After the fall of the Song Dynasty, the Mongols ruled the land of China for nearly a hundred years, after which the Han people expelled the Mongols to establish daming and restored the Han family.
At this time, there are also many hidden dangers, the most difficult of which is the problem of the Loop.
The plague of the River Loop, also known as the Northern Trap, has appeared since the northern defensive line was loosened during the Yongle years.
Emperor Mingying's reign was the most severe during the orthodox years of Zhu Qizhen, during which Emperor Mingxianzong Zhu Jianshen recovered Hetao, but due to the mistakes of Emperor Mingxiaozong, hetao was lost again during the Hongzhi period.
Why did Daming have to recover the Loop area?
Its Hetao area refers to the area along the Yellow River east of the Helan Mountains and south of the Wolf Mountain and Daqing Mountain in the inner mongolia autonomous region and ningxia autonomous region today, because the Yellow River forms a large curved basin when it passes through this area, so it is called the Hetao.
The Hetao region has always been a place of contention between the Central Plains Dynasty and the nomadic regime, and its strategic position is very important.
Here, the north of kansai could be controlled, and the retreat could be held on the main road, so in the final Ming Dynasty, the Mongol tribes never gave up on garrisoning troops here.
Secondly, the soil is fertile, the water and grass are abundant, and it is suitable for farming and grazing.
It is recorded in the "Ming Dynasty Chronicle" as "blocking the Yellow River on three sides around the set, the soil is fertile, and it can be cultivated." It can be 2,000 miles from east to west; to the border wall in the south, to the Yellow River in the north, to 800 or 900 miles away, and to 200 or 300 miles near."
It is a good place for horse breeding, and there is no good place in the north, especially in the northwest.
Therefore, the Ming Dynasty wanted to balance Mongolia, and this place was said to be said to be nothing to lose, but for the need to prepare the army.
The third is the historical factor.
Ever since Qin Shi Huang sent Meng Tian to lead an army of 300,000 to expel the Xiongnu, the Hetao region, located at the junction of agriculture and animal husbandry, has always been a must for the Central Plains Dynasty and nomads.
In the early years of the Ming Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty forces retreated to the Mongolian High Plains, and the Ming and Mongolian sides fought each other several times.
Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang realized that relying solely on military means could not eliminate the Mongol threat, so he began to adopt a border defense policy based on garrison.
And the Ming army can be described as painstakingly working this area.
Since the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, the Mongols have been pursued, and the use of troops has not been stopped until the Yongle period.
From Yongle to Chenghua, Hongzhi to the end of the Ming Dynasty, this battle that can be called the most difficult battle of daming has been fought for hundreds of years!
First of all, since the yongle Emperor period, the northern defense has been loosened, which has led to loopholes in the complete defense system of the Hetao region in the early Ming Dynasty.
Since then, the Hetao region has been directly exposed to The Mongols, and the Mongol tribes have taken the Hetao region as their permanent residence and frequently harassed the Ming Borderlands and the Central Plains from the south.
During the reign of Emperor Yingzong of Ming, the Tatar tribes led troops to attack the Hetao area many times, but they were all defeated by Mao Zhong, the governor of Liangzhou under the Ming army.
The Ming Ying Sect sent troops to the border and fought several times, and the two sides won and lost each other.
By the time of Emperor Mingxianzong, there were constant disputes among the mongol tribes among the powerful subjects and the struggle for the khan's throne, and they continued to invade the south.
The Ming government tried to prevent the Mongols from living in the nest.
During the reign of Emperor Mingxianzong, various Mongolian ministries began to enter the Hetao region on a large scale, and hetao gradually became its long-standing place.
Since then, the Ming Dynasty has been in Hetao for ten consecutive years with more than 200,000 troops.
During the Jiajing period, military projects were once built, but progress was slow.
However, the invasion of the Mongol cavalry remained the same, coupled with yan song and other traitors who misled the country, the Jurchens went south from Datong, Shanxi to the Beijing Division, and the Gengpeng Revolution broke out, and the Ming Dynasty no longer had the heart to recover Hetao.
The century-long Battle for Hetao ended in the defeat of the Ming Dynasty.
It was not until 1616, when the general Du Wenhuan severely injured the minister of Hetao, Meng Keshili, several times at Yansui Border Pass, that the Hetao tribe was re-submitted to the Ming Dynasty.
But at this time, Daming was already in a lot of holes.
On the outside, there are Manchurian tigers looking at each other, and inside there are natural and man-made disasters, political corruption, and peasant uprisings.
The recovery of the Hetao area also has no way to return to the heavens for daming's rivers and rivers.