"The Biography of the Painter" ~ 331
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > Li Shizuo's uncle Gao Qipei, personally taught him finger painting. His characters are all landscapes, flowers and birds! </h1>
Text/Lu Xiuhui
Li Shizhuo (1687-1770) character Tianzhang, yizi Hanzhang, Tiantao, alias Shishi Jushi, Taiping Humble Official, Yiqishanren, Qing Zai Gu Zhai, also known as Jingyuan, Xingjiao, Jushi, Fengtian (present-day Shenyang, Liaoning) people, Yi Zuo Sanhan (present-day southwest of Inner Mongolia Karaqin Banner), subordinate to the Han Army Zhenghuang Banner.
Li Shizhuo's father, Li Chenglong (李如龙), served as Yuyao Ling in the nineteenth year of Kangxi, the prefect of Taiyuan in the 37th year of Kangxi, the governor of Taiyuan in March 54, the envoy of Shandong province to the governor of Shandong in October 55, the governor of Anhui in October 55, the governor of Huguang in August of the third year of Yongzheng, and the governor of Zhengbai banner of the Han Army in September of the fourth year of Yongzheng (recorded). On the eleventh day of the first month of the third year of Yongzheng, the Yongzheng Emperor once wrote a fold for Li Chenglong, the governor of Anhui, and said: "In recent years, Tang Yao has been very much a blessing, greedy for bribes, and he is very much blamed for his failure. If your son is in Shaanxi, you are a worldly friend, and if you are reasonable, you can, and if you are afraid to attach yourself to him, you are afraid that you will be involved with him. At that time, Li Shizuo was serving as a Shenmu Daoist, and li Shizuo's family had a family relationship with the Nian Tangyao family.
Li Shizuo's mother was Gao Qipei's sister, and Gao Qipei was the official to the deputy capital Yushi. Good at painting landscapes, figures, flowers and birds, fruits, each with its own beauty. Li Shizuo studied painting with him and received his advice. Li Shizuo studied finger painting with his uncle Gao Qipei at an early age, and almost learned the point of chaos. Once, Gao Qipei was working on "The Year of the Dynasty", and when the painting was halfway through, a visitor came to visit. Gao Qipei then accompanied the guests to the parlor to reminisce. Li Shizuo was looking at the unfinished painting in a daze, and he was oblivious to see it. Unable to help himself for a moment, he forgot who the painter was in the face of the painting case, entered a realm that could not control himself, involuntarily dipped his fingers in ink, and then painted on his uncle's unfinished painting. After the uncle sent the guests away, he came to the studio, looked at the painting carefully, and said to himself: "Well, it's time to write a question!" Li Shizuo saw that his uncle did not recognize his sequel, and his heart was secretly happy. In fact, Gao Qipei had already seen it, but pretended not to know, and secretly rejoiced: "Shi Qipei's painting skills have grown so fast, and the widow can be taught!" Later, as soon as he encountered Suo Painting, he also asked his nephew to complete it for him.
When Li Shizuo was a teenager, he followed his father on a tour in Jiangnan, and met Wang Yi, one of the "Four Kings" who was in the limelight, and got him to personally lecture on painting, and later traveled with Ma Yiyou. Ma Yi chang acquaintance, is a generation of traditional Chinese flower and bird painting generation grandmaster Yun Shouping descendants, Ma Yi's father Ma Yuanyi is Yun Shouping's disciple, Ma Yi from childhood, got Yun Shouping true transmission, and later learned from the calligraphy and painting master Jiang Tingxi to learn flowers, good at painting fish. Kangxi once asked Jiang Tingxi who was the strongest of his disciples, and Jiang Tingxi replied that Ma Yi had resigned from the imperial court on the pretext of his mother and elder. Li Shizhuo's "Inscription Painting", Shiyun:
Yellow huts in the depths of the chaotic mountains,
Living Water Bay Head Whiteboard Bridge.
But people often ask the words,
Drama katsuya kasaki.
Li Shizhuo's family had a strong political power, and his father, Li Chenglong, was a feudal official, because Li Chenglong and Nian Qianyao were family friends, and the relationship between the two was even warned by Yongzheng, strictly ordering Li Chenglong and Nian Qianyao to "be reasonable, if you are afraid to join him, I am afraid that he will be involved." He also warned Li Chenglong's son, Li Shikuo, to pay attention to keeping a distance from Nian Qianyao. At that time, Li Shizhuo was in shaanxi Shenmu Dao, and it was possible that Nian Qianyao would have dealt with him, so he had to guard against Wei Du gradually. Li Shizuo's mother, the Gao family, was also politically strong, and Li Shizuo's grandfather Gao Shangyi brought out high-ranking officials, and among his descendants, such as Gao Tianjue, Gao Chengjue, Gao Yinjue, Gao Xijue, Gao Qiwei, Gao Qipu, Gao Qipei, Gao Qiwei, Gao Qiren, Gao Qiyou, Gao Qishen, and Gao Qilun were all high-ranking officials of the Qing Dynasty. Gao Shangyi has 7 sons and 3 daughters, the eldest son is a university scholar, and the other children are feudal governors and officials of ministries and commissions, and their power is unprecedented.
