Yongzheng Dynasty
In the historical drama "Yongzheng Dynasty", after the fourth brother Yinchen ascended to the throne, he immediately did a big thing, that is, Kai Enke took the rank of the country, because the new emperor knew that talent was the foundation of the country, and he specially appointed Zhang Tinglu to preside over the examination, placing great expectations on him.
Unfortunately, this matter was smashed and became the laughing stock in the eyes of the Yongzheng Emperor's political enemies: Zhang Tinglu failed to live up to the holy grace, was instructed by the crown prince Hongshi, and committed favoritism and fraud, causing irreparable losses to the Luncai Ceremony of the "Holy Dynasty". Finally, the Iron Mask Emperor Yongzheng disregarded Zhang Tinglu's son Zhang Ying, the former chancellor of the dynasty, and the younger brother of zhang Tingyu, the current chancellor, and ordered Zhang Tinglu to be beheaded, and replaced Li Fu, who dared to enforce the law impartially, as the chief examiner, so that the order of the state in selecting talents and taking soldiers could be maintained.
Zhang Tinglu
The above plot is particularly attractive, with ups and downs, and countless fans for the "fourth master" Yongzheng circle. The TV series is wonderful enough, but it is not true. Although Zhang Tinglu in history influenced his career in the Henan boycott case, he quickly rose up and continued to be the rebbe of the Ceremonial Attendant of Zhengerpin, and did not die peacefully until the tenth year of Qianlong, and was also praised as "
Three dynasty old courtiers, backward model
", "WenDuan".
Although Zhang Tinglu was killed for scientific expedition fraud, it is true that the Qing Dynasty cracked down on the science field many times. In order to increase the cost of breaking the law and deter those who dared to test the law by example, the Emperor of the Calendar did not hesitate to let the heads of the adulterers fall to the ground many times, and among these people, the highest ranking person was a university scholar, Zheng Yipin, a very popular subject, and an out-and-out prime minister.
This unfortunate prime minister is the protagonist of the famous "Pengwu Kechang Case" and one of the few prime ministers in history who was killed for scientific expedition fraud.
Bai Ye calligraphy
Bai Ye is not a Han chinese, nor a Manchu, but a blue flag from the Mongolian Eight Banners. He read particularly well, he was a jinshi in the sixth year of Daoguang (1826), because of his good grades, he entered the ranks of the Shujishi known as the "Prime Minister Training Class" and was awarded the Hanlin Academy for editing. Because he was particularly cautious and honest and fair, he mixed well in the official field, and gradually rose to the top of his career, and finally ascended to the position of prime minister, was appointed as a scholar of WenyuanGe University, and began the peak of his life.
After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, there were six compositions of the university scholar and chancellor team, commonly known as the "Three Halls and Three Pavilions": Bohol Hall, Wenhua Hall, Wuying Hall, Wenyuan Pavilion, Tiren Pavilion, East Pavilion, although the ranking of university scholars is in order, but the level is the same, all are Zhengyipin, Zhengguo level. Bai Yao mixed up to this level, he was already an extremely popular courtier, and he had no choice but to ask for anything else. If he persists in this way, he will certainly be able to survive in the position of prime minister until he leaves the post, that is, "Wen Zheng" cannot get it, and "Wen Zhong" may be able to fight for it.
But no one thought that Bai Bao had planted it, planted on a seemingly inconspicuous thing.
Wenyuan Pavilion
In the eighth year of Xianfeng, that is, in 1858, Bai Yao was ordered to preside over the Suncheonfu Township Examination, which was not yet the highest level of the national imperial examination, and its purpose was to select people who were elected once every three years. The Qing Dynasty examination was roughly divided into three levels, the child examination to select talents, the township examination elector, will try to select the jinshi, as for the thousands of candidates dream of the palace examination, the essence is that the emperor Lao Er personally presided over the ranking of the jinshi, the first three, that is, the champion, the list eye, the tanhua, the jinshi and the first; the second a number of names, give the jinshi origin; the third a number, give the same jinshi origin. The above three levels are all advanced soldiers regardless of rank.
