Chaoshan celebrities: Once studied the scriptures

Zeng Xijing (曾習經), also spelled Gangfu (字刚甫), was a native of Lintianduhu Town,Qingjieyang County (now part of Jiexi County). His ancestors were originally from Putian, Fujian Province, and later moved to Jieyang Cotton Lake. His father was Zeng Zhongfu ,武生, and the official to Lan Ling. Zeng Xijing was born in the sixth year of Qing Tongzhi (1867). Four brothers, third in line. Its family education is strict, and the brothers "learn to be in court, and let the lifting and descending be in the middle of the moment". When he was young, he was quite talented and studied hard, reading from his brother Zeng Shujing. In the fourteenth year of Guangxu (1888), Zhang Zhidong, the governor of Liangguang, founded guangya academy in Guangzhou, and selected talents from the prefectures and counties of liangguang to study at guangya academy. Zeng Xijing was "a hundred learnings and all peeps" at Guangya Academy, especially in his poetry, which was appreciated by Dean Liang Dingfen. Later, he studied and transferred to XuehaiTang, which had a more lively learning style, and had a deep friendship with Liang Qichao and Mai Luhua, and often went to the Chaozhou Guild Hall with Liang Qichao to cook all night

　　Talk about art.

　　In the fifteenth year of Guangxu (1889), the Zeng brothers were raised by the same person. The following year, he had learned to be a middle-aged soldier. In the eighteenth year of Guangxu (1892), he achieved excellent results in the temple examination and was the head of the household department. Since then, he has served in the household department for more than ten years. Hubu Shangshu Weng tonggong appreciated his talent, recommended him to be a superintendent of the management machine, and soon promoted the household staff to wailang.

　　Zeng Xijing and Liang Qichao were friends with Mo Rebellion. In the twenty-first year of Guangxu (1895), Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao launched a bus in Beijing to write books, established the Jingshiqiang Society, and zengshu and zeng xijing all actively participated, and zeng xijing and the reformers Liang Qichao, Mai Menghua, Xia Zengyou and other people had a daily relationship, and the meeting of literature and wine did not stop for many years. In the twentieth year of Guangxu (1894), China lost the Sino-Japanese War, and Zeng Xijing and Liang Qichao were sad and haggard about this, and their feelings were similar, and they were worried about state affairs. In the evening, the two sat on the stone bridge at the gate of the Biyun Temple in Xishan, talking about state affairs to the moon, and hugging and weeping at the place of grief. The following year, Liang Qichao went to Shanghai to run the "ShiWu Bao", and once learned to bid farewell to Yi Yi and gave a poem: "Loutou lacks the moon and the night to the dawn, riding a horse and sending off junxiang." It is also a pity that the road ahead is dead, and the wicker vines have crying warblers. During this period, many patriots left Beijing and wrote some farewell poems, full of concern for the future of the motherland and the fate of their friends. Jiang Fengchen (字孝通), the head of the bureaucracy, was a native of Guishan (present-day Huizhou City), Guangdong, who was an official Qingzheng who refused to pay bribes during the examination, and in this year, in the name of false adoptive mother, he was frustrated and returned to the south. Zhiyin was far away, lonely and trustless, and once learned to give the second poem "Send Jiang Xiaotong Back to Li", pinning his anger on him:

　　The sorrow and anger will eventually be made up, and the danger will be deep; the heart of heaven is really benevolent, and the snow will be gloomy.

　　Do not sleep late Mingfa, the wind sends far away; the lone root is also what it depends on, and the result is Zhiyin.

　　On this day, the drink returns to the guests, and the early stages are sent to the courtiers; the eyes are not happy, and they take care of each other.

　　Mangy spring has no master, and is miserable to go to his relatives; he should not obey Qu Jia, and sing and weep and harm the people of heaven.