In April of the 51st year of the Reign of Kangxi, Li Shizuo was appointed as the Governor of Taicang Prefecture in Suzhou Prefecture, Jiangnan Province; in June of the 58th year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Li Shizuo served in the Sichuan-Shaanxi Army; in March of the first year of the Yongzheng Dynasty, he was appointed as the Shenmu Dao of Shaanxi and in November of the first year of the Yongzheng Dynasty; in May of the sixth year of The Yongzheng Dynasty, Li Shizuo was transferred from SongmaoDao, Sichuan to the Envoy of The Inspector of Gansu in Shaanxi Province; in December of the eleventh year of yongzheng, Li Shizuo was transferred from the envoy of Gansu, Shaanxi to the envoy of the Hubei Province; in April of the first year of Qianlong, Li Shizuo was transferred from the former Hubei Envoy to the Envoy of the General Administration He also served as an official of Taichang, an official of sacrifice and ceremonies in the Qing Dynasty, and Li Shikuo was the last official to be the deputy capital of Yushi. Qianlong Emperor Hongli "Li Shizhuo from the Confucius Temple to see the ritual instrument circuit on the map Taishan Yifeng to dedicate the cause of the inscription on it", poem Yun:
Jing Xing ji looked at the palace wall, and saw that the ritual was too common.
Jia Ling chi went to pass it on, but took Tai Yue into the gui.
Tianguan tigers and leopards are often serious, and the pine dragon town is lush.
It is the place where you climb the overlook next year, so as to teach yun ri to look up to emperor Ren.
Qing Dynasty painting, under the influence of politics, economy, ideology, culture and other aspects at that time, presented a specific style of the times. Literati painting is popular, landscape painting is flourishing, and ink freehand painting is prevalent. Literati painting presents two tendencies: sublime and innovative. In terms of subject matter content, ideological interest, pen and ink skills, etc., they have different pursuits, and form a variety of styles and genres. Court painting also achieved great development during the Kangxi and Qianlong periods, and presented a new style that was very different from the previous generation of courtyards.
Literati painting increasingly occupied the mainstream of the painting world, and the creation of landscape painting and ink freehand painting were prevalent. There are many genres in the painting world, which are unprecedented. There were four monks, including Jia Yan, Shi Tao, Zhu Yun, and Hongren. The Eight Houses of Jinling, represented by Gong Xian, and the Xin'an Sect represented by Zha Shibiao and Mei Qing. In Yangzhou, where the commodity economy is developed, a new artistic trend has been set off, forming the Yangzhou School of Painting represented by the Eight Monsters of Yangzhou, which has had a profound impact on modern flowers and birds. The Qianlong Emperor Hongli "Li Shizhuo came to play things because of fate on Gao Tu Jingshe wrote a poem before the poetic restoration of a poem", poem Yun:
Jingshe Qinshu Jing, Qingqing pen and ink Clear.
It is time to become a pleasure to write poetry because of fate.
Spring into the mountains without water, the wind through the trees with a sound.
There is no need to talk about Dong Ju, the powder of the valley god.
In the early and middle Qing Dynasty, finger painting was a rising and exuberant art form, such as Wang Qiushan and Gao Qipei in the Qing Dynasty. Scholars have different views on the origin of finger painting, some people think that it originated from Zhang in the Tang Dynasty, some people think that it began with Gao Qipei during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, and some people think that it began with The Ancestor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty. At present, it is believed that finger painting began in the Kangxi Dynasty.
