Chiang Kai-shek had three daughters, counting her as legendary
As everyone knows, Chiang Kai-shek had two sons, one was chiang ching-kuo, his own, and the other was his adopted son, Chiang Wei-kuo. At the same time, he also has three daughters, but they are all adopted, or "righteous daughters" to be precise.
The three were Jiang Jianhua, whom Chiang Kai-shek's wife Mao Fumei had picked up and raised from the back door of the Fenghao House (i.e., Chiang Kai-shek's former residence at Fenghua Xikou, Zhejiang); Jiang Yaoguang, whom Chen Jieru had picked up from the Guangzhou Civilian Hospital; and Mao Xinfeng, who was a member of Mao Fumei's ethnic group and had been adopted by Mao Sicheng, Chiang Kai-shek's teacher when he was studying at Yantou. As righteous women, the fates and life encounters of these three righteous women are different, and it is certain that the three of them do not have much contact with each other, and may not even meet.
Mao Fumei and his son Chiang Ching-kuo
As soon as Jiang Jianhua was born, he was encountered and abandoned. Since Mao Fumei's adoption, Jiang Jianhua has been known as a father and mother to the Jiang couple since childhood. Later, he married Song Mingyi, the son of Chiang Kai-shek's half-sister Jiang Ruichun. In 1938, when Chiang Ching-kuo began to rule Ganzhou, he took Song Mingyi with him. After 1949, Song Mingyi also followed him to Taiwan, and later served as the chairman of the Taiwan Small and Medium Enterprise Bank. However, Jiang Jianhua died on the eve of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War due to lung disease, and little was known to the outside world.
Speaking of Mao Xinfeng, it is natural to mention Chiang Kai-shek's enlightenment teacher, Mao Sicheng. Chiang Kai-shek has always had great respect for him as an enlightenment teacher. After Chiang Kai-shek became the principal of the Whampoa Military Academy, he invited him to take up a post in Whampoa. He successively served as the chief of the clerical section of the Colonel of the Headquarters of the Northern Expeditionary Army and a member of the Supervision Committee of the National Government. Mao Xinfeng suffered misfortune at a young age, his father died of illness, and his mother drank salt and brine and was martyred. Mao Sicheng saw that this niece and granddaughter were lonely and helpless, felt sympathy, recognized her as a granddaughter, and assumed the responsibility of raising her. One year, when Chiang Kai-shek returned to his hometown to worship his ancestors, Mao Sicheng proposed that he wanted Chiang Kai-shek to adopt him. After the father-worshipping ceremony, she became Chiang Kai-shek's adopted daughter. However, after Mao Sicheng's death in 1941, the relationship between the two was estranged. After liberation, Mao Xinfeng taught at a school for the blind in Shanghai, and his son and daughter-in-law were all graduates of Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
Compared with the other two who were "obscure", this Jiang Yaoguang was "vigorous", and there were many reports later. When mentioning Jiang Yaoguang, it is natural to mention Chen Jieru, the ex-wife of Chiang Kai-shek, whose identity is controversial.
Chiang Kai-shek's daughter, however, later took the surname Chen
Chen Jieru and Chiang Kai-shek are first of all related to the same village, her ancestral home is Zhenhai, Ningbo, born in Shanghai, the family is rich, her father Chen Xuefang is a businessman in the paper industry, and her mother is a Suzhou native, which can be called everyone's bridesmaid. At the age of 12, she entered the Shanghai Patriotic Girls' High School founded by Cai Yuanpei, where she became friends with several daughters of the giant businessman Zhang Jingjiang, and naturally often visited the Zhang family. One day in 1919, when Chen Jieru was a guest in the Zhang family, she happened to meet the visiting Sun Yat-sen and his assistant Chiang Kai-shek, and did not expect that Chiang Kai-shek had launched a passionate pursuit of her at first sight. At first, Chen Jieru was overwhelmed, and her mother learned that Chiang Kai-shek already had a wife and a concubine at that time, and the key was that she had no legitimate occupation and directly rejected Chiang's marriage proposal. However, Chiang Kai-shek finally gained the approval of Chen's mother through Zhang Jingjiang's relationship with Sun Yat-sen, and more importantly, Chen Jieru gradually developed a good feeling for Chiang. Chiang Kai-shek, who is "in love with the brain", claims that he has disassociated himself from his original wife and concubines, and promises that "you will be my unique legal wife."
