【Wind Rise Hall Original Article |.] Carrying and washing the manuscript must be investigated, the picture comes from the network, contact invasion and deletion] Cao Dewang: It is difficult for the factory to recruit people, Li Dongsheng: 1 intelligent production line only needs 2 people! Parents: Do you still want to divert the middle school entrance examination?
01 Job diversion has long existed
Discussions on the inner volume of education continue.
The general view among parents is that under the "equal vocational" middle school entrance examination diversion system, almost half of junior high school graduates cannot enter high school and will have to enter vocational school to learn technology and become industrial workers.
Yang Dongping, a member of the National Education Advisory Committee and a professor at Beijing Polytechnic University, said that the diversion of vocational popularization has long existed, and the actual admission rate of Pugao in some areas has reached about 60%.
Professor Yang said that statistics show that in the 11 years from 2010 to 2020 in China, the admission rate of ordinary high schools has remained at about 50%. This means that nearly half of the junior high school graduates cannot go to high school every year, some of them directly enter the society, and some of them enter the vocational high school.
From the general high acceptance rate of 50% to about 75% of the university admission rate (the data of the past 10 years), finally only 37.5% of students entered the university.
According to the conversion of millions of college graduates every year, even if the part that enters the society after deducting the middle school entrance examination, the industrial workers after graduating from vocational school should also be tens of millions, and common sense, the domestic manufacturing industry should not have a shortage of industrial workers.
But what is the reality?
02 Cao Dewang: Factories are difficult to recruit, Li Dongsheng: 1 production line only needs 2 people!
In the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and other traditional manufacturing clusters, is continuing to encounter "labor shortage", especially some manufacturing enterprises are difficult to recruit workers, many business owners complained that in the past, workers entered the factory to pay intermediary fees, and now it is completely reversed, the owners of various enterprises hold advertisements, rows, waiting for workers to come to apply. One boss complained that more workers are now hiring than looking for jobs, and the boss has become begging workers to go to work!
As a representative of the physical manufacturing industry, Cao Dewang, chairman of Fuyao Group, has also repeatedly expressed the dilemma of young people preferring to deliver takeaways and run online car-hailing rather than enter the factory.
Judging from the current situation of various recruitment difficulties, it seems that half of the middle school entrance examination diversion has entered the high school, and it is indeed necessary to send manufacturing talents for the industry.
However, the proportion of "job diversion" that has been maintained in China for 11 years is still less talented? Where have people gone? Why is there still a shortage of people in the factory?
Li Dongsheng, founder and chairman of TCL, said in an interview with CCTV reporters at the production line site: Now the intelligent manufacturing production line, intelligence, automation is becoming more and more popular, the use of workers is less and less, a production line as long as two people can be.
"Only 2 people in a production line"? Yes, this is the current manufacturing industry, intelligent manufacturing is becoming more and more popular, has long been not a workshop of hundreds of people in the human-intensive low-level industrial manufacturing.
For example, Cao Dewang's recruitment difficulties, where is the difficulty?
Cao Dewang said in an education forum that Fuyao Group provides a large number of jobs around the world every year, but often faces the dilemma of difficulty in recruiting workers.
Cao Dewang further explained the reasons: on the one hand, the number of university enrollment has increased, but college graduates are reluctant to enter the factory, and they will feel faceless and undignified; on the other hand, the discipline settings of some universities cannot be adapted to social needs, and the students cultivated may not meet the needs of enterprises.
Then the answer comes out, Cao Dewang said that the recruitment difficulty is difficult to recruit college students into the factory; and the real production line technical workers, as Li Dongsheng said, as Li Dongsheng said, as long as there are two people in a production line, there is no need for so many low-skilled manpower!
The current situation of industrial employment expressed by Cao Dewang and Li Dongsheng has also been officially confirmed by relative authority.
