Caryophyllus is a caryophyllaceous plant of the caryophyllaceae family, a perennial herb that is no higher than the knee, glabrous and pinkish green.
The stem is erect, sparsely clustered, with upper branches, nodes between branches, and slightly expanded nodes, resembling bamboo knots. The leaves are linear lanceolate with a tapering apex. Flower single branch end or several flowers integrated umbrella inflorescence, calyx cylindrical, slender, petal tip is not neatly toothed, in Huangxian dialect is "net serrated teeth", the ancients called "lace with forked branches", which is unique among the wildflowers on the mountain, highly recognizable. The petals are usually five pieces, and the flower color is divided into purple, pink, big red or white, most of the wild are purple red, and the artificial breeds even have purple, blue and other colors. Wild caryophyllus is mostly single-petaled, but also has heavy petals, the ancients called it "Luoyang flower" (Qing Wu Qitao", "Botanical Names and True Tu Kao"): ""Saving the Wilderness Materia Medica" is called caryophyllus, and the seedling leaves are edible. Present-day North and South Huluoyang Flowers. "), comparing it to the intricate color of Luoyang peony. The ancients also used its son to resemble wheat, known as Qu Wheat. Li Shizhen explained the "Han Shi Wai Biography" Yun according to the introduction of Lu Tong: "Born on both sides of the Qu, this wheat ear next to the birth of the past also." "Compendium of Materia Medica" "Qu Mai" strip: "Caryophyllus leaves resemble skin leaves and are pointed and small, and they resemble small bamboo leaves that are born and narrow, and their stems are slender and knotted, and they are more than one foot high, and they bloom between the branches." Field creatures, spending as big as money, red and purple. People planters, the flowers are slightly smaller and feminine, there are fine white pink purple red, spots rotten color, commonly known as Luoyang flower. It is as strong as oats and contains small sunspots. Its young seedlings are cooked in water and can be eaten. ”
Caryophyllus is native to northern China, hardy, prefers sunny, dry and ventilated environments, prefers to grow in loose, fertile, well-drained calcareous loam soil, but can also tolerate barrenness. In the southern mountains of Huang county, caryophyllus grows mostly on sunny hillside meadows, and the shady northern slopes are rarely seen. The hills and low mountains of Huangxian County are mostly composed of granite, and some places on the hillside expose large slates, the surface is weathered, wearing lichen, when it rains, the rain will bring some soil, moss grows on it, with the years of glory, over time, it will form a thick humus soil layer, which is the favorite environment of caryophyllus. On the hibiscus stone, the stems are like bamboo, which is why the caryophyllus got its name. Many large stone slabs will grow a bush of caryophyllus, spring flowers bloom, like a circle of lace on the slate, when the working mountain people rest, sit on the stone slabs to smoke and laugh, surrounded by small flowers that are crowded and swaying in the wind, the scene is very comfortable. Another person picked up a piece of grass with flowers from the stone slab and went home to plant it in a pot, and the caryophyllus settled in the farm yard.
Carnation is a foreign cousin of caryophyllus, native to southern Europe, it is taller than caryophyllus, it is also much thicker, and the leaves are like a layer of white powder. Its petals are huge and layered, like a hydrangea ball, and if it weren't for the serrated teeth at the top of the petals, it would be hard to think of its relationship with caryophyllus. The petals of carnations emit aromatic aromas, so they are also called "musk caryophyllus" and "caryophyllus", which were used as spice additives for wine and ale in Elizabethan Britain in place of the more expensive cloves. Now it is mostly used as a cut flower, and it can be seen in almost every florist. If carnations are like the plump, rich and gorgeous European noblewomen in the living room salon, caryophyllus is like a delicate mountain village girl with a delicate yuanna and a jingchao cloth skirt, who is always facing the sky and is pitiful. The Northern Song Dynasty king An Shi liked caryophyllus, and pitied it for not being appreciated by people, and wrote a poem "Caryophyllus Flowers": "Spring returns to the valley and begins to form bushes, and the ground is covered with light red." The carriage and horse do not come to see who sees the reward, and the poor also understand the spring wind." Caryophyllum is thin, but it has such a strength, strong and tough, which the flowers growing up in the greenhouse do not have. In the Huangxian dialect, caryophyllum is called "Happy Spider Flower", and the ancient name of the Spider is "Cockroach", which is a small spider with slender legs, and the legs are so thin that you dare not touch it with your hands. It hangs "Wei ya" in the house all day, and it is said that it sees that there are happy events in its home, "the morning annunciation, the night reports the wealth, and no one comes at night", so it is named Xi Spider. Calling caryophyllum a spider flower captures its delicate features and implies a liking, which is a very vivid and evocative name. There are also called "stone spider flowers", which are used from caryophyllus flowers and spider flowers. "Spider" is pronounced as it is in The Huangxian dialect, and the "spider" of the family horse spider dish, the mountain horse spider dish, and the spider dish are all read like this, and the "spider" of the leper spider (spider) is read like a pearl, for some reason.
Caryophyllus plant type is low, the stem is bamboo-like, the leaves are verdant, the flowering period is long, from the late spring to mid-autumn, and the greenhouse potted plant can bloom for four seasons. The flowers are luxuriant and colorful, one after another, with a variety of changes, which can be used for the edge of stone mountains and lawns, and can be used as landscape cover materials when planting in large areas, and can also be used for flower beds, flower tables or pots. In addition, caryophyllus has the ability to absorb sulfur dioxide and chlorine, and can purify the air when planted indoors. Its roots and whole herbs are medicated, which can clear heat and diuresis, break blood through menstruation, disperse stasis and reduce swelling. The "Stone Bamboo" article of the "Saving the Wilderness Materia Medica" contains: "The name of the "Materia Medica" is Qu Mai, a giant sentence wheat, a big chrysanthemum, a big orchid, also known as Du Mother Grass, Oats, And Yuè Wheat, born in the mountains and rivers and valleys, and now everywhere. Since the seedlings are one foot tall, the leaves seem to be single-handed and small, and they are small and narrow like small bamboo leaves. The stem also has knots, red and white flowers bloom between the branches and knotted, there are small sunspots inside, bitter and bitter taste, cold, non-toxic, and the peony of the grass is made of it, and the evil mantis is made. The young seedlings are ripe, soaked in water, and eaten with oil and salt. "It turns out that the young stems and leaves of caryophyllus can also be eaten as wild vegetables, but such a beautiful thing, how can people mouth it?"
In geology, indicator plants refer to plant species or communities that can indicate the growth environment or certain environmental conditions within a certain area, for example, when sand introduction grass is mentioned, it will think of beaches by the sea, and the growth of camel thorns reflects the arid environment. The distribution of the indicative plant and the mineral content in the plant can also have a certain indicative effect on mineral exploration. In 1985, Liu Zhiqing, a professor of geology at Zhejiang University, first discovered the spatial associated relationship between caryophyllum and Jiaodong gold mine during his investigation of the gold mine on Sanshan Island in Laizhou, and later caryophyllum was identified as an indicator plant of Jiaodong gold mine. Where the caryophyllus flowers bloom, it is very likely that there is a gold mine hidden underneath. However, in recent years, people have not gone up the mountain to embrace the grass, the grass has grown too high and too thick, covering the sky, it has become more and more difficult to see the caryophyllus flowers on the mountain, and the secrets of those gold mines have also been taken away by it.