From the beginning of January to March 1937, the Western Route Army passed through the Bloody Battle of nijiayingzi, most of the troops were lost, and the remaining 3,000 troops retreated into the Qilian Mountains while fighting, and the troops were evacuated to break through. There were a few weak female Red Army soldiers, each carrying a little silver circle and a large amount of smoke, which was the road fee allocated to them by the troops to evacuate and break through, and also hid in the mountain, when the horse bandits of the Ma family army chased after them, several of them scattered and hid in the thorny bushes on the mountain, and did not dare to move. It wasn't until they watched the horse bandits walk away from a distance that they got together and counted only 5 people. But after staying up the mountain overnight, they froze to death three female Red Army soldiers.
The remaining 2 female Red Army soldiers are still dolls, the youngest is only 13 years old, her name is Chen Chaxiu, is a Sichuan baby who became a Red Army at the age of 11.
11-year-old little girl in the Red Army? I can't even think about it now, whose teenage babies are not all the age of love? Some of them are still ignorant and are sitting in the primary school classroom learning language.
However, after more than two years of revolutionary baptism, Chen Chaxiu was already a soldier of the Red Army who climbed the snowy mountains and crossed the meadows and underwent the baptism of the Long March!
In October 1979, Dong Hanhe, a Red Army writer who wrote the magnificent songs of the West Road Army, came to Gulang County, Gansu Province, to inspect the deeds of the West Road Army, to understand the deeds of the West Road Army, and also met Chen Chaxiu, a female Red Army soldier who joined the army at the age of 11, and learned a tragic and magnificent story of the female Red Army.
(Female soldier of the Western Route Army)
Gulang County was the place where the Red Ninth Army of the Western Route Army suffered a crushing defeat. In the autumn of 1936, the Red Ninth Army suffered more than 3,000 casualties in this small county town under the Wusheling Mountains.
On the east and west hills of Gulang County (locally known as "Dongshengling" and "Xishengling"), there are still remnants of the earth bunkers of that year; On the southwest side of the river, there is a large mass grave that buried the Red Army, and it is undulating and overgrown with grass. There are two more such mass graves, near xxx and next to xxx, which have disappeared due to construction projects after liberation...
The Red Army is in the blood of the ancient waves
In 1979, many older people still clearly remember how the Red Army captured the county town effortlessly and how to eat gnocchi in single clothes and pants. Those female Red Army soldiers had needles and threads pinned to their hats and made clothes day and night...
When the enemy attacked the city, a female Red Army soldier ran out of bullets and rolled down the hill to the east with a machine gun; In front of the collapsed city wall, some female Red Army soldiers threw silver circles, and when the enemy scrambled, they took the opportunity to shoot...
After three days of fighting, the Red Army withdrew at night, and the wounded hidden in the haystacks and smoking shelters were all killed by the Ma family army. They killed the red eye and poked the little boy of the Ssheng long family...
(Wang Quanyuan, head of the women's group)
11-year-old female Red Army
What about the dead who are dead, but what about the living? Comrades from the Propaganda Department of the county party committee said that there are still more than a dozen of them scattered in the countryside, are not connected to cars, and it is difficult to walk, and it is not easy to summon them to the county seat for discussion.
Two days ago, there were four or five people who came to the county seat one after another to discuss with the writer Dong Hanhe, all of whom were men living in the Red Army near the county seat.
Until the last day, October 22, which happened to be the Gulang Grand Gathering, in the afternoon, a woman came, dressed in black, covered in dust, and as soon as she entered the door of the guest house, she sat on the ground and could not get up. It seems that she is at most 60 years old, but why is she so weak? Everyone quickly helped her to the room and let her drink water and breathe.
This person is Chen Chaxiu, 57 years old, a native of Xuanhan, Sichuan, who joined the Red Army in 1934 at the age of 11.
Chen Chaxiu introduced her Experience in the Red Army:
When he first joined the Red Army, he was too young to be 11 years old, and he was left in the propaganda team of the Political Department of the Thirtieth Army. When I got to the edge of Sichuan, he dialed me to the military hospital. I walked on the grass for a month and didn't eat any grain. After passing through lazikou, we arrived at Taomin Prefecture. In October, I crossed the Yellow River and fought in a mountain for three days and three nights. Later, when I arrived at Ganchaiwa and Hengliang Mountain, I passed through Gulang from Mengjiawo, did not live, did not participate in the war, and passed.
I spent the New Year in Yongchang, when I was 13 years old. Ma Jiajun's team caught up, and we went to the Ni family camp again, and there was no water to drink. Later, after a day of walking, I arrived at the Temple of the Great Lama. After another day of walking, the chief gathered us together and said, "Let's go with good eyes, and each of the weak ones will flee for their lives." Thirty women followed.
3 of the 5 female Red Army soldiers froze to death, and the 2 who were alive were deceived
What we left behind, each of us divided into silver circles and large smoke soil, retreated to the mountain, the Ma family army team came, we scattered, hidden in the dry thorns. After the Ma family team left, we got together, and there were five people. After one night, three froze to death.