Chiang Kai-shek and Chen Jieru
In later memoirs, Chen Jieru claimed that the two were officially married on December 5, 1921, but Chiang Kai-shek said in an interview with the New York Times on September 27, 1927, that Chen Jieru was only her concubine and had no proper wife status. Not only that, but Chiang Kai-shek also published a single declaration entitled "Chiang Kai-shek's Notice" in Shanghai for three consecutive days on September 28, 29, and 30, 1927, saying: "Mao's wife has long been divorced; Yao Chen's second concubine has no contract." "Circumstantial evidence is that Chiang Kai-shek's diary from 1921 to 1922 mentioned many nights about going to Chen Jieru's office, but did not mention the marriage. So much so that Chen Jieru wrote in a letter to Chiang Kai-shek in 1962: "For more than thirty years, my grievances are known only to the king" and other sentences, which are quite mournful.
Back to the main topic, after the two got married, Chen Jieru was unable to have children for a long time, so she planned to adopt children. At that time, the National Revolutionary Government in Guangzhou successively launched the Eastern Expedition and the Northern Expedition to sweep away the Beiyang warlords, and the war continued. One day, Liao Zhongkai's wife, He Xiangning, went to the Guangzhou Wounded Soldiers Hospital to comfort the wounded and civilians wounded in the war. I saw an overseas Chinese with a baby girl and wanted to raise someone to raise her, so I took it home. After Chen Jieru learned about it, she liked this baby girl very much, so she adopted her, and her name was "accompanying". This woman also gained the favor of Chiang Kai-shek, so she named Jiang Yaoguang after the star Yaoguang. If there is no accident, Jiang Yaoguang will also walk in the human world as the "daughter of Chiang Kai-shek", but there is an accident and a sudden change.
After the stage victory of the Northern Expedition, Chiang Kai-shek returned to Shanghai, and once he met by chance, he fell in love with Song Meiling at first sight and launched a passionate pursuit. The conditions set by the Soong family, which was extremely influential in Shanghai at that time, were first of all that Chiang Kai-shek should formally marry Soong Mei-ling and appoint Soong Ziwen as minister of finance. In particular, Mother Song's mother, Ni Guizhen, agreed, but Mother Song also issued conditions for Jiang Yu's ex-wife to terminate the marriage contract. At that time, Chiang Kai-shek urgently needed the support of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang consortiums to gain a firm foothold in the political arena, so he sent Chen Jieru to study in the United States, when Chiang Kai-shek asked Chen Jieru to temporarily leave China for 5 years and take her back as soon as the Northern Expedition was successful and China was reunified. Jieru Chen went to the United States for more than 5 years, during which time she received her master's degree from Columbia University's School of Education. In 1933, Chen Jieru returned to Shanghai. The adopted daughter Chen Yaoguang changed her mother's surname after Jiang Chen's divorce and lived with Chen Jieru.
Born rebellious, against his mother's will, he married a spy
After divorcing Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Jieru was basically single. This is unfavorable for Chen Yaoguang's growth. Due to the long-term lack of "father" companionship in life, her personality is very rebellious. This was a headache for Chen Jieru, especially in Chen Yaoguang's marriage.
Chen Yaoguang
During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Chen Yaoguang had grown up, and he liked an exiled Korean, An Mou. At that time, there were many Koreans in exile in China, especially those who aspired to achieve national independence and the restoration of the country. For example, the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was established in Shanghai, China on April 13, 1919, and moved to Chongqing in 1940 with the Nationalist Government during the War of Resistance; there were many Koreans in the Whampoa Military Academy, and so on. The specific time and scene of Chen Jieru's acquaintance with An Mou is no longer known. Maybe it was An's "uncle" personality that attracted her. What is certain is that Chen Jie is opposed to this marriage. Marriages that do not receive the blessings of their mothers are doomed to a hasty end in the future.
Chen Yaoguang and An Shi had two sons. Later, with the de facto breakdown of the marriage between the two, both sons took their mother's surname. The eldest son, Chen Zhongren, is a Chinese-American banker who served as vice president of Bank of America. The second son, Chen Xiaoren (also known as Chen Xiaoren), was born in Shanghai and was born in Shanghai, and was quite rarely studied. Because his maternal grandmother Chen Jieru studied at Columbia University in the United States, and his stepfather Lu Jiuzhi studied at Waseda University in Japan, Chen Xiaoren was proficient in English and Japanese since childhood.
