Wen | Rongrong
During the Northern Song Dynasty, there were many history books for more than a thousand years, but there was no systematic general history to help the emperor learn from the past and the present.
Drawing on several historical books written by Sima Guang, Emperor Shenzong of Song expressed the sentiment that "in view of the past, he has the resources to govern the Tao", and was determined to strengthen his rule from the historical gains and losses as an admonition, and gave Sima Guang a difficult and systematic task, and named it "Zizhi Tongjian" in advance.
Sima Guang spent 19 years and devoted himself to compiling the 294-volume Zizhi Tongjian, which focuses on political, military, and ethnic relations, as well as the evaluation of economic, cultural, and historical figures, with the aim of warning future generations by describing the policies of the ruling class that are related to the rise and fall of the country and the rise and fall of the nation.
Zhang Juzheng, a two-generation emperor, personally commented on the Zizhi Tongjian and explained it to the Wanli Emperor.
The Kangxi Emperor, who was a brilliant strategist, also regarded this book as an important reference for his own management and decision-making, and repeatedly read and speculated throughout his life.
Later writer Jin Yong was also a beneficiary, saying: "I have been reading the Zizhi Tongjian for decades, and while reading it, I have studied it... The Zizhi Tongjian has made me understand the law of Chinese history, and almost all Chinese have also acted according to this law. ”
The fascination of the big celebrities with the "Zizhi Tongjian" makes our ordinary readers also flock to it and eager to try it, but open the first sentence of the Zizhi Tongjian:
"Rise up (chú) Yong Zhi Ti Ge, do your best to be trapped by Xuan Di (yì)", dissuading countless people.
It is actually normal to not understand it, "YongZhiTig, Xuan Di Sleepy Dun" is the ancient official Taiyi chronology method, which can correspond to a specific year.
In ancient times, serious readers wrote the emperor's masterpieces, paying attention to small words and great righteousness, especially in the officially revised history books such as Zizhi Tongjian.
From the perspective of narrative mode, Sima Guang also designed the difficulty, just like the narrative order of "Zhou Jiyi" is the year, explaining the major events, and then discussing, and finally describing the events in detail, this kind of writing method of discussing first and then narrating has undoubtedly increased the difficulty of reading.
Sima Guang read about 300 kinds of materials when compiling the "Zizhi Tongjian", and he was very talented, and he came up with the works of the sages such as the "I Ching", "Spring and Autumn", and "Shangshu", which increased the literary value of the "Zizhi Tongjian", but also increased the reading threshold, which is difficult for modern ordinary readers to reach.
Book lovers will have the "Zizhi Tongjian" "Qizhi Tongjian", "go to the book, fall to the full, plain ash silk when the scroll", many times the intention of flipping through, but the threshold is high, helpless to put it on the shelf again.
The thick set of "Zizhi Tongjian Xiong Yi Edition" produced by the production is special in intensive reading, each with detailed popular science literature and historical common sense, with the vision and knowledge reserve of contemporary people word by word and careful interpretation, illuminating the knowledge dark angles of ordinary readers.
Xiong Yi is a pure reader and is known as a "hermit of contemporary thought". More than a decade ago, "Spring and Autumn Righteousness" is generally regarded as a perfect combination of professional skills and popular brushwork, sweeping away the consistent drawbacks of online history that there is more than enough popular and insufficient depth.
It is not difficult to simply extract the modern ideas of the "Zizhi Tongjian", such as management, the way of dealing with the world, and the art of scheming, but like Xiong Yi, it is necessary to extend the political and historical knowledge system from the words and lines compiled by Sima Guang in 19 years, and truly achieve the cultural transmission of teaching and solving puzzles.
Zizhi Tongjian Xiong Yi Edition pioneered the comprehensive and meticulous interpretation of this traditional masterpiece, which is mainly reflected in several special features:
First, classic ancient books, the more you read the thicker, the amount of knowledge and so on
Modern people pursue efficiency, major social networking sites posted books and photos and videos, a year down, reading and so on.
Reading is a beautiful illusion, if carefully observed, it will never contain classic masterpieces, especially the classics of words and sentences, concise and concise.
The French writer Flaubert said: "Whoever can read five or six books can become a university inquirer." Of course, Flaubert does not mean cool texts and patchwork books, but probably refers to classic books.
Reading a book is not difficult to break through ten thousand volumes, the key is still the content of the book. Chairman Mao read the Zizhi Tongjian 17 times, Jin Yong pondered it repeatedly, and the emperor asked gao ren to give a lecture... A good book is a treasure of knowledge, and different people can read different contents at different stages and obtain endless wisdom power.