Li Shizhuo's uncle Gao Qipei personally taught Li Shizhuo finger painting, Gao Qipei's personally taught students, and students who studied indirectly, some were famous painters of the Qing Dynasty, some were Qing Dynasty officials and painters, and some were calligraphy and painting enthusiasts famous for finger painting, and they were also Li Shizuo's brothers. They have successively participated in and engaged in the creation of finger paintings, stepping on the road of art after Gao Qipei, thus enriching the finger painting art of the Qing Dynasty, and by the late Qing Dynasty, the more famous finger painting artists have reached more than one hundred people, which has greatly enriched the creation of finger paintings. Gao Qipei's nephew Gao Bing wrote "Finger Painting Theory", and the painters who listed the special achievements of gong finger painting were Gan Huaiyuan, Zhao Chengmu, Li Shikuo, Sakda, Yu Wangting, Kyaw Losimi Yang A, Ying Mu, and so on. Zhu Lunhan and Li Shizuo often ghostwrote Gao Qipei's large finger paintings, and Li Shizuo obviously pointed to the Dingjun figures of the painting school. Qianlong Emperor Hongli "Title Li ShiKuo Shu Lin Pavilion", Shi Yun:
There is often a thousand miles in the chest, and a stream and a ravine are also infinite.
Ni Yunlin, a mysterious person, has recently been quite capable of working with Dong Li.
After the green drops of rain washed in the distant mountains, Qiao Ke was cool in the middle of the summer.
The four pillars of the pavilion are not narrow, and the twilight mist faces the Arashi.
Remembering the best place that used to be like this,
It is in the east of the mountainous valley.
Li Shizuo is one of the "Ten Philosophers in Painting", under the care of Gao Qipei and Lou Dong, the patriarchy is pure and the pen is also beautiful. Its landscape is nourished by the "Four Kings" Lou Dong Sect; its character, Li Shizuo, said that he had read the map of Wu Daozi's water and land dojo, and thus learned from it the ancient law of his predecessors. Its flowers, birds, and fruits are all kinds of freehand, and the uncles, mainly Gao Qipei finger ink, can use the pen to peek through it, so it can become a family of its own. In his later years, Li Shizhuo liked to use finger ink as characters, flowers and birds, and rubbed it with burnt ink, which was quite light and shallow. Li Shizuo is more than eighty years old and his eyesight is not reduced, and he can still paint and write small letters. The finger painting technique is even more old-fashioned, and he once titled himself "Year Chao Tu" Cloud: "The finger dipped in ink is from the Shao Si Kou and the Garden Uncle Clan, and there is no ancient one." Yu Zhi's statute of limitations, the uncle's remuneration for each order, can not be discerned. ”
Li Shizhuo's works include Yongzheng's three-year "Miscellaneous Album", his eleventh-year "Zhong Kui Ce Jie Zai Wine Map" axis (finger painting), which is now in the Liaoning Provincial Museum; the axis of "Xishan Visiting Friends" and the "Song Zhu Tu" scroll are stored in the Palace Museum in Shenyang; the axis of "Tinglin Mountain Color Map" and the "Peony Map" axis are stored in the Shanghai Museum; the axis of "Qingshu Mountain Museum Map" is stored in the Palace Museum; and the axis of "Autumn Rain Jiangnan Map" is stored in the Guangzhou Art Museum.
Li Shizhuo's "Gao Tu Jingshe Tu", now in the Palace Museum in Beijing. Gao Tu Jingshe Tu (皋涂精舍圖) is a work written by Li Shikuan at the behest of Emperor Qianlong (1747). In his poems, Qianlong admired Li Shizuo's creation, and gao tu jingshe was the royal bookstore in the Yuhua Temple in Xiangshan. The painting was most likely made by Li Shizuo on a mission when he was traveling with Qianlong.
This "Gao Tu Jingshe Map" takes a bird's eye view, uses pen work to make a delicate show, and paints majestic mountains, lush forests of trees, flat peaks and waists on the top of the mountain, or pavilions with typos, and lonely sheds dotted among them. The peaks rise and fall, the roads are winding and overgrown, and the buildings on the high platforms are rich and exquisite, and the surrounding trees are different from other places, tall and stout. The painting is more delicately painted, the author of the Fayuan Dynasty Wang Meng, with a fine brush as a cow hair, with ink is drier, light color, but not too particular about pen and ink interest, with a certain court painting style of the courtyard.
Lu Xiuhui has a poem "Song for Li Shikuo Tianzhang", praising:
Hu Zi walked on the garden, bowed and gardened.
The article does not leave hate, the truth is sent to the painting.
Sun foot golden green jacket, strange world worker.
Good ugly for a while, honor and humiliation for several generations.
Bright foreman day and night, the Holy Lord orders the west and the east.
Countless lines of text, a painting of a sad man.
Don't blame Junzhi tail, the same color of the dry pen.
Li Jia Ru Jian, Gao Shi Wannian Pine.
The past is like a cloud, the unknown is like a firmament.
The paper is left confused, and the leaves are endlessly lost.
New bamboo shoots ring outside the sills, and the old sound bells of the ancient temple.
Cool and distant, flowers are close to the end.
This duke is already haggard, only smelling of quaint style.