　　In April of the twenty-fourth year of Guangxu (1898), the Guangxu Emperor "decreed that the country was", and announced the beginning of the implementation of the Restoration and Reform Law. On the twenty-seventh day, Empress Dowager Cixi preemptively ordered the Guangxu Emperor to dismiss his teacher Weng Tonggong from his post at home, and after a premonition of the prospects for the Restoration Movement, he wrote a group of poems called "Sending Master Weng Changshu back to Li", which Liang Qichao called "Brilliant Crystal, Thrilling, One Word and Thousand Gold", revealing the infinite sorrow and indignation in his heart, one of which was Cloud:

　　The oath tomb is now white, and the mountains are still in the world. Wandering ends confident, and there is a deep text of grief.

　　The hope period is the former philosophy, and the sense of danger is supreme. Walk back and wander to Bong Ming.

　　After the failure of the Penghu ReformAtion, zeng xijing had many old friends who were brutally killed or exiled, zeng xijing was deeply desperate for the current situation and government, and his poems were sad and low, and the poem "Sickness Does Not Sleep to Read the "Biography of the Party" is a true portrayal of his inner world:

　　Autumn solstice why not fold, the bright lamp actually fried itself. Not only in the face of the world's difficulties, send tears to the distant years.

　　This meaning is not recognized, and the loneliness is not tired. But after the new illness, the remnant moon dragged the strings.

　　In the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu (1900), the Eight-Power Alliance invaded Beijing, and once took refuge in Pinggu, a suburb of Beijing, and lived in a smit for three months, always missing the city of Beijing under the iron hooves of the enemy, and missing the hometown far away. During this period he wrote many poems of sorrow and desolation. The second of the eighteen poems of his Pinggu Miscellaneous Poems is recorded here to see his deep concern about state affairs:

　　Third:

　　The autumn qi has been like this, and the return date is lonely. Where the national martyrdom is at stake, the tears of the countryside are secretly dissipated.

　　Foraging for difficult rice, watching people pick bean seedlings. The barren mountains are sad and cocooned, and the farmers sit and invite each other.

　　Its twelve:

　　Tireless and exhausted, the new cool is nourishing. The old family resigned from the mountains and the sea, and the remnants of the dream fell into the river.

　　Night rain drenched bell song, autumn wind song. Duling wilderness is old, and tears are full of rivers.

　　In the thirty-second year of Guangxu (1906), the Qing court implemented a new policy, and the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Households were reorganized into degree branches, which were in charge of the national finance, managing all matters such as land grants, customs duties, levies, caocang, public debt and currency, banking and accounting. He was the left counselor of the Shengdu Branch, the right counselor of the Xuanshengdu Branch, and concurrently served as the assistant of the Law Museum, the supervision of the Great Qing Bank, the financial adjustment of the cleanup, the general strength of the Printing Bureau, and the counselor of the Faculty of the Compilation and Inspection Library. At that time, the Du branch was newly created, the financial planning was related to the basic guarantee of the New Deal, he had worked in the household department for a long time, he was proficient in finance, Xu Shichang once praised him for "comprehensive and precise", the imperial court had high hopes for him, and the Guangxu Emperor summoned him twice. He personally went to Japan to investigate and learn from it. Most of the regulations and outlines in the ministry are from the hands of those who have studied the scriptures. Some major initiatives, such as the re-minting of silver coins, the establishment of tax schools, the establishment of paper mills, the opening of printing bureaus, etc., have been the organizers of Zeng Xijing, and the planning is particularly exquisite.