Bai Yao presided over such a small township test, but the location was in the Beijing area. Assisting him in presiding over the examination was also accompanied by two important figures, one was Zhu Fengbiao, the Shangshu of the Bingbu, and the other was Cheng Tinggui, the left deputy capital of the Imperial History and the Attendant of the Household Department. The lineup of presiding officials is really strong enough, a university scholar who is zhengyipin, a six-part official from Yipin, and a waiter from Erpin, because the general township examination is presided over by a certain province.
Exam
The examination went on as usual, and there was no indication that this would be the most famous case in the history of the Qing Empire, and the prime minister Bai Bao did not realize that not only was his official to the end, but his life was coming to an end.
In September of that year, the list was issued after the exam, and the problem came. A month later, Yu Shimeng passed on a letter to reveal a person. This person's name is Pingling, the test score is 7th, the person's test paper ink is problematic, and the transcribed paper is very different from the original volume. The Xianfeng Emperor attached great importance to it and ordered on the spot that Prince Zaiyuan of Yi should thoroughly investigate it—this is nothing, it is normal, any examination may be exposed, there will be some small problems, most of them will not be resolved--Bai Yao thought so, plus he did not think that he had made any principled mistakes in the examination.
Liang Jiahui piece Xianfeng Emperor
Prince Yi Zaiyuan - that is, the descendant of the old thirteen Yunxiang in the "Yongzheng Dynasty", went to check, and a check really found a problem - the identity of the candidate named Pingling is not ordinary, it is actually a mixed entertainment circle, now called a star or actor, used to be called a drama! This is a serious problem, a drama, how to conceal the identity of the fool to pass the exam? Got the 7th place! There is no professional discrimination in our exam today, as long as the grades are good enough, no matter which line you are in, but the Qing Dynasty is not ok, and the drama cannot take the exam, because the drama belongs to the lower nine at that time, the social status is extremely low, and it is not eligible to take the examination for state civil servants.
After Prince Zaiyuan of Yi checked it, he found that it was not only one person of the same age who had the problem, but more than fifty people! The Xianfeng Emperor was greatly enraged, and immediately ordered that Bai Bao, the university scholar who presided over the examination, Zhu Fengbiao, the Shangshu of the Bingbu Department, and the left deputy capital, Yushi Chengtinggui, be shuanggui and wait to be dealt with. The emperor was very sad, the country was in ruins, the people were displaced, the great powers were pressing forward step by step, the rebellion was raging in the southeast, and he had been emperor for 8 years, and the situation was getting worse and worse. It seems that the chaotic world must use heavy codes, correction is inevitable to be overcorrected, and it seems that it is impossible to cure this old disease without strong medicine!
List
The determined Xianfeng Emperor immediately set up a special task force with staggering ranks: Prince Zaiyuan of Yi (Iron Hat King), Prince Zheng Duanhua (Iron Hat King), Official Shangshu Quanqing (from Yipin) and Bingbu Shangshu Chen Fuen (from Yipin). Two Iron Hat Kings, two One Pin Masters. After the establishment of the special case group, Bai Yao may also have noticed that the problem was serious, he entered the garden to ask to see the emperor, but the emperor did not see, and sent someone to send a message to him: we must believe in the organization, believe in justice, can commute to work normally, there is no need to meet, avoid suspicion.
The high-level task force interrogated Pingling, Pingling shouted that I was wronged, I am not a professional actor, usually play tickets, how can I say that I am a drama? However, the special case team is not concerned about his drama, but the problem of different inkblots: the paper written by the examinee himself is an ink scroll, and in order to prevent the examiner from seeing the candidate's information, the paper shown to the examiner should block the name and transcribe it with a Zhu pen. On the ink and Zhu scrolls of the ordinary age, there are too many problems, there are many typos, and the poems are not comprehensible, but on the Zhu scrolls, many errors have been corrected! Fools can see that there is catnip in it.
Temple test
The Xianfeng Emperor realized that the problem was serious, and he ordered the members of the special case team, Zhao Guang, the Shangshu of the Punishment Department, and some experts and scholars to hold a closed meeting to sift through all the examination papers in the Shuntianfu Township Examination like a sieve, one by one! This screening problem is even bigger, and it was found that there are more than 50 test papers with problems, and the most serious one actually has more than 300 typos! The Xianfeng Emperor was completely blinded, what is wrong with my Great Qing Kingdom, how can it be that even the foundation of a country like Keju is rotten to the root?
