Recently, there are media reports that the test results released by the China Institute of Food and Drug Control show that after receiving 2 doses of inactivated vaccine, the neutralizing antibody titer of the pseudovirus of the Omilon variant strain was only slightly lower than that of the prototype strain, and the neutralizing antibody titer after the three-dose inactivated vaccine was 10 times higher than that of the neutralizing antibody after three-dose inactivated vaccine.
"Fake virus", "prototype strain", "slight decline" and so on
A long list of technical terms
Brings a lot of dyslexia
Briefly
It is the "2+1" "mixed-up" that produces antibodies
It was tested on a fake virus in Aomi Kerong
effective
May be inactivated than 3 needles
More effective
The news is encouraging
But here's the problem:
If I have not received the third dose, can I choose "mixed beating"?
Latest research! Come and see
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Zhang Wenhong team
Today's core journal published the first peer-reviewed paper in China:
The melee enhancement is more effective against Omicron
The team of the National Center for Infectious Disease Medicine (Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University) led by Professor Zhang Wenhong today announced the results of the study of enhanced immunization on the Aomi Kerong strain: on the basis of the two-shot inactivated vaccine, the third dose of homology and heterologous (popularly understood as mixed beating) increased the body's ability to neutralize the strain by 8.07 times and 15.87 times, respectively. At the same time, the neutralizing antibody titer for the original strain of the vaccine was increased by 4.24 times and 21.31 times. This suggests that reinforcement is effective against mutant strains, among which the mixed injection is more effective.
The results were officially published in the core journal Emerging Microbes & Infections. This is also the first peer-reviewed vaccine booster vaccination immunization assessment of the Omicron strain in China. The above findings are consistent with the team's recent results published in the core journal Cell Research, suggesting that the third needle boost can effectively improve the neutralization ability, including for the original and mutant strains.
The team of the National Center for Infectious Disease Medicine (Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University) recently responded quickly and evaluated for the first time in the world the two-shot inactivated vaccine subjects, the third dose of homologous reinforced subjects and the third dose of recombinant protein vaccine heterologous enhancement of the subject's serum neutralization capacity on Omi kerong. The results of the study showed that after 14 days of inactivated vaccine homologous third injection, the neutralizing antibody titers of the original vaccine strain, Delta strain and Omiljung strain in the serum were increased to 285.6, 250.8 and 48.73, respectively. If the heterologous third needle of the recombinant subunit protein seedling is strengthened for 14 days, the neutralizing antibody titers of the original strain, the Delta strain and the Omiljung strain in the serum are increased to 1436, 1501 and 95.86, respectively.
Dr. Ai Jingwen of the team told reporters: This suggests that no matter what type of third injection is strengthened, the positive rate of the neutralizing antibody titer of the serum specimen to the Omiljung strain has reached 100%. This means that the three-shot booster strategy can provide some degree of protection, but there are also differences in the level of antibodies.
In less than four weeks since Omi kerong was named by WHO as the "highest-risk variant of the new coronavirus" by WHO on November 26, it has accounted for about 73% of the number of new COVID-19 infections in the United States. In much of the UK, the number of infections with mutated strains is spreading at a rate that doubles every 48 hours.
International experts believe that the immune barrier established by natural infection is being crossed by the mutant strain, and previous studies have also shown that after the third dose of the Pfizer vaccine is enhanced, the neutralizing antibody titer of the Omilon strain in the serum is about 6 times lower than that of the original strain.
Both Chinese and international data show that the Omikejung strain spreads much faster than Delta, and although the pathogenicity may be slightly lower than that of Delta strain, it will still cause severe illness in some cases. Enhanced vaccination can partially offset the accelerated spread of the virus from mutations, but the protection rate is still lower than that of Delta virus.
Zhang Wenhong's research team concluded that strengthening public health and social measures (PHSM) and the third dose of vaccine enhancement vaccination are the best strategies for the global formation of a group to prevent the epidemic of the Omicron variant, and the subsequent further mutation of the virus does not rule out the possibility of entering a similar prevention and control strategy with influenza virus vaccination, and responding to virus mutation by increasing the frequency of vaccination.
I want to "mix", is it okay?
· Wang Huaqing, chief expert of the immunization program of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said at the previous press conference of the joint prevention and control mechanism that the current advice given by experts is to use the vaccine produced by the original vaccination enterprise, and if the same enterprise cannot meet the supply, it is also necessary to choose the same technical route of the vaccine for vaccination.
