利益相关者对太阳能建筑的看法
您认为太阳能建筑的性能、融资和环境等方面有多重要？国际能源署关于太阳能建筑的第66号任务的参与者对这个问题很感兴趣。他们联合进行了一项调查，由不少于310名利益相关者完成，包括学者（41%），还有顾问（20%）以及来自行业、公共机构等的参与者（见图表）。主要来源国是德国（104）、中国（101）、墨西哥（43）和丹麦（29）。来自丹麦技术大学（DTU）的Elsabet Nielsen与来自中国建筑研究院（CABR）的Xinyu Zhang和Wenbo Cai一起总结了Task 66参与者进行的调查结果。
资料来源：国际能源署SHC任务66
调查问卷包括有关太阳能建筑的规划、项目开发、性能、财务和环境方面的一般问题。调查参与者被要求以五分制对每个因素进行评估，从“非常相关”到“非常不相关”。在评估中，然后总结“非常相关”和“相关”的答案，以及“非常不相关”和“不相关”的答案数量。
图1显示了所有国家超过80%的调查参与者认为相关的因素。这些因素主要与一氧化碳有关2建筑和成本问题的平衡。对于利益相关者来说，最重要的一点与一氧化碳有关2减排。
图1：最相关的因素：超过80%的参与者点击“相关”或“非常相关”的因素。
资料来源：国际能源署SHC任务66
图 2 包含相关性评级明显较低的因素，介于 50% 到 70% 之间。这些方面主要与项目开发有关，但与其他一些方面相比，补贴的得分也较低。
图2：不太相关的因素：50%至70%的参与者点击“相关”或“非常相关”的因素。
资料来源：国际能源署SHC任务66
DTU的尼尔森说：“对调查的热烈反响，特别是来自德国、中国、墨西哥和丹麦的调查，使我们能够在这些国家之间进行比较。关于“名单顶部”问题的答案被用来进行国家比较。在这里，调查参与者能够从与太阳能建筑相关的一系列方面中选择他们认为最重要的因素。图 3 显示了与太阳能建筑性能相关的因素的区块结果，这些结果因国家/地区而异。
图 3：关于应”位于列表顶部“的性能方面的点击次数的国家/地区比较。资料来源：国际能源署SHC任务66
在丹麦，稳定的能源/电力销售规则是比其他国家更重要的一个因素。在中国，太阳能建筑的节能和电力成本被评为决定性因素。墨西哥是唯一一个利益相关者认为建筑施工构件的本地生产非常重要的国家。 编译 陈讲运
尼尔森强调说：“参与者所在的国家肯定比他们工作的机构类型对结果的影响更大”。Task 66团队发现，学者和顾问的观点没有显着差异。
Stakeholder viewpoints on solar energy buildings
- Mon, 8 April 2024
How important do you find aspects such as performance, financing and the environment in relation to solar energy buildings? This question interested the participants of the IEA Task 66 on Solar Energy Buildings. They jointly conducted a survey, which was completed by no less than 310 stakeholders, including academics (41 %), but also consultants (20 %) as well as participants from industry, public authorities, etc. (see chart). The main countries of origin were Germany (104), China (101), Mexico (43) and Denmark (29). Elsabet Nielsen from the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), together with Xinyu Zhang and Wenbo Cai from the Chinese Academy of Building Research (CABR), summarized the results of the survey carried out by the Task 66 participants.
Source: IEA SHC Task 66
The questionnaire included general questions on planning, project development, performance, financial, and environmental aspects of solar energy buildings. The survey participants were asked to value each factor on a five-point scale from “very relevant” to “very irrelevant”. In the evaluation, the answers “very relevant” and “relevant” are then summarized, as well as the number of answers for “very irrelevant” and “irrelevant”.
Figure 1 shows the factors that over 80 % of the survey participants across all countries considered relevant. These factors mainly have to do with the CO2 balance of the building and cost issues. The most important points for the stakeholders are related to CO2 emission reductions.
Figure 1: Most relevant factors: those for which more than 80 % of the participants clicked “relevant” or “very relevant”.
Source: IEA SHC Task 66
Figure 2 contains factors that received a significantly lower relevance rating of between 50 and 70 %. These aspects mostly relate to project development but subsidies, for example, also received a lower score compared with some other aspects.
Figure 2: Less relevant factors: those for which between 50 and 70 % of the participants clicked “relevant” or “very relevant”.
Source: IEA SHC Task 66
“The great response to the survey, particularly from Germany, China, Mexico and Denmark, enabled us to make comparisons between the countries”, said Nielsen from the DTU. The answers to the question about “the top of the list” were used to make a country comparison. Here, the survey participants were able to select the factor they considered most important from a block of aspects relating to solar energy buildings. Figure 3 shows the results, which differ greatly from country to country, in the block with the factors related to the performance of solar energy buildings.
Figure 3: Country-comparison regarding the number of clicks for performance aspects that should be “at the top of the list”. Source: IEA SHC Task 66
Stable rules on selling energy/electricity is a factor that is more important in Denmark than in other countries. In China, energy savings in solar energy buildings and electricity costs were rated as decisive factors. Mexico is the only country in which stakeholders consider the local production of components for building construction to be very important.