【Morning Reading Copy】
When talking about language teaching, I sometimes feel a little greasy, and I want to change my taste and do copying. However, an old friend said that he liked me to write some easy-to-understand texts, and the texts quoted in the scriptures were difficult to read, and the topic was sometimes heavy.
Think about it too. So I thought that twenty years ago, I wrote a book "Humorous Chinese" and was once very interested in Lin Yutang. I have also accumulated some information, why not take it out to dry? Today I still do copying.
1
"Not alarmed"
I once saw these words from a book: "Once you write, once you unfold the volume, you will never forget the allusions." Accumulated over time, natural bo qia. The introducer said that this was the words of Lu Yixiang in the Qing Dynasty. Since then, I have often used these few words to push myself and encourage students. It wasn't until one day that I read "Leng Lu Miscellaneous Knowledge", and the following paragraph found that these few words were said by Mo Qigong:
Whoever learns the way, he wants to know what he hears, and he wants his covenant in his karma. Xiao Shan Mao Tai Shi Qi composed poems, ancient texts, must first list the full front, the examination is fine, and the square stretch paper disease book. His wife, The Humble Concubine of the Chen Clan, with Mao having a concubine Manshu, said to the people: "Ershi mao is erudite? If the canal does seven words and eight sentences, it will also be sacrificed to the otter. Mao smiled and said, "Write once, unfold the scroll once...". - Volume V" "The Way of Learning"
This made me can't help but think that Mo Qi's words came from this way.
Mao Qigong, formerly known as 甡, also known as Chuqing, the character Dake, was a famous scribe and literary scholar in the early Qing Dynasty, because the county was in Xiaoshan Xihe, Zhejiang, scholars called "Mr. Xihe", and his brother Mao Wangong and called "Jiangdong Ermao". It is also equally famous with Mao Xianshu and Mao Jike, and is then called "Three Mao in Zhejiang, Three Hao in Wen".
Reading Liang Zhangju's book this morning, I thought of the idiom "nothing but coincidence":
Sun Beihai Chengze was extremely disgusted with Yang Ming's scholarship, and tried to talk to Li Wenzhen about Yang Ming and the apprentices, and his wife suddenly made a fuss, set off several cases, and threw away his books, saying: "The princes do not believe in this old man!" "For he enumerates his private affairs. The doorman peeped at Yang Ming. Color and ji, such as those who do not smell. For a long time, the lady entered, Yang Ming Xu whole book case, compound the previous theory, if there is no intermediate paragraph of the matter, think it is impersonal. Li Wenzhen said, "I'm afraid this is enough to catch Chen Hao." Beihai laughed. - "Essay on Retreat"
Sun Beihai is Sun Chengze, and Li Wenzhen is Li Guangdi. Both were famous scholars in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Wang Yangming lectured, and there were countless "fans" in the world, and almost no one could match except Zhan Ruoshui. Huang Zongxi said: "Since Kong Meng, there has not been such a deeply enlightened person. Liang Qichao even said of him: "At the end of five hundred years of Daoist studies, I spit out a lot of light." ”
Such a "great man", but his wife did not believe him. This reminds me of the old saying "there is no saint in the eyes of a servant." In which book I've seen before, George Bernard Shaw once said, "If you listen to a couple arguing from a keyhole, it will be very different from their scene." "It's a pity I can't find the source of this sentence anymore. When Socrates was lecturing, his wife poured a basin of water on his head, but he still talked and laughed, saying, "After the thunder, there will be a torrential rain." "It's a household allusion. I can't imagine that many things in ancient and modern China and abroad are the same. Like Wang Yangming and Mao Dake, Yaliang really reached the realm of "coming without being alarmed, adding without anger for no reason". Therefore, Li Guang said to him: "[With this endurance] is enough to defeat Zhu Chenhao." "I think these scholars can reach this level, their wives are credited, the so-called "a successful man behind always has a woman."
2
Overheard the roar of the lion in Hedong
I thought again of the idiom "Hedong lion roar". Su Dongpo's "Send Wu Deren and Jian Chen Jichang" has four sentences:
"The residents of Longqiu are also pitiful, and they talk about the fact that there are sleepless nights. Overhearing the roar of the lion in Hedong, the staff fell into the palm of his hand in a daze. ”
It is said that he has a friend named Chen Yu, who is a character Ji Chang. When Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou, they often talked together. But Chen's wife, sexually fierce and jealous, when entertaining, as long as there is a singer present, she will bang on the wall with a stick and shout loudly next door. Chen Jichang was often afraid of her. This is a familiar classic commonly used by Chinese literati. "Talking about the void and saying that there is" means to talk about the Buddhist scriptures, "Hedong" is the county of Shanxi, Mrs. Chen is from Hedong, so she is called "Hedong lion", in addition, "lion roar" is also a Buddhist term.