If you follow the normal life trajectory, Chen Yaoguang and An Mou's family of four can live happily and happily. However, this Ahn shi turned out to be a spy lurking in Japan. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he absconded in fear of his crime, leaving Chen Yaoguang and his two sons behind, and did not know the end, as if the world had evaporated and there was no more news.
In hindsight, this marriage is not so much that Chen Yaoguang was sloppy, but rather that the identity label of "Daughter of Chiang Kai-shek" that cannot be shaken off has attracted too much right and wrong for her.
In 1949, Chen Jieru chose to stay in the mainland and was later invited to become a member of the CppcC National Committee in Shanghai's Luwan District. In 1961, Chen Jieru left Shanghai with zhou Enlai's special approval, settled in Hong Kong, changed his name to "Chen Lu", and lived in Baide New Street, Causeway Bay. Since then, she has received help and support from Chiang Ching-kuo. Unlike Song Meiling, Chen Jieru's relationship with Chiang Ching-kuo is very close. It is said that in 1921, chiang ching-kuo was taken care of by Chiang Kai-shek's subordinate Chen Guofu in Shanghai, and Chen Jieru also went to Shanghai with him and became Chiang Ching-kuo's stepmother. During this time, the two lived together and cultivated a deep relationship. Chen Jieru's residence in Hong Kong was purchased for her by Chiang Ching-kuo. Chen Jieru also received economic help from Chiang Kai-shek while in Hong Kong. Of course, because Song Meiling is on the side, this matter cannot be "blatant". Chiang Kai-shek received $500 a month through Dai Anguo, the son of Dai Jitao. Later, Chen Jieru and Chiang Kai-shek also exchanged letters. For example, in 1962, Chiang Kai-shek entrusted someone to bring her a letter, which said: "In the past days when the wind and rain were in the same boat, the care and support she received never had to be cherished..."
On January 21, 1971, Chen Jieru died of cerebral hemorrhage in Hong Kong. After Zhou Enlai learned of Chen's death in Hong Kong, he personally approved Chen Yaoguang to go to Hong Kong for funerals and take care of the aftermath.
Bitterness is all by it, and the identity label cannot be shaken off
Although An Mou did not quit and said goodbye, life still had to go on. Due to her status as "Chiang Kai-shek's daughter", her marriage is naturally not a "trivial matter". As a result, many high-ranking and important members of the Kuomintang rushed to it. After some searching, Zhou Anqi (the wife of Secretary General Hu Jingru of Tang Enbo) set up a bridge and brokered, Chen Yaoguang remarried Lu Jiuzhi. Lu Jiuzhi was in middle age at the time, and he did not establish a family affair, or a major general of the Kuomintang Army and a general of the Third Front, and the two were matched, and the two were married in 1946.
Lu Jiuzhi
Let's take a look at Lu Jiuzhi. He was born into a bureaucratic family in Changsha, where his father, Lu Han, was sun Chuanfang's chief of military justice for the Five Provinces Coalition Army. Lu Jiuzhi had ten brothers and sisters. His younger brother Lu Lizhi (Mengyi) was known as the last Trotskyist in China during his lifetime, and his younger sister Lu Shenzhi was the wife of Liu Renjing, a major representative of the Communist Party.
In the 1920s, he joined the Shaodun Motor Company founded by Cai Shuhou in Shanghai. In 1930, he fled from Shanghai to Japan and enrolled in the Japan Railway Academy and Waseda University. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he returned to Shanghai, and with his connections with the Japanese, he opened the "Xuan Palace Ballroom" (later renamed "Yunsheng Ballroom") in the occupied areas of Shanghai, and founded the Haian Trust Company. After the end of the War of Resistance, he founded the "Reform Daily" and served as its president. At the same time, he was appointed by the commander-in-chief of the Third Front, Tombaugh, as a major general. So, where is he with a bright background and rich experience? In fact, he is a lurker of our party!
