Qin Liangyu (秦良玉), courtesy name Zhensu, was a native of Zhongzhou, Sichuan (present-day Zhongxian County, Chongqing).
Born in the second year of the Wanli Calendar (1574), he was a famous general at the end of the Ming Dynasty.
Qin Liangyu was bold, quiet and elegant, proficient in riding and shooting, good at poetry, and could be called an all-rounder of literature and martial arts.
She commanded the masses, gave strict orders, and called them "white pole soldiers", invincible, invincible, and temporarily powerful.
Her husband was Ma Qiancheng, a descendant of the Eastern Han Dynasty general Ma Yuan.
Ma Qianchengzu was the hereditary envoy of Shizhu Xuanwei (Shizhu County Toast) for his military merits, and after inheriting the title, he successively participated in the pacification of the Rebellion of the Wokou and the Rebellion of the Toast.
In the twenty-seventh year of the Wanli Calendar (1599), Ma Qiancheng led three thousand people with Li Hualong to Bozhou (present-day Zunyi, Guizhou) to quell the rebellion of Yang Yinglong, the toastmaster of Bozhou.
During this period, Qin Liangyu led 500 elite soldiers, responsible for escorting grain and grass, and together with the deputy general Zhou Guozhu to guard the area around Deng Kan (Fenggang, Guizhou).
The following year, Ma Qiancheng and Qin Liangyu defeated the sneak attack of Yang Yinglong's men and captured seven camps, including Jinzhuguan.
Soon, Chi aided the Youyang officials, attacked Sangmu Pass, defeated the rebels, Yang Yinglong committed suicide in fear of crime, and Qin Liangyu's battle achievements ranked first, but he concealed it and did not report it.
In the forty-first year of the Wanli Calendar (1613), Ma Qiancheng contracted a summer epidemic, received the eunuch Qiu Chengyun for several weeks, was falsely accused of being imprisoned, and died of illness due to untimely treatment.
The imperial court believed that Ma Qianyu was not guilty of any serious crime, and because his son Ma Xianglin was young and his wife Qin Liangyu had military merits, he replaced Ma Qianyu with Qin Liangyu.
In the first year of Taichang (1620), the Later Jin army attacked the Liaodong region.
The imperial court ordered Qin Liangyu to lead his troops to aid as a Sanpin official, Qin Liangyu's elder brother Qin Bangping as the capital secretary, and his younger brother Qin Minping as a garrison, leading thousands of people to Liaodong.
In the first year of the Apocalypse (1621), the Later Jin army besieged the important town of Shenyang in Eastern Liaoning, and the brothers Qin Bangping and Qin Minping cooperated with tong Zhongyu, the general of liaodong, and the Later Jin army fought a bloody battle, Qin Bangping died on the battlefield, martyred the country, and Qin Minping broke out.
Emperor Mingxi issued an edict to make Qin Liangyu the Lady of the Commandments and reward erpin with imperial dress;
Commanded by his son Ma Xianglin;
Posthumously presented to qin bang pingdu governor, hereditary descendants;
Promoted Qin Minping to Dusi Youshu.
In September of the first year of the Apocalypse, the Military Department sent Qin Liangyu back to his hometown to recruit soldiers.
During this period, the Rebellion of Chongming occurred.
Qin Liangyu sent his nephews Qin Yiming and Qin Gongming to directly attack Nanping Pass to cut off the rebels' rear roads, and Qin Liangyu led his army to repel the rebels.
In the second year of the Apocalypse (1622), the rebels of Su Chongming besieged Chengdu, and Zhu Xieyuan, the governor of Sichuan, ordered the toastmasters everywhere to recruit rebels, and all the roads and horses coveted the rebels' bribes and did not move, only Qin Liangyu led his troops to Chengdu, repelled the rebels, and recaptured Chongqing.
The imperial court made Qin Liangyu his wife, promoted to the position of Governor of the Capital, and Tongzhi commander-in-chief of the Capital, with Ma Xianglin as the envoy and Qin Minping as the deputy commander-in-chief, taking advantage of the victory to pursue the rebels, and soon recovered the camps such as Hongyadun and Guanyin Temple, which were held by the rebels.
Seeing that the general trend was gone, He committed suicide in fear of sin, and the Sichuan rebellion was put down.
In the third year of Chongzhen (1630), the Qing army invaded the south under the leadership of Emperor Taiji, and the Ming court ordered Qin Liangyu to lead his troops to the king of Qin, and Qin Liangyu scattered his family wealth to pay for the army, repelling the Qing army.
In the seventh year of Chongzhen (1634), Zhang Xianzhong attacked Kuizhou, Qin Liangyu sent troops in time to reinforce the defenders, and Zhang Xianzhong retreated without a fight.
Qin Liangyu and his son Ma Xianglin joined forces to attack, and Zhang Xianzhong retreated to Huguang after a major defeat, and soon accepted the imperial court's edict.
In the thirteenth year of Chongzhen (1640), Zhang Xianzhong colluded with Luo Rucai to revolt, Luo Rucai attacked Kuizhou, qin Liangyu led his troops to attack, broke Luo Rucai's department, and killed more than 600 rebels.
Soon, Qin Liangyu took advantage of the victory to pursue, eliminated Luo Rucai's rebels, and beheaded more than 8,000 people.
In the fifteenth year of Chongzhen (1642), Ma Xianglin, the son of Qin Liangyu, insisted on defending Xiangyang, and after the city was destroyed, he was martyred.
Before his death, he wrote a letter to his mother Qin Liangyu: "The son swears to coexist and die with Xiangyang, and may the adults not think of the safety of the child!" ”
Qin Liangyu wrote in his reply: "Good! Good! Makoto! ”
In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Zhang Xianzhong approached Kuizhou, and Qin Liangyu did not receive the help of the official army, and was outnumbered, and was defeated and retreated to defend the stone pillar.
Zhang Xianzhong recruited toast in many places, but never dared to step into the territory of the stone pillar.
In the second year of the Southern Ming Dynasty (1646, the third year of Qing Shunzhi), the Longwu Emperor Zhu Yujian sent envoys to Shizhu and made Qin Liangyu the Marquis of Zhongzhen (一作忠州侯), and was awarded the title of Taibao (太保) and crown prince Taibao(太保).
Soon, the Yongli Emperor Zhu Youluo appointed Qin Liangyu as the crown prince and envoy of Sichuan.
In May of the second year of the Yong calendar (1648, the fifth year of Qing Shunzhi), Qin Liangyu died of illness at the age of seventy-five.
She was the only woman to write into the history as a famous general and prince.
Modern historian Qian Haiyue praised Qin Liangyu:
Serve the battlefield with a scarf,
Ancient never before,
Trace its loyalty to the martial strategy,
Shame on you!