Pan Shi'en (1769-1854), born in the Qianlong period when the economy and culture of the Qing Dynasty reached its peak, was the leader of the Qianlong 58th year (1793 AD), an official for more than 50 years, through the Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng four dynasties, known as the "Four Dynasties Elders", together with his cousins Pan Shihuan and Sun Pan Zuyin known as "Suzhou Three Jie".
Pan Shien was born in Suzhou, which enjoys the reputation of "qingjia terroir and humanistic binwei", which is a place where talents are born, and his father Pan Yiji is a student of Hangzhou Province, because he has repeatedly failed to pass the township test, returned to Suzhou, and studied and cultivated. Therefore, Pan Shien was also born in a family of scholars, which laid the foundation for his future studies in Denko.
After Pan Shien will try to be the first place in the first class of high school, he is directly awarded the Hanlin Academy cultivation, and the ordinary jinshi who enters the Hanlin Academy can only be awarded shujishi, in order to obtain this position, it must be "scattered" after three years and the excellent performance, so Pan Shien started better than others in the same year, on the other hand, in the feudal examination examination, winning the championship in one fell swoop, which is a very glorious and glorious thing, which makes his official start very smooth. Later, he successively served as a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy, a cabinet bachelor, and a left waiter of the Hubu Province, and once helped Ji Yun to handle the affairs of the "Four Libraries of the Whole Book", and in the twelfth year of Jiaqing (1807 AD), he was appointed as the president of the "Four Libraries complete book" and the president of WenyingGuan, and the following year he was appointed as the head of the Hanlin Academy. In the seventeenth year of Jiaqing (1812 AD), he was appointed shangshu of the Ministry of Works, and in the eighteenth year (1813 AD), he was transferred to the Hubu Department as Shangshu, still concurrently serving as the Shangshu of the Ministry of Works, and soon after he was also the acting official Shangshu.
After that, Pan Shien's mother was mourned, and he returned home to worry about it, and after the expiration of the term, his old father, the Shangshu Jiaqing Emperor, asked to serve his father at home. Jiaqing was greatly dissatisfied with this, and issued an edict reprimanding: "Loyalty and filial piety" are not discriminatory, and they know that loyalty and filial piety come before each other, almost the road. But you are a member of the Yipin Dynasty, and although your father is not in a bad mental state, he is not seriously ill, so why can't you come to Beijing in person? Therefore, he demoted his Shang Shu to the position of waiter, so that Pan Shi'en stayed in his hometown for fourteen years, which was a blank time for his political career.
In the seventh year of Daoguang, Pan Shien's father returned to Beijing at the end of his filial piety period, and the Daoguang Emperor obeyed the will of the former emperor and ordered zuo shilang of the ministry of engineering, and soon after he was appointed to the left shilang of the ministry of engineering, and soon after, he successively appointed the shangshu of the official department and the shangshu of the rebbe. Daoguang ten years, promoted to the Ministry of Works Shangshu. Pan Shi'en returned to Shangshu after a gap of seventeen years.
In the thirteenth year of Daoguang (1833 AD), the sixty-four-year-old Pan Shi'en was promoted to a member of the University of Tirenge, held a position of xiang, and managed the affairs of the household department, and in the same year he was transferred to the military department. In the fourteenth year, the Daoguang Emperor ordered him to walk on the military aircraft minister, who was one of the ministers of the Military Aircraft Department of the highest organ of power, and the rank of military aircraft minister. At the same time, Daoguang also gave him a mansion in the Yuanmingyuan, which was really a great favor. In the fifteenth year of Daoguang, he was re-awarded a fellow of Dongge University and managed the affairs of the Ministry of Works. In July of the same year, it was changed to manage the affairs of the household department. In the sixteenth year of Daoguang, he served as the chief master of the upper study and became the teacher of the princes. In the seventeenth year, he was awarded the title of Prince Taibao. In the eighteenth year, Jin became a scholar of Wuyingdian University, and in December of the same year, on the 70th birthday of Pan Shien, the Daoguang Emperor gave him a couplet of imperial letters, the upper link was "Congee Liang Xuan on Xiang Mi Bei", the lower link was "Jing Gong Jie Fu Xi Kang Jiang", and the horizontal criticism was "Xi Zai Yan Qi".
After the outbreak of the Opium War, he supported Lin Zexu to go to Guangdong to ban smoking, and vigorously advocated strict internal governance in order to resist foreign insults. In the twenty-third year of Daoguang (1843 AD), the Daoguang Emperor gave him the "Forbidden City" (Forbidden City). In the twenty-eighth year of Daoguang, Pan Shi'en was promoted to the rank of Prince Ofe. In December of the same year, on the 80th birthday of Pan Shi'en, the Daoguang Emperor once again wrote the word "Shou" and a pair of couplets to him, the upper link was "Wangzhong Three Gong Zi Xie Li", the lower link was "Xiangkai Eight Diligence Period Yi", and the horizontal approval of "Three Dynasties Province Shuo", the Daoguang Emperor's gift to Pan Shi'en was considered to have reached the extreme.
After the Xianfeng Emperor ascended the throne, he issued an edict to ask for xian, and the eighty-year-old Pan Shi'en sponsored Lin Zexu, Yao Ying, and others. In the third year of Xianfeng, the Xianfeng Emperor personally wrote a plaque of "Qionglin Renrui". The following year, Pan Shien died in Beijing at the age of eighty-six, and his courtesy name "Wen Gong" was incorporated into the Ancestral Hall.
1. Pan Shihuan (1765-1829), cousin of the university scholar Pan Shi'en, Pan Shihuan township tried to win the championship in one fell swoop, became Xie Yuan, Qianlong sixty years (1795), the third jinshi (Tanhua) of the first class of the Middle Yi Yi Enke, taught the Editor of the Hanlin Academy, and later became the head of the household department, and then the Zhejiang Department of the Household Department and the Yunnan Division. Soon after, he was relieved of his mother's death. At the end of the mourning period, Pan Shihuan, taking his father's old age, asked for final support, no longer became a monk, and closed his home to study for thirty years. In the twenty-second year of Daoguang (1842), Pan Shihuan entered the Ancestral Hall of the Ancestral Hall.
2. Pan Zuyin (1830 ~ 1890), grandson of the university scholar Pan Shien, the twenty-eighth year of Daoguang (1848), coinciding with Pan Shien's 80th birthday, the Daoguang Emperor rewarded Pan Zuyin as a person. In the second year of Xianfeng (1852), he won the third place in the first class of the examination (Tanhua), and was taught the editor of the Hanlin Academy, and later successively served as the examiner of the Shaanxi-Gansu Township Examination, the Guozi Supervisor of The Sacrifice, the Attendant of the Bachelor, and the Shaoqing of Dali Temple. During the Guangxu Emperor's reign, officials served in the posts of Gongbu Shangshu, Duchayuan Zuo Du Yushi, Gongbu Shangshu, Prince Shaobao, Punishment Department Shangshu, Rebbe Shangshu, Military Aircraft Minister Shangxing, and Bingbu Shangshu.
Postscript: A family, three generations of grandchildren before and after a total of one title, two tanhua, which is very rare in the history of the imperial examination. Even in modern society, a family does not need to appear in the provincial college entrance examination, even if there are several Tsinghua Peking University students in succession, it is enough to let the media and the world praise, not to mention that these two are far from a grade!