Xian Fengsheng was furious, and he swept the three chief examiners to the end, demanding that the Organization and Personnel Department (the Ministry of Officials) must find out that the case was out of the water, no matter how big the official position of the person involved, no matter how high the knighthood, no matter how much merit, no matter how complicated the relationship, there was one count, it was better to kill a thousand in vain, not to let one person slip through the net. Under the emperor's repeated strict orders, the officials' handling opinions were issued, but the Xianfeng Emperor was almost angry when he saw it: the talents suspected of fraud were stripped of their meritorious names and were not allowed to take the examination again; the three chief examiners were dismissed from their posts and fined.
Bo Yao
Are you tickling? Are you punishing corruption or encouraging it? The cost of breaking the law is so low, a little benefit will be twisted! The Xianfeng Emperor threw the book back: Retrial, I want flies and tigers to fight together!
The special case team had to retry, in fact, the facts of the case were already clear, Bai Ye, as the chief examiner, did have a problem, but this problem can be big or small, raise your hand high, he has nothing; if he is strict, it is difficult to say. To put it simply, there is a candidate named Luo Hongxuan, the level is not good, but the family has money, his test results are not good, And Bai Bao plans to eliminate him. However, Luo Hongxuan asked Bai Bao's protégé Jin Qiang for money, and Jin Qiang interceded with Bai Bao, who should not have promised Jin Qiang to let Luo Hongxuan pass, and he was not jointly and severally responsible for management, but blatantly got rid of the bag: If you let Luo Hongxuan get on, there will inevitably be a candidate who should have been selected to be replaced.
As for the ten years of the substituted candidates fed the dogs, the atmosphere of the examination room in the Qing Dynasty further deteriorated, the emperor's authority was once again punched in the face, and so on, Bai Ye did not think about it, even if he thought about it, he did not take it seriously. And a few parties only took two or three hundred taels of silver - selling a person's future, only for these hundreds of taels of silver, but the person who can be replaced, ruined is a lifetime!
Bribery
Prince Zaiyuan of Yi saw that the emperor was really angry, so he had to go to business, and wrote to the relevant responsible persons to be punished, beaten, and put into the cell, but the chief examiner Bai Bao, he could not move, Bai Ye's level was too high, this had to ask the emperor's holy will, he just provided the advice handed over by the Punishment Department: Bai Ye knew that the law was broken, favoritism and fraud, and failed to live up to the holy grace, and the verdict: Cut and decide. But at this time, the Xianfeng Emperor hesitated, he had been thinking about it for many days and had no idea. Such a high level, such a big learning, such a good official voice, it is not easy to do anything! Bai Yao did this, first, not for money, because he did not fish for a penny, nor for fame, he was wrong to listen to the words of the doorman Jin Qiang for a while, and even the dismissal and punishment were a bit too much, how to say that he was an old revolutionary, capable, clean, and learned, so prestigious, is the cadre of the country!
The Xianfeng Emperor, who was undecided, held a pre-imperial meeting to discuss what to do. He handed over the opinion of the Punishment Department to everyone for public consultation, and asked, "Has Bai Ye been wronged?" ”
Imperial Council
This meaning is obvious, at this time, as long as a person stands up and shouts for Bai Ye's grievances, he can go down the slope of the donkey and fall lightly, after all, Bai Ye is still a good cadre, there are mistakes are inevitable, you can give him a chance in line with the principle of "punishing the former and the latter, curing the disease and saving people", treat the cadres who have made mistakes, and cannot be beaten to death with a stick!
To XianFeng's surprise, Manchu Wenwu listened to his words, and none of them said a word, all standing there, their eyes looking at their toes, and what the emperor said, they didn't seem to hear. After a long time, a minister stepped forward and said, "The minister has something to say!" ”
"It's finally here!" Emperor Xianfeng thought in his heart, he was a little excited, after all, he was not an emperor who liked to kill people, especially killing such a prime minister who was good at both talent and integrity. But when he saw who it was, he couldn't laugh, because of the submissiveness of this person who stood up.