　　However, the Xinhai Revolution sounded the death knell of the Qing Dynasty. Zeng Xijing was well aware that the collapse of the Qing court had become an irreversible trend, so he resigned his official position and retired from the official field the day before the Qing Emperor abdicated. After that, Yuan Shikai recruited talents everywhere in order to restore the imperial system, and most of his right and left were old friends who had studied the scriptures, and they tried to persuade Zeng to return to the scriptures, but he refused one by one. The government of the Republic of China had hired him three times to serve as minister of finance and governor of Guangdong Province, but he refused to resign. He regarded himself as a relict old man of the Qing Dynasty, bought land and built a house in Yangcao (now part of Tianjin), which was directly subordinate to Ninghe, and cultivated Longmu, "cloth and grass shoes, with the old peasant class sunny and rainy every day, talking about sangma, never talking about current affairs." "Farmers return to their hometown to visit their brothers and often help relatives and friends who are poor, sick and widowed. He called himself a resident of the Temple, and often formed a society with the widows of the Qing Dynasty to recite poems, "Singing and enjoying himself, not especially not complaining, not complaining." Yu's poetry is more serious, and Liang Qichao said that he "does not write poetry, but will be extremely tempered." He studied poetry very deeply, learning all the Wei, Jin, Tang, and Song dynasties, in his early years he studied Li Shangyin, the ancient body Sect Xie Lingyun, the middle-aged Chen Shidao and Mei Yaochen, and in his later years, he went in and out of Tao Yuanming and Liu Zongyuan. His poems are forged into the families, without learning their appearance, and they set themselves up for a high place. Seven

　　It is especially outstanding in the homes of the late Qing Dynasty, the abundance of the gods is unique, and the taste is endless. A song "Self-titled Banana Tong LiangYue Painting Fan", writing about the quiet beauty of cool nights, quite a lot - really interesting:

　　Banana trees are quiet through the rain, and the clouds and moons are already autumn;

　　The pillow smells the first goose passing by, and the curtain is low to see a stream of fireflies.

　　I have learned to write lyrics, and there are many Qi words, all of which are extremely entangled and gentle. As for the later period, after most of the world's events, the style has changed and become more depressed. "Wei Chi Cup Title Bantang Old Man "Old Picture of Chunming Sense", written in Gengzi (1900) when the Eight-Nation Alliance army captured Beijing Cixi and Guangxu fled west in July, the meaning of the words is subtle and not obscure, and the intention is heavy:

　　Chang'an Road, getting older and older, mournful and sad. Deep path grass sparsely populated, sad to send streamer light feathers. Dust painting wall, who remembers the province, when the time to rejoice? Dark and clear, tears and ink flooded, the small window is still stretched. Because of the strange dust of the nine recitations, a few questions of leaves blowing flowers, victory is the same. The most bitter mountain sun smells the night flute, still habitual, the river bridge guests go. Now to the end of the world, the far night, shang song alone. They miss each other, break their hearts, and dream empty of condensation.

　　However, Yang Cao is mostly saline and alkali land, has learned the scriptures and is not good at management, and has not been able to make ends meet for many years, so he has to sell books, calligraphy and paintings, and antiques to maintain his livelihood. But he did not regret it, and once said to others: "I have been generously favored by the imperial court, and I have gone through several positions, and I can lead me before the change of the country. The word 'discipline' must not be careless. "After 1918, the eldest brother and 0 died one after another, and he was mournful, and because the carbuncle had collapsed, he was very painful. Liang Qichao could only send some money to show his condolences. On October 4, 1926, Zeng Xijing died of illness at the Chaozhou Pavilion in Xuannan, Beijing, at the age of 60.

　　After studying the scriptures, he was cooked by his old friends Liang Qichao and Ye Gongqiu. Liang Qichao's inscription for his portrait:

　　Talented and showed that things are inexhaustible, and special exercises are amiable. He who administers government affairs is a man of letters and scribes without damaging the handsomeness of his instruments; he is a writer of words, and his resentment and compassion show the freshness of his embrace. If they cannot help the drowning of the world, they will return to their bodies, and they will go away in the year forty-four and return to their true nature in sixty years. Whoops, this Jieyang Zeng Gangfu Right Cheng relic, there is the first perfect person on the occasion of the Qing Yi Dynasty!

　　Zeng Xijing has a rich collection of books, good research editions, and the books in the collection are signed with the word "Lake Tower". Later, due to poverty and illness, he had to sell. His posthumous works include "Shicun Shicun", "Ji'an Ci", "Jing'an Wencun", "Zeng Xi Jing Zi" and so on. Zeng's calligraphy, originating from the Six Dynasties, is written next to and from the scriptures, is quaint and elegant, and can also be used as a thin gold book. The Guangdong Provincial Museum houses the scrolls of his calligraphy Huang Tingjian's poems.