The two of us, the little ones, met a male Red Army and asked him to take us both with us. When he reached a mountain, he said, "You two are waiting here, and I'll go to the mountain to see if there is a Ma family army over there." We waited at the bottom of the hill, and when we didn't see him come back, we thought, maybe we'll leave. What's his name? Cough, on the side of the mouth, can't remember for a moment. I saw him once after liberation, and I punched him hard and he just laughed.
Later, the two of us went to a place where some Tibetans changed their guns, a bowl of barley for a gun. I gave a silver dollar, ate something, and hid it in the mountains.
Mistakenly caught in the enemy's trick and captured
The next day, someone down the hill shouted: Comrades of the Red Army come down! Our team is coming! The women we hid in the mountains, not knowing whether they were real or not, all came out and were caught. On the way, many women were raped to death. I was taken to Marlow's troops. Because the Red Army spared him a group of people on a mountain, it kept the lives of some of our people, locked up in Wuwei, and let the wind blow once a week.
In August, the enemy sent more than 80 of our female Red Army soldiers to the playground, gave me horses as wives, and assigned me to a messenger. At that time, the names of their soldiers were written on a note, and we were caught, and whoever we caught was whoever we caught. The one I was assigned was the messenger soldier, and he treated me very well.
(The Site of the Ambush encountered by the Advancing Theater Troupe of the Western Route Army)
Chen Chaxiu: Before I wait for work, I will get old first
In 1960, the old man died, I miss home, I want to go back to Sichuan. When I arrived at Tianzhu, the working group persuaded me to come back. After getting off wusheling, I went to the Mengjia nest shop, and found an old man, a poor peasant, and lived there.
Mengjiawopu is far from the county seat, one or two miles, in a mountain nest.
"Alas, I have lived a wrongful life in this life!" The Kuomintang was oppressed at the hands of the Kuomintang. Liberated, before waiting for life, it will grow old first. When I was in the army, I was very happy, and when I arrived at the place, when I became a commoner, my heart was in chaos. ”
Chen Chaxiu finished speaking, half a day, we were relatively speechless. A comrade from the county civil affairs bureau came and gave her 45 yuan and said, "Take it well!" This is your three-month allowance. Don't tell the old man to take it!"
Chen Chaxiu took the money, wrapped it again and again with a dirty handkerchief, lifted the placket, and stuffed it into his close-fitting pocket.
The comrade of the county civil affairs bureau explained to us: "She is not a good old man, she does not do any work at home, she goes out to surf after eating, and she still beats her at every turn." Give her a monthly subsidy of 15 yuan, and the old man will also ask for it all. The son was also not filial and never cared about her. Today is the Gulang big market, the son drove a donkey cart to sell potatoes, and did not carry her. She was still sick and had traveled more than ten miles up the mountain. ”
Before leaving, the comrades of the Civil Affairs Bureau again told Chen Chaxiu: "Take the money well, go to see the doctor first, and don't let the old man's son know about the rest!"
Liu Wanshou, a female Red Army soldier who did not want to show her face
After sending Chen Chaxiu away, the comrade of the Propaganda Department of the county party committee introduced: "In Gulang County, there is also a female Red Army soldier who has fallen from the Western Route Army, named Liu Wanshou, who lives in the Shipo Brigade of peijiaying commune on the edge of the desert, which is far from the city. After liberation, she served as the secretary of the party branch of the brigade, led the masses to repair canals and control water, was very successful, was elected as a deputy to the provincial people's congress, and also published in the newspaper. ”
In the reporting group of the county party committee, Dong Hanhe saw a newspaper clipping containing Liu Wanshou's deeds, which was preserved to illustrate the achievements of the reporting group, and the entire article was Liu Wanshou's deeds of leading the masses to fight in the world after liberation, and only a brush stroke of her experience of being a Red Army before liberation.
Because Of Liu Wanshou's remote residence, Dong Hanhe was unable to see her.
In the winter of 1985, when Yang Ruoyu, deputy director of the Provincial Party History Office, returned from Hexi after filming a TV documentary about the Xilu Army, "The Road Stained with Blood," Dong Hanhe asked him about Liu Wanshou's recent situation. He said that he had not seen Liu Wanshou either, and the county had called her several times, and she had not come to the county seat; The film crew wanted to shoot a few shots at her house, and she disagreed.
What kind of exiled female Red Army is this? Half a life of suffering, but the will is strong, the achievements are remarkable, but they are unwilling to show their faces; On the edge of the desert, she tenaciously struggles silently with harsh society and nature...
References: Dong Hanhe wrote "The Story of the Female Soldiers of the Western Route Army", and the story of the heroic martyrs of the Western Route Army will be shared in the future. Welcome to leave a message to discuss, pay attention to forwarding, remember the martyrs, remember history! #西路军 ##