· On the 16th, the World Health Organization issued interim guidelines for mixed vaccination of new crown vaccine based on existing research data. It stressed that vaccination is still the preferred choice to use vaccines produced by the same manufacturer; as more research data are available, adjusting the "mixed-and-match" guidelines is not ruled out. This guideline is based on recommendations recently made by WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts and applies to all COVID-19 vaccines on WHO's emergency use list. Guidelines recommend that if the first dose is given against a viral vector, the subsequent dose of the Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine can be given, whether it is a second dose or a booster, and vice versa. If the inactivated vaccine is given initially, follow-up vaccinations with viral vector vaccines or mRNA vaccines may be given. According to the interim guidelines, the existing research mainly involves the effect of "mixed beating" on human immunity, and the data on safety is limited, and the "mixed beating" data on inactivated vaccines also needs to be further supplemented. As the research progresses, WHO will reassess the advantages and risks of "mixed-and-matched".
· Zhang Yuntao, chief scientist of Sinopharm China Biologics, told reporters that from the perspective of scientific research and innovation, the state actively supports and encourages the research work of "mixed beating". China Biologics has carried out the research and development of a number of vaccines including protein recombinant, mRNA and other technical routes, and has also carried out research work on the effect of "mixed play" between vaccines of different technical routes. If the vaccine is "mixed" in a large number of people, it needs to follow the scientific rules.
· Relevant experts said that based on the current policies and regulations, mixed vaccines must be vaccines that have been approved for marketing or obtained emergency marketing authorization. The effect of mixing should be evaluated on sensitive animals and should not be limited to the results of neutralizing antibody titers. The safety of mixed beatings must be evaluated and validated on a qualified GLP (Good Practice for Non-Clinical Studies of Drugs) platform.
Therefore, the mixed play still needs further scientific research to verify. Wang Huaqing also said earlier, "The follow-up will be based on the sequential immunization results of the relevant enterprise research to demonstrate and put forward relevant suggestions." ”
Vaccine products have strict specifications in terms of marketing and use strategies and indications, which need to be strictly implemented according to the requirements of the State Food and Drug Administration when approving the application. If the implementation of "mixed beating", it is necessary to submit materials, submit an application, be approved for listing after review and approval, or obtain an emergency use permit from the relevant department.
To deal with Omi kerong, do you need to "mix"?
For the mutant strain, China's vaccine research and development units have always continued to track, intervene in advance, and carry out research.
Xu Wenbo, director of the Institute of Viral Disease Prevention and Control of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said at the press conference of the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council that China has done a good job in the preliminary technical reserves and research of many technical routes including inactivated vaccines, protein vaccines, carrier vaccines and other technical routes for the Omilkerong variant, and the relevant preliminary design of some enterprises has begun.
"When a new large-scale epidemic variant strain appears, we will use a mature and complete technical system, that is, an emergency research and development and production system for emerging infectious diseases, and quickly complete the development of a new inactivated vaccine to deal with the mutant strain." Zhang Yuntao told reporters that all the research work before the clinical trial can be completed in about 2 months.
Whether the efficiency of existing vaccines will be reduced due to the increased immune escape capacity of Omi kerong remains to be further confirmed, and further evaluation of which strategy will be used once escaped needs to be further evaluated.
At present, the safety of "mixed beating" still needs to be further verified, and the development of a new crown vaccine specifically for Aumicron has a short cycle. Is it "mixed-up" or a new vaccine? The relevant departments will judge based on "maximum protection at the least cost".
In addition to efforts on vaccines
China's first anti-coronavirus special drug was also approved for marketing
On December 8, China's first anti-new coronavirus specific drug, ampavivir monoclonal antibody / romimab combination therapy drug, was approved by the China Food and Drug Administration, which marked the official appearance of the first anti-new coronavirus antibody special drug that China has fully independently developed and proved effective.
A professor at Tsinghua Medical College introduced that this drug "hits the combination of punches", there are two antibodies, in the face of the Aomi Kerong variant strain, one antibody remains active, and the other loses part of the activity. "The two antibodies added together still maintain the neutralizing ability of Thermokeron. We are also working hard to target the law of variation and develop 'spare tire antibodies' so that they can continue to play a role in terms of effectiveness, broad spectrum and persistence." ”
While the new drug has been approved for marketing, there is no exact time to bring it fully to market. The relevant departments and the corresponding technical teams are working around the clock to promote the process.
Vaccine research and specific drugs are on the way
Maybe the epidemic can really be like Zhang Wenhong said
"This winter and Spring Festival we will spend the last cold winter with the international community,
We will eventually 'lift the clouds and see the sky, and keep the clouds open to see the moon'. ”
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Source 丨 Shangguan News
Edited by Cong Tianyi
Responsible editor 丨 Yan Xinyu
Audit 丨 Wang Jing
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