Su Shun in "Burning the Yuanmingyuan"
Su Shun was the first powerful figure in the dynasty, and after Prince Zilharang of Zheng, although the official was not called the best, but only a six-part official from Yipin, he had not yet become a co-founder (vice premier) at that time, but his influence was the first person in the imperial court. Prince Zaiyuan of Yi and Duanhua the Prince of Zheng (Sushun's brother) were only small followers in front of Sushun. Although he was a Manchu, he knew very well that he had to learn and understand, and the Hidden Dragon and Crouching Tiger among the Han people were far from being comparable to the Manchus. Therefore, he vigorously recommended Zeng Guofan to take power to suppress the Taiping Army, if it were not for Sushun, there would be no Xiang army of Zeng Guofan, there would be no Tongzhi Zhongxing, and perhaps the Qing Dynasty would have withdrawn from the stage of history half a century earlier.
Xian Feng saw Su Shun coming out of the line and inhaled a cool breath, he knew Su Shun's ability too well, and at the same time he was too clear about Su Shun's position. He, Prince Zaiyuan of Yi, and Duanhua the Prince of Zheng were anti-Bai Ye iron triangles, Su Shun was out, probably Bai Ye's life was not guaranteed, at the same time, he also knew why Manchu Wenwu was not willing to say a word for Bai Ye, because there was Su Shun in them.
Zeng Guofan
Su Shun said: Bai Ye knows that the law is broken, hurts the dignity of the imperial court, hurts the face of the emperor, hurts the society and the world, as the prime minister, he cannot rectify the law, but knows the law and breaks the law, not killing is not enough for the people to be angry, not killing is not enough to strengthen the prestige of the country, increase the cost of breaking the law, so that those who come after him do not have the courage to test the law by himself, so that Bai Ye must die!
Xian Feng thought about it again and again and sighed, "Well, then do as the previous Punishment Department advises." "The opinion of the Ministry of Punishment shall be decided. Xianfeng issued an announcement warning those who were eager to move: "
The science field is a great ceremony for talents, traffic fraud, and strict regulations. There is no one who dares to test the Fa by example. I don't want To be a big member of the Board of Directors, gu en defiance of the law, as for so
！”
After expressing firm support for the Opinion of the Ministry of Punishment, the Xianfeng Emperor also expressed his tender side, saying: "
Although the circumstances of the offerings are excusable, the law is difficult to forgive. Thinking of this, I can't help but weep!
”
Prince Gong Yixuan
At this point, the sensational Pengwuke field case came to an end, which involved 91 people: 5 people were beheaded, and the rest were punished with various punishments. It is said that the conclusion of this case has made the chaotic order of the field for many years a new one... This case is similar to the Ding Youke Field Case in the fourteenth year of Shunzhi and the Xin JiaoKe Field Case in the Fifty Years of Kangxi, and is known as the Three Major Science Field Cases of the Qing Dynasty. The "Zhang Tinglu Kechang Fraud Case" in "Yongzheng Dynasty" is not serious compared with the above three cases.
Finally, it is said that the end of the three imperial court leaders who advocated the execution of Bai Yao to death: Before the Xianfeng Emperor died, he made a will by Zaiyuan the Prince of Yi, Duanhua the Prince of Zheng, and SuShun, the assistant university scholar, and eight other people who took charge of the chancellor and held great power, as a result, Xianfeng's body was not cold, and prince Yixuan of Gong and Empress Dowager Cixi, who were circling around in Beijing and foreigners, conspired to seize power, executed Zaiyuan, Duanhua, and Sushun, and successfully ascended to the throne, and China began the rule of Empress Dowager Cixi for half a century.
Curtain down to listen to the government
After the Tongzhi Emperor ascended the throne, the power of Sushun and others had been purged, and there was a royal history petition to ask Bai Yao Zhaoxue, and after investigation, a coffin was made on the Bai Bao Peng Wu Kechang case: Bai Ye was not innocent in the Kechang case, but his execution was directly related to Zaiyuan, Duanhua, and Sushun, and now the empress dowager of the two palaces was bowing to the government, and the government was in harmony with people, and they wanted to be extrajudicial to Bai Bao. The final decision was to give Bai Bao's son the title of Four Pin Qing and the six-part Lang Zhong... It is a compensation for Bai Bao.