《Shizuka Nossion》 Don Lee Bai The bright moonlight in front of the bed is suspected to be frost on the ground. Look up at the bright moon and look down at your hometown.
The popularity and popularity of this small poem in China, just like the name Li Bai, can be described as a household name, known to women and children. Some people may even not know Li Bai, but they can face the moon in the sky and chant, "Look up at the bright moon, look down at your hometown." ”
But the version we learned in the textbook is probably not Li Bai's original poem. Some scholars have proposed that there are at least 50 different versions of the four poems of "Quiet Night Reflections", and it is difficult to know which manuscript is closer to Li Bai's original poem, and the "Look up at the Bright Moon" version was only determined in the Ming Dynasty.
While the 50 may be a bit of an exaggeration, there are generally two versions circulating today.
One is that it was selected for inclusion in the textbook, and the version we are familiar with comes from the "Three Hundred Poems of Tang Dynasty":
The bright moonlight in front of the bed is suspected to be frost on the ground. Look up at the bright moon and look down at your hometown.
There is also a version of the Song Dynasty, contained in the Song Shu engraving of li taibai anthology (vol. 6):
"Looking at the moonlight in front of the bed, it was suspected that it was frost on the ground. Look up at the mountain moon and look down at your hometown. ”
Because these poems were compiled and cataloged by later generations, it is difficult to determine which is closer to Li Bai's original version, or whether later generations deliberately rewrote some of the content for dissemination during the compilation.
Although the controversy is constant, it is generally based on the inclusion of the "Three Hundred Poems of Tang Dynasty".
However, the biggest controversy about this poem is not the question of version, but what is the "bed" of "bright moonlight in front of the bed"?
Why is there such a controversy, because some people say that there are inconsistencies, if it is in front of the bed, how can there be frost on the floor of the house? Therefore, what is the "bed" has become the biggest controversy in this poem.
There is a view that "bed" refers to the well bar, because the ancient well bar is also called the silver bed. This kind of statement is indeed common in poetry: "The dream of the silver bed of ice and smoke is not possible, and the blue sky is as light as water and night clouds." From Wen Tingjun's "Yao Ser Grievance"; "I don't collect gold bombs and throw them out of the forest, but I regret that the silver bed is at the head of the well." "From Li Shangyin's "Fuping Shaohou". But it can be found that these poems appear as "silver bed" rather than just a "bed". Therefore, it is unreasonable to insist on saying that the "bed" is a "silver bed" here.
Then there are also views that say that it is a window sill, because the bed can pass through the "window", of course, I have not seen such a pass. I don't see it, it doesn't mean there isn't, and I can't assume that it exists or not with my crude insight. So I consulted some materials and found some poets who were earlier than Li Bai to see what the "bed" in their poems meant, and whether there was any use of "window". But unfortunately I looked around and found that there was really no such usage.
Then there is another, and the most vocal, saying that is, "bed" refers to the bed. The hu bed was the seat of the ancient people, which is what we call the little maza today.
"Li Ji Nei Ze": "Parents and uncles will sit, and the seat will invite He Xiang; the elder will be invited to he toe, and the young will hold the bed and sit." The "bed" here is the hu bed;
Yan Zhenqing wrote in the "Twelve Intentions of Zhang Changshi": "Zhang Gongnai sat on the bed in the hall and ordered his servants to live on a small bed. The "bed" here is also a beard bed.
Seeing this, I believe that many people have already whispered in their hearts: Yes! It's the bed.
However, I don't know if you noticed that the above examples of "beds" as beds are in the article, not in the poem. You might say: What's the difference? Then I will tell you that there is a big difference here, the number of words in the article is more, the front and back are laid out, and they echo each other, and the reader can easily understand that the "bed" in the article is a hu bed. In poetry, the number of words is limited, the words are exhausted and the meaning is infinite, and the words are often accurate and will not be misunderstood. Therefore, in the poem, "Hu Bed" is a proper noun, and there is no need to use the bed to refer to the Hu Bed.
Idle leaning on the Bed, Yu Gonglou outside the peak of a thousand flowers. ——Su Shi, "Dotted Lips, Idle Leaning Hu Bed" Bring the willow to chase the outside cool, paint the south bank of the bridge leaning on the bed. —— Qin Guan "Na Liang" The lonely bed wine first woke up. ——Liu Guangzu, "Dong Xian Song Lotus" The stage chief stepped down late early, and moved all over the bed and there was nowhere to move. ——Yang Wanli, "The Temple of Heaven after the Summer Solstice"
Therefore, if the "bed" of "bright moonlight before the bed" is a hu bed, then Li Bai's poem should be written directly - hu bed bright moonlight.
In summary, none of these so-called disputes are valid.
The "bed" of the "bright moonlight in front of the bed" is the bed, which is the tool used for sleeping.
Cao Pi's "Yan Song Xing": The bright moon shines on my bed, and the stars and Han xiliu are still in the night. Du Fu's "Song of the Hut Broken by the Autumn Wind": The bedside house leaks without dryness, and the rain feet are like hemp and not broken. Li Shangyin's "Duanju": The distant book returns to the dream of two leisurely, and only the empty bed is the enemy Su Qiu.
No one has ever denied that the "bed" in the poems of Cao Pi, Du Fu, and Li Shangyin is a bed, so why is the "bed" in Li Bai's "Quiet Night Thoughts" not a bed?
The reason for this is only caused by the three words "frost on the ground".
So let's take a look, if it is in front of the bed, is there possible frost on the floor of the house? Is this contradictory?
First of all, the frost here may be real frost. In autumn, the nights are cold, and it is normal for "white dew to frost".
This poem "Quiet Night Thoughts" was composed by Li Bai on September 15, 726, the fourteenth year of Tang Xuanzong's kaiyuan (726), at the Yangzhou Hostel, when Li Bai was 27 years old.
The conditions of the hostel where Li Bai lived at that time may not be very good, the wind is ventilated on all sides, the temperature inside the house is very low, and the water sprinkled on the ground condenses into frost. It's possible.
Second, the "frost" here is a metaphor that compares the moonlight of an autumn night to autumn frost. This is more common in poetry: in the poem "Xuanpu Naliang" by Emperor Xiao Gang of Liangjian, there is a sentence "The night moon is like autumn frost"; the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxuan also has a sentence "Frost in the air does not feel flying" in "Spring River Flower Moon Night" to write about the empty and clear moonlight.
Here the poet is awakened in the middle of the night, and the moonlight shines through the window or through the crack in the wall, sprinkling in front of the bed like autumn frost.
But either way, it's an extremely natural depiction, and it's not contradictory.
Finally, why do Li Bai have so many poems, but many people cling to this poem? Why is this little poem so well known so controversial?
I thought about it, probably because this poem is not like Li Bai's poem, Li Bai's (other) poems are either imaginative and magnificent, majestic and unrestrained, or the language is wonderful and full of romanticism. On the other hand, this little poem is so unremarkable. Therefore, there are always people who think that things will not be so simple, this is the poetry of the poet Li Bai. But you don't have to! The Ming dynasty man Hu Yinglin once said: "The so-called "those who have no intention of working and do not work without doing anything." ”
Naturally! Avenue to Jane!
This "Quiet Night Thought" is like this, you say?
Well, that's it for this issue, and we'll see you next time.
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