One summer, I gave a class to a high school teacher in Henan, and after class, I talked about our Shanghai men doing housework, and some students joked with me, saying: "Shanghai men are afraid of their wives." ”
I borrowed the title and said: "Shanghai men are really afraid of their wives very few, this is called loving wives." In the scene, Shanghai women will also give his husband a lot of face. Otherwise, others would call her a 'female tiger', just like the northerners called her 'Hedong lion'. So, in the north (and of course elsewhere) there are places where men are macho, can't make money outside, come home and drink, get drunk, and beat up and scold their children's wives. Just like Pavel's father in Gorky's "Mother". Which is the big husband? ”
The teachers below all laughed, and several female teachers applauded.
3
"It's also good to be afraid of women"
Speaking of which, traditional China is a country that pays attention to the superiority of men over women, but in fact, "fear of internalism" also has a historical tradition in China, and the Spring and Autumn Warring States and the Two Han Dynasties have it. Lü Hou dared to mutilate Lady Qi, and in the end, Liu Bang was afraid of her. During the Wei and Jin dynasties, the two famous ministers of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wang Dao and Xie An, were too jealous to take concubines by their wives. Therefore, "fear of internal" is actually part of traditional Chinese culture.
Tang Dynasty Meng Di's "Benshi Poem", in the section "Mocking Drama":
Emperor Zhongzong dynasty, Imperial Master Pei Tan, Chongfeng Shishi. The wife is fierce, and the talk is like a strict king. Taste the man: "The wife has the fearsome three: when she is young, she is regarded as a bodhisattva." And before the men and women are full, they regard it as the Nine Sons Demon Mother, and someone is not afraid of the Nine Sons Demon Mother? and fifty, sixty. Thin makeup powder, or black, as a dove pan, ann someone is not afraid of dove pan di? "Shi Weishu people attacked the wu clan's wind track, and Emperor Zhongzong gradually feared it. Neiyan sang "The Words of Qiao Bo", and there are excellent words: "When You are a tree, it is also very good to be afraid of women." There was only Pei Tan on the outside, and there was no Elder Li on the inside. "Wei Hou was self-satisfied, and gave it to him with a bundle.
The lyrics of The Word are the names of the songs of the Music House at that time, and each sentence is six words, a total of four sentences. The first sentence begins with the words "when it is a time to strike". This story is very famous, telling the story of the Tang Dynasty imperial master Pei Tan who believed in Buddhism, but he was afraid of his wife. The Nine Sons of the Devil Mother is the devil's mother in the Buddhist scriptures, it is said that there are five hundred sons born, who devour the children in the city of Wangshe day by day, and then become the goddess of blessing the birth of the child through the enlightenment of the Buddha. Pei Tan compares his wife to three Buddhist figures, which shows how much he is afraid. Emperor Zhongzong's empress Dowager Wei was very powerful, and Emperor Zhongzong was afraid of her. Even, there are youling who sing at the court banquet, and Webster is still very proud and rewards the actors with bundles. It is estimated that this story was famous in the government and the public at that time, and it was well known to everyone.
The Tang Dynasty monarchs were afraid of the inside was nothing new. Liu Biao's "Sui and Tang Jia Dialect" said: The founding name of the Tang Dynasty, Fang Xuan, was a high-ranking person, and Tang Taizong wanted to "give beauty" to him, but he repeatedly resigned. Because his wife "Zhi Concubine". Emperor Taizong summoned Lady Fang to persuade her that it was a "regular system" for the chancellor to take concubines, but "the lady was determined not to return." Emperor Taizong said, "Would you rather live without jealousy or die of jealousy?" Madame said, "I would rather die of jealousy." Emperor Taizong said, "Here's a glass of poisonous wine, you drink it." Mrs. Fang took up her wine glass and drank it all. The result was not dead, it turned out to be a cup of vinegar. Tang Taizong said, "I am also afraid of such a wife, not to mention Fang Xuangong." This is probably where the word "jealousy" comes from.
As for Emperor Gaozong of Tang's fear of Wu Zetian, he almost turned "Li Tianxia" into a "martial artist's shop", which is even more famous in history.
4
Afterword
In fact, whether you are afraid of your wife has nothing to do with what region or person, and it has nothing to do with what era, and there are such cases in ancient and modern China and abroad. It is easy to say that men are "afraid of the inside", which is a product of a masculine society. A family, a department or a country, who has the final say, mainly depends on who has power, more accurately, who is more powerful, who has more skill. For example, Empress Elizabeth I of Britain and Catherine II of Russia are the most powerful empresses in the world, and their husbands and sons are afraid of them, comparable to Wu Zetian in China, of course, they have more world vision than Wu Zetian. But not so many charges are inflicted on them. There have been many empresses in the history of old Europe, many female politicians in modern times, Margaret Thatcher of the past, and Merkel of the present, who are many more capable than the male dictators who are "nothing" (Schwarzkopf of the United States at the time of the first Gulf War). There are very few such strong women in China, so in the past two thousand years, there have been a few such as Lü Hou, Wu Zetian, Wei Shi, Cixi, etc., and as a result, posterity has added a lot of notoriety to their heads, and invented idioms such as MuJi Si Chen and Women are Evil Water, Tang Ming Emperor caused the Anshi Chaos, but pushed the charge on Yang Guifei's head, which is the most logic.