According to his later self-accounts, Lu Jiuzhi joined the Chinese Communist Party at an early age and became an underground party as a lurker. After arriving in Shanghai, he worked with Zhou Enlai, Zhao Shiyan and Ye Jianying. He also rescued Chen Geng and the leader of the Japanese Communist Party, Sano Gaku, and so on. In addition, according to his recollection, during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he entered the Shanghai station of the Institute of International Studies controlled by the military command to collect intelligence for the Ccp, and used the dance hall and the Hai'an Company he opened to provide intelligence and transport materials to the Communist Party. In 1950, he was also sent to Japan to plot against Zhu Shiming, head of the Nationalist government delegation in Japan. What he relisshes in his later years is that he is "only one step away" from Tang Enbo, who served as the commander of the Shanghai garrison and was in charge of Shanghai's defense in the late stages of the successful anti-liberation war. However, Lu Jiuzhi's description of these underground party experiences was denied by his brother Lu Lizhi, who also believed that he was just "a weak soft bone, and the flowers in the wind and moon field are too old." In this way, Lu Jiuzhi is still a bit complicated.
In his later years, Lu Jiuzhi
As a result of this marriage, Lu Jiuzhi also became "Chiang Kai-shek's son-in-law". Chen Yaoguang and Lu Jiuzhi had a daughter after marriage, Lu Jiuli. In 1949, the reason why Chen Jieru and Chen Yaoguang finally chose to stay in the mainland had a lot to do with Lu Jiuzhi. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as a librarian at the Shanghai Museum of Culture and History and a member of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He died on February 12, 2008 at the age of 106, a rare longevity.
"Daughter of Chiang Kai-shek" is the identity label that Chen Yaoguang has gotten rid of all her life, which has also added a lot of ups and downs and bittersweet grievances in her life. During the Cultural Revolution, Chen Yaoguang and her children were affected by their relationship with the Chiang family, and the eldest son, Chen Zhongren, was imprisoned for it. In 1976, Chen Xiaoren and Chen Zhongren, who had been released from prison, were approved to settle in Hong Kong under the arrangement of their mother, Chen Yaoguang. However, his stepfather, Lu Jiuzhi, chose to stay in Shanghai.
Chen Jieru's residence and property in Hong Kong were naturally inherited by Chen Yaoguang. The controversy surrounding the ownership and inheritance of Chiang Kai-shek's Diary once again shattered the calm of her life. The diary was originally a personal property, but because of the identity of its owner, Chiang Kai-shek, it actually caused inheritance disputes around its ownership and inheritance rights.
At the end of 2004, Chiang Ching-kuo's third daughter-in-law, Chiang Fang Zhi-yi, moved the original manuscript of Chiang Kai-shek's and Chiang Ching-kuo's personal diaries (collectively known as the "Two Chiang Diaries") to the Hoover Institution of Stanford University in the United States for 50 years. Elena Danielson, director of the Hoover Institution Archives, said that there are already more than a hundred people in modern Chinese history in their collection of manuscripts, and the two Chiang diaries are only temporarily kept. On March 25, 2006, Ma Ying-jeou, then chairman of the Kuomintang of China, and Jiang Fangzhiyi, the daughter-in-law of chiang kai-shek, personally visited Stanford University and published the originals (diaries from 1917 to 1931) for the first time. Just at this moment, Chen Yaoguang stood up. As the adopted daughter of Chiang Kai-shek and Chen Jieru, she also enjoyed the right to inherit. Moreover, according to the relevant legal theory, Chen Yaoguang is also likely to be the heir of the first place in line. Chen Yaoguang once issued a statement, quoting the verses in the Book of Poetry: "Filial piety is not poor, Yongxier class" and "Harmony with filial piety" in the Book, calling on relevant units to "not serve the gap and be careless and fearless, so that the father will not disturb the kingdom of heaven". Her statement attracted the attention of the media and the public. As a result, the "daughter of Chiang Kai-shek" attracted widespread reports.
Chen Yaoguang moved to the United States in his later years and died in Shanghai in 2012. And his adoptive mother Chen Jieru was buried in Shanghai Fushou Garden. On September 25, 2013, Stanford University filed a lawsuit against Jiang's diary in a California court. The university's appointed lawyer said the purpose of the lawsuit was to ask the court to decide whether the diary should be kept by Stanford University or returned to the descendants of the Chiang family, not to decide who owned The diary. So far, only Jiang Fangzhiyi has signed a contract with the university to keep Jiang's diary; and the ownership of the diary belongs to the descendants of the Jiang family, so the university's current authorization to keep it on its behalf is incomplete. The co-heirs to the ownership of the diary are: Jiang Xiaozhang, Jiang CaiHuimei, Jiang Fangzhiyi, Jiang Youmei, Jiang Youlan, Jiang Yousong, Jiang Youbai, Jiang Youchang and Jiang Youqing.