利益相關者對太陽能建築的看法
您認為太陽能建築的性能、融資和環境等方面有多重要？國際能源署關于太陽能建築的第66号任務的參與者對這個問題很感興趣。他們聯合進行了一項調查，由不少于310名利益相關者完成，包括學者（41%），還有顧問（20%）以及來自行業、公共機構等的參與者（見圖表）。主要來源國是德國（104）、中國（101）、墨西哥（43）和丹麥（29）。來自丹麥技術大學（DTU）的Elsabet Nielsen與來自中國建築研究院（CABR）的Xinyu Zhang和Wenbo Cai一起總結了Task 66參與者進行的調查結果。
資料來源：國際能源署SHC任務66
調查問卷包括有關太陽能建築的規劃、項目開發、性能、财務和環境方面的一般問題。調查參與者被要求以五分制對每個因素進行評估，從“非常相關”到“非常不相關”。在評估中，然後總結“非常相關”和“相關”的答案，以及“非常不相關”和“不相關”的答案數量。
圖1顯示了所有國家超過80%的調查參與者認為相關的因素。這些因素主要與一氧化碳有關2建築和成本問題的平衡。對于利益相關者來說，最重要的一點與一氧化碳有關2減排。
圖1：最相關的因素：超過80%的參與者點選“相關”或“非常相關”的因素。
資料來源：國際能源署SHC任務66
圖 2 包含相關性評級明顯較低的因素，介于 50% 到 70% 之間。這些方面主要與項目開發有關，但與其他一些方面相比，補貼的得分也較低。
圖2：不太相關的因素：50%至70%的參與者點選“相關”或“非常相關”的因素。
資料來源：國際能源署SHC任務66
DTU的尼爾森說：“對調查的熱烈反響，特别是來自德國、中國、墨西哥和丹麥的調查，使我們能夠在這些國家之間進行比較。關于“名單頂部”問題的答案被用來進行國家比較。在這裡，調查參與者能夠從與太陽能建築相關的一系列方面中選擇他們認為最重要的因素。圖 3 顯示了與太陽能建築性能相關的因素的區塊結果，這些結果因國家/地區而異。
圖 3：關于應”位于清單頂部“的性能方面的點選次數的國家/地區比較。資料來源：國際能源署SHC任務66
在丹麥，穩定的能源/電力銷售規則是比其他國家更重要的一個因素。在中國，太陽能建築的節能和電力成本被評為決定性因素。墨西哥是唯一一個利益相關者認為建築施工構件的本地生産非常重要的國家。 編譯 陳講運
尼爾森強調說：“參與者所在的國家肯定比他們工作的機構類型對結果的影響更大”。Task 66團隊發現，學者和顧問的觀點沒有顯着差異。
Stakeholder viewpoints on solar energy buildings
- Mon, 8 April 2024
How important do you find aspects such as performance, financing and the environment in relation to solar energy buildings? This question interested the participants of the IEA Task 66 on Solar Energy Buildings. They jointly conducted a survey, which was completed by no less than 310 stakeholders, including academics (41 %), but also consultants (20 %) as well as participants from industry, public authorities, etc. (see chart). The main countries of origin were Germany (104), China (101), Mexico (43) and Denmark (29). Elsabet Nielsen from the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), together with Xinyu Zhang and Wenbo Cai from the Chinese Academy of Building Research (CABR), summarized the results of the survey carried out by the Task 66 participants.
Source: IEA SHC Task 66
The questionnaire included general questions on planning, project development, performance, financial, and environmental aspects of solar energy buildings. The survey participants were asked to value each factor on a five-point scale from “very relevant” to “very irrelevant”. In the evaluation, the answers “very relevant” and “relevant” are then summarized, as well as the number of answers for “very irrelevant” and “irrelevant”.
Figure 1 shows the factors that over 80 % of the survey participants across all countries considered relevant. These factors mainly have to do with the CO2 balance of the building and cost issues. The most important points for the stakeholders are related to CO2 emission reductions.
Figure 1: Most relevant factors: those for which more than 80 % of the participants clicked “relevant” or “very relevant”.
Source: IEA SHC Task 66
Figure 2 contains factors that received a significantly lower relevance rating of between 50 and 70 %. These aspects mostly relate to project development but subsidies, for example, also received a lower score compared with some other aspects.
Figure 2: Less relevant factors: those for which between 50 and 70 % of the participants clicked “relevant” or “very relevant”.
Source: IEA SHC Task 66
“The great response to the survey, particularly from Germany, China, Mexico and Denmark, enabled us to make comparisons between the countries”, said Nielsen from the DTU. The answers to the question about “the top of the list” were used to make a country comparison. Here, the survey participants were able to select the factor they considered most important from a block of aspects relating to solar energy buildings. Figure 3 shows the results, which differ greatly from country to country, in the block with the factors related to the performance of solar energy buildings.
Figure 3: Country-comparison regarding the number of clicks for performance aspects that should be “at the top of the list”. Source: IEA SHC Task 66
Stable rules on selling energy/electricity is a factor that is more important in Denmark than in other countries. In China, energy savings in solar energy buildings and electricity costs were rated as decisive factors. Mexico is the only country in which stakeholders consider the local production of components for building construction to be very important.