According to the latest report of the Provincial Health Commission, in November, there were 5137 influenza cases in our province, which is nearly twice as many as 1771 cases in October. On December 17, the Zhengzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention issued a reminder that the current influenza has entered a high incidence period, and the majority of residents can take a variety of measures to pay attention to prevention.
Judging influenza requires a laboratory diagnosis
"The main sources of influenza infection are influenza patients and latent infections, and they are contagious from the end of the incubation period to the acute period." Liang Shijie, director of the Institute of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control of the Zhengzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that in terms of the route of infection, the influenza virus is mainly transmitted through droplets such as sneezing and coughing, but it can also be transmitted through direct or indirect contact with mucous membranes such as the mouth, nasal cavity, and eyes, and can also cause infection after contact with items contaminated with the virus.
How do you know if you have the flu? The symptoms of influenza are the main basis for clinical routine diagnosis and treatment, Liang Shijie introduced: "Influenza is generally manifested as acute onset, fever (some cases can have high fever, up to 39-40 ° C), cough, sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, body pain, chills, fatigue, diarrhea, vomiting and other symptoms. ”
From the above symptoms, we can see that the symptoms and signs of influenza lack specificity, which is also an important reason why many people are easy to treat the common cold and other upper respiratory tract infections after they have a disease.
"To determine whether there is influenza, ultimately rely on laboratory diagnosis, and at present, the detection methods mainly include viral nucleic acid detection, virus isolation and culture, antigen detection and serological testing." Liang Shijie reminded.
As far as the treatment of influenza is concerned, the less ill can go home after the visit to take medication for observation, while the more serious ones need to be hospitalized.
In order to avoid spreading the flu to the family, flu patients should avoid close contact with family members after returning home, stay at home in a separate space, and try to live alone in a room.
Daily necessities should also be separated from other family members, and can be boiled for more than 30 minutes or disinfected with ethanol, iodine, iodine tincture and other disinfectants, the room should be kept ventilated, in addition, try not to go to public places, "If you are in the fever period, you must be timely to reduce fever, full rest, drink water appropriately, and eat easily digestible and nutritious." Liang Shijie reminded that if you continue to have high fever, heavy breathing or sudden new symptoms, such as poor mental state, frequent vomiting or diarrhea, you should seek medical attention in time.
Influenza vaccinations are the most effective
Although the flu is mostly self-limiting, but the public friends still can not take it lightly, because some patients may have complications such as pneumonia and then develop into severe influenza, a small number of severe cases of rapid progression, serious can die due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and / or multi-organ failure, Li Feng, director of the Immunization Program of the Zhengzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, introduced: "In the face of influenza, 'prevention' is greater than 'treatment'. ”
Here, Director Li Feng provides you with several main preventive measures:
The first is vaccination: currently, getting the flu vaccine is the most effective way to prevent influenza. In order to ensure immune protection before the high incidence season of influenza, it is best to inject 1 to 2 months before influenza season. "If there is no vaccination, it is still valid now, so it is recommended to be vaccinated as soon as possible." Li Feng reminded.
The second is drug prevention: although vaccination is the best way to prevent influenza, in the event of influenza outbreaks, there are special circumstances, such as contraindications to influenza vaccine or high-risk children who do not receive the best immunization effect within 2 weeks of vaccination, and can be urgently temporarily prevented by taking drugs after contact with influenza patients.
"In particular, it should be noted that drug prevention must be carried out under the guidance of a doctor."
The third is other measures: mainly from the aspect of living habits, such as washing hands frequently, using soap or hand sanitizer, washing hands with running water, and wiping hands with a clean towel. In addition, it is to keep the environment clean and indoor ventilation, reduce crowd gathering, wear a mask when going out; cover the mouth and nose with tissues, towels, etc. when coughing or sneezing; wash your hands after coughing or sneezing, try to avoid touching the eyes, nose and mouth; strengthen exercise and improve immunity; respiratory symptoms should rest at home and seek medical treatment as soon as possible.
Zheng Bao all-media reporter Wang Hong
Edited by Luo Chan
Zhengzhou Newspaper Group Zhengzhou Daily original content, reprint please indicate the source of Zhengzhou Daily (ID: zzrbxmt)!
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