridge, and south of the Angara River.
It is the ancestor of the Kyrgyz people of today's Central Asia, known as Jiankun in ancient times, and its historical origin with China began in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. At that time, the "flying general" Li Guang's grandson and famous general Li Ling led 5,000 infantry deep into the territory of the Xiongnu to investigate the enemy's situation, and as a result, on the way back, they were surrounded by 80,000 iron horses of the enemy army, and although they fought desperately and bloodily, they were finally captured because they were outnumbered, and soon because their family was destroyed by Emperor Wu of Han, they surrendered to the Xiongnu. Moreover, Marquis Shan Yu admired Li Ling's martial courage, and not only recruited him as a donkey, but also made him the Right Colonel King, ruling the subordinate state Jiankun for generations.
Li Ling, a famous general of the Han Dynasty, was his ancestor
The People of the Grecos belong to the White Race of Central Asia, and their most obvious appearance features are red hair and green eyes. After Li Ling and his descendants settled in Jiankun, in order to maintain the purity of their bloodlines, they almost did not intermarry with the local natives, so they still maintained the appearance characteristics of black hair and black eyes for hundreds of years, which were very similar to the residents of the Central Plains ("Everyone grows up, red hair, face analysis, green pupils, and black hair is ominous." Those with black pupils will also be known as the Lingmiao descendants. See New Book of Tang, vol. 217" (217)."
Although it had a long history with China, it was not until the Tang Dynasty that it established contact with the Central Plains. In the twenty-second year of Zhenguan (648), following the conquest of the Tang Dynasty by the Tang Dynasty by the two great desert tribes of the Eastern Turks and Xueyantuo, the road to the Tang Dynasty was opened. The chieftain of the Tang Dynasty, Que Ah Zhan, admired the prestige of the Heavenly Dynasty, so he traveled thousands of miles to China to pay tribute to Emperor Taizong of Tang.
The chieftain of Tang Dynasty worshipped and befriended Emperor Taizong of Tang
Tang Taizong set up a banquet in the Tiancheng Hall to entertain the lost bowl Qu Azhan and others, and during the banquet, he saw that the vast majority of the people in the mission were red-haired and green-eyed, and only a few people such as the lost bowl Qu Azhan were black-haired and black-eyed, and after feeling surprised, he asked him the reason, only to learn that he was after Li Ling. Because the Tang Dynasty recognized Li Guang as an ancestor and naturally regarded Li Linghou as a relative, Tang Taizong was very happy to learn of this history, and listed Li Guang as an ally of the same ethnic group and gave him special courtesy.
After the success of the "recognition of relatives" by Qu Azhan, he asked Emperor Taizong of Tang to grant him an official position, claiming that if he could return to China with the title of King Wat, it would be an honor for Baidai. Emperor Taizong of Tang agreed to his request and set up the Governor's Mansion of Jiankun in Tangas, and appointed The Lost Bowl Qu Azhan as the Governor of Yanran. After the end of the pilgrimage, the lost bowl Qu Azhan returned with a full load, and since then it has become the most loyal ally of the Tang Dynasty.
Twenty-two years later, Wen Tiele and others had already entered the court, that is, they sent emissaries to offer fang goods, and their chieftain Qi Lifa lost his bowl and entered the dynasty, and Emperor Taizong enjoyed it... The emperor used his land as Jiankun Province, and worshiped the great general of Zuotun Wei, who was the governor of The Capital, and was under the protection of Yanran. Ibid.
The Tang Dynasty established the Governor's Mansion of Jiankun in Tang Dynasty
For more than a hundred years, Tang Dynasty maintained friendly relations with the Tang Dynasty. During the reigns of Emperor Gaozong and Emperor Zhongzong of Tang, Emperor Gaozong came to the court twice and received a grand reception. Especially during the zhongzong period, he not only reaffirmed his friendship with the same sect with The Emperor, but also gave special courtesy to the emissaries of the country, who were moved to kneel down and thank him one after another ("In the Jinglong, offerings, Zhongzong led the emissary Lao Zhizhi: 'And the kingdom is the same as me, not it is compared.'" 'The genus is wine, and the messenger is bowed. See Old Book of Tang, vol. 217).
Since he had the same friendship with the Tang Dynasty, he would naturally regard the affairs of the Central Plains as a "family affair", and whenever the Tang Dynasty encountered foreign invasion, he would always send troops to assist, and he was the most trusted ally of the Tang Dynasty in the western region. During the years of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and Emperor Wuzong of Tang, the Central Plains were plagued by the Later Turks and Uighurs, and although the country was small and widowed, he always risked the fall of the country to rescue the Tang Dynasty, which made the latter very moved.
The Uighurs attacked the Uighurs and the Uighurs moved west
During the Qianyuan period (758-760), because the Qijiasi was defeated and conquered by the Hui (later renamed uighurs), coupled with the continuous war in the Central Plains after the Anshi Rebellion, its road to the Tang Dynasty was interrupted for more than eighty years ("Qianyuanzhong, broken by the Hui, could not pass through China.) Ibid.), it was not until the Tang Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty successfully attacked the Uighurs that the two sides re-established contact.
In 843, after opening the passage with the Central Plains, Emperor Wuzong sent envoys to Tang again, and while reiterating the friendship between the clans, asked Tang Wuzong to be canonized. Emperor Wuzong of Tang agreed to Emperor Wuzong's request and appointed zhao fan as an envoy to appease the emperor and send him to the country with the Book of the Khan of the Emperor. The letter reaffirms the friendship between the two countries, and it reads: "After hearing the origin of the Khan's clan, he is of the same ethnic group as me, and after the country inherits the Beiping Taishou, the Khan is of the Miao ethnic group of duwei." In this way, the family, the dignity and inferiority can be known..."
During the reign of Emperor Wuzong of Tang, the Tang Dynasty resumed its contacts with Emperor Wuzong
Two years later, Emperor Wuzong of Tang prepared to send emissaries again and officially crowned Emperor Wuchengming Khan of the Emperor Wucheng, but before the matter could be implemented, he gave up due to the death of Emperor Wuzong. Two years later (847), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, who succeeded Emperor Wuzong as emperor, successfully sent envoys and sent envoys to crown Emperor Wus Khan as "Heroic Anding Emperor Chengming Khan". After that, the tang dynasty and the Tang Dynasty maintained a period of contact, until the end of the Tang Dynasty wars and chaos, Hexi Tubo and Uighurs raged, the road to the Central Plains was once again cut off, and the two countries broke off contact again.