Gao Gao, deputy secretary-general of the National Development and Reform Commission, said on the current situation of professional talents: With the acceleration of the transformation and upgrading of the domestic industrial structure, especially the rapid deepening and expansion of some new scientific and technological applications, we have not kept up with the situation in the training of skilled talents in the short term, so there is a structural gap.
Obviously, under the demand for industrial upgrading and high-skilled talents, the vocational skills cultivated at the current level are not needed by the manufacturing industry.
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Of course, for some low-level industrial manufacturing, individual workshop-type factories that are already facing backward and eliminated production capacity, in some low-level positions such as cutting heads, sorters, etc., there is no need for vocational school graduates to go, but with the return of the first generation of migrant workers, these factories have difficulties in recruiting workers.
In addition, young people are reluctant to enter the factory, there is a real problem, low social recognition, low treatment, long overtime, no interpersonal space, at the same time, but also face the city rent, the future to buy a house, marry and have children and other major pressures. In a word, the huge pressure of life makes young people feel that there is no hope of entering the factory.
Wuhan has gradually awakened the city that has lived for 21 years and carries too many memories. The most seen on the street are the takeaway guy and the sanitation worker. Due to urban development
For middle-aged people, there is a huge pressure to take care of the family on the one hand, such as housing, education, and pension, so that the work of takeaway, online car-hailing, and express delivery that is relatively free in time is more attractive.
Overall observation, the phenomenon of lack of labor in the manufacturing industry is actually asymmetrical between supply and demand, which is manifested in two points:
(1), the lack of low-level personnel is: backward production capacity factories are not attractive, backward salary and treatment is not attractive; (2), high-level shortage is: because some vocational school graduates can not meet the needs of intelligent factory employment.
03 Parents: Is it still necessary to divert the middle school entrance examination?
From the perspective of employment needs, parents' anxiety about the diversion of the middle school entrance examination is actually reasonable.
Then, parents who are still in the inner volume for their children's further education should ask: the middle school entrance examination has been diverted for more than ten years, the manufacturing industry is still short of work, is it still necessary to divert the middle school entrance examination? Why can't high school be triaged?
In this regard, Professor Yao Yang of Peking University believes that the current system of diverting the middle school entrance examination is no longer suitable for the current situation of China's industrial upgrading, and vocational school students who have begun to learn the application of technology after graduating from junior high school have been difficult to meet the requirements of intelligent manufacturing for senior blue-collar workers. Professor Yao Yang suggested that all children should be allowed to choose the vocational education route or the university route after reading the general high school.
In fact, the diversion of the middle school entrance examination cannot solve the problem of recruitment difficulties in the current manufacturing industry, but it has a certain negative and irreversible impact on the future growth of children who have graduated from junior high school.
First, the mental development of junior high school graduates is not mature enough, the negative social impact can not be effectively identified and resisted, they are more likely to be disappointed in the future and negation of themselves because they cannot continue to study, so that they are not mature enough personality, premature entry into the uneven level of vocational high school system, the success rate is low;
Second, the demand for high-tech talents for domestic industrial upgrading has soared, and the original initial Chinese level basis has certain learning difficulties after entering vocational schools, which is not conducive to the cultivation of technical talents under the new situation.
Third, due to the long-term formation of social reality, such as the value of "success studies" and "poisonous chicken soup" such as further education, employment, high salaries, and buying a house, the excessive worship of high academic qualifications and the neglect of the value status of industrial workers by social needs have also forced parents and students to align themselves with further education.
Write at the end:
Under today's situation, the difficulty of recruiting workers in the manufacturing industry is not a middle school entrance examination diversion can be solved, and the real asymmetry between supply and demand, the worship of academic qualifications, and the deviation of social values are the deep-seated reasons for the difficulty of recruiting workers in education and manufacturing.
Chen Zhiwen, editor-in-chief of China Education Online, said when talking about the inner volume of education that education has become the back of social problems, which is considered to be the essence.
Of course, if you extend it, aren't parents and children also the backs of this inner volume?
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