Before Xiong Yi wrote, he read the materials that Sima Guang had consulted thoroughly to understand Sima Guang's trade-offs and tailoring, so that he could get closer to the writing intention of Zizhi Tongjian.
Xiong Yi's version, the first series alone, is as high as 900,000 words, and only the interpretation of "Zhou Ji I" and "Zhou Ji II" can be seen in its level of detail and knowledge content.
The root cause of modern people's anxiety about everything is than speed, but the essence of competition is than mass and concentration. Through the meticulous and in-depth reading of a book, through the two veins of reading and cognition, and appreciating the essence of the classic historiography masterpieces, I am afraid that the achievement is the highest realm of integrated reading - to the vast and subtle.
Second, multi-dimensional learning of the meaning of historical events
The historical stories we are familiar with, because of their positive energy dissemination function, people are more willing to simple and positive empowerment narratives, but their changeable possibilities are ignored, missing the opportunity to approach the truth of history.
Xiong Yi's attitude toward writing books strives to be close to Sima Guang's rigorous editing attitude. For example, in the Battle of Jinyang, Zhi Yao wanted water to flood Jinyang, and finally regurgitated, and deserved it.
Xiong Yi interpreted the feasibility of this historical event from a heavy perspective.
First of all, the historical record of the water conservancy project in Jincheng is examined.
The Warring States Policy and the Records of History record this event as briefly as the Zizhi Tongjian and do not explain its operational principles.
Referring to the professional book "Water Commentary", it is explained in detail, the first step is to stop the river to store water, build a dike, the second step is to dig a canal to divert water to Jinyang City, and the third step is to build a dam to besiege the city. The Japanese movie "City of Puppets" can be used as a visual reference.
The Zizhi Tongjian does not record the time spent on this huge project, but the Warring States Policy records that Guang jinyang soaked in water for three years.
Second, the examination and tracing of historical truth
The Zizhi Tongjian says that in Jinyang City, the people's pot stoves were flooded, but no one rebelled. The "Chronicle of History" says that in jinyang city, the people have no food and no stove, and when the people who "change their children and eat" eat people, they are miserable. The "Warring States Policy" says that Jinyang City was trapped for three years, and the people nested in a high place and barely survived.
Sima Guang's version was not adapted alone, but based on the Chinese, and the reason for choosing this version is because the Chinese is the earliest historical record of the Battle of Jinyang, and there are no ethical flaws, and educating people is also the idea of Sima Guang's book.
Third, we should not blindly follow Sima Guang's arguments and pay attention to speculative thinking
In the "Zizhi Tongjian", Sima Guang often makes judgments about historical events, Zhi Yao was defeated in the Battle of Jinyang, the Zhi family played a good hand of cards to the end, the family perished, and Sima Guang analyzed and summarized only three words " to win virtue " .
At the beginning, Sima Guang did the foreshadowing of Zhi Yao is that the conditions are good in the eyes of everyone, but the virtue is not of standard, and at the end, Zhi Yao is arrogant and hegemonic, and has become the target of everyone, or because of his misconduct.
Xiong Yi did not make a big fuss about this, reinforcing Sima Guang's assertion to show that he was educating people. Instead, from the objective perspective of modern people, it analyzes its causes in multiple dimensions, and believes that Zhiyao's failure is accidental.
If Zhi Yao's water conservancy project is more powerful and powerful, and the strength is in place, and one move destroys Jinyang City, the war initiative is in hand, and it will certainly not give the opponent a chance.
Zhi Yao's most critical failure was strategic, pulling two strikes and one attack was a superficial strategy, but in fact he was forced to cause three strikes and one to become the target of siege.
In the context of the whole people reading history and paying attention to the study of traditional Chinese culture, "Zizhi Tongjian Xiong Yi Edition" with its professionalism, popularity and details, builds a good reading bridge for ordinary readers to read classic masterpieces.
Only when you can read it will you think about the vertical content, trigger more thinking, transform it into interest orientation, and continue to follow the book. Only when the big celebrities understand the human nature and the way of scheming from the "Zizhi Tongjian" can they be displayed, turned into individual thinking, and become a spiritual upgrade magic weapon for seeking benefits and avoiding harm.
For the wisdom essence of the ancestors, we do not have to blindly praise and worship as the standard, careful reading and intensive reading to absorb the essence from the perspective of individual interests, that is, the greatest balance of payments between reading and seeking knowledge.
Books are the carriers of knowledge, and Xiong Yi is the guarantee for the quality of interpreting ancient books.
About the Author: Rong Rong
Every book has been carefully read, written a book review, recommended a good book! Welcome to pay attention to ~@ angle interpretation