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英语语法-六级阅读真题长难句

六级阅读真题长难句

1、The reasoning behind this saying is thatlow oil prices discourageinvestment in new production capacity, eventually shifting the oil supplycurve backward and bringprices back up as existing oil fields -which can betapped at relatively low marginal cost -are depleted.

... is that...,表语从句;

这句话背后的推理是,走低的石油价格阻碍了对新生产能力的投资,最终将石油供给曲线向后推移,现有油田以相对较低的边际成本进行开采,随着这些油田逐渐枯竭,石油价格将会回升;

discourage,vt.,使泄气,使灰心,使打消念头,劝阻,阻碍;It may be difficult to do at first. Don't let this discourage you.万事开头难,别因此而灰心;

capacity,n.,能力,容量,资格,地位,生产力;The professor in his lecture went beyond the capacity of his audience.这位教授的讲课超过了听众的接受能力;

go beyond,v.,超出,胜过;

eventually,adv.,最终,结果;

shift,v.,使移动,使转移;n.,改变,转变,轮班工作时间;

supply,n.,供给量,储备,供应量;v.,供应,提供,供给,补充,填充;

curve,n.,曲线,弧线;v.,使弯曲;adj.,弯曲的,曲线形的;The market demand curve has increased.市场需求曲线呈上升态势;

tap,v.,轻拍,轻扣,轻敲;打拍子,旋开;n.,水龙头,阀门,旋塞;

marginal,adj.,小的,微不足道的,(活动|花费|税项)边际的,非主流的,边缘的;n.,岸边水生植物;The business of selling information to consumers has always been a marginal one.销售信息一直都是一个边缘行业;

deplete --> depleted,adj.,不足的,减少的,人员不足的,人员减少的,耗尽的,废弃的,贫化的;v.,使减少,弄空,耗尽...的资源;The fired in long bursts, which depleted their ammunition.他们长时间开火,耗尽了弹药;

burst,v.,爆炸,爆裂,胀开;n.,突发,迸发,爆裂,裂口;

ammunition,n.,弹药,军火;(批评或辩论中攻击他人的)把柄、证据;

backward,adj.,向后的,朝后的,倒退的,落后的,迟钝的;adv.,向后,朝后,反向的;n.,后面(或过去)的部分;

back up,v.,支持,援助,备份,倒退,堵车,裱;

2、We needvery broad participation to fully address the global tragedy that resultswhencountriesfail to take into account the negative impact of their carbon emissions on the rest of the world.

对于因各国未能将该国碳排放对世界上其他国家的负面影响考虑在内而导致的全球悲剧,我们需要广泛参与才能得以全面解决;

address,n.,地址,称呼,演说,通信处;v.,称呼,演说,写姓名地址,向...说话;Application should be addressed to: The business affairs editor.申请表应寄给商务编辑;

result,n.,结果,后果;v.,发生,产生,导致,造成;

participation,n.,参加,参与;

tragedy,n.,悲惨事件,惨剧,悲剧(作品),不幸,遗憾;"Hamlet" is one of Shakespeare's best known tragedies.《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最著名的悲剧之一;

emission,n.,排放物,散发物,散发,排放,射精,遗精;This is the only zero-emission car on the market.这是现在市场上绝无仅有的零排放车型;

take into account,把...考虑进去,考虑,重视,体谅,估及,顾及,重视;People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.人们似乎没有考虑到教育并不是终止于毕业的事实;

impact,n.,影响,效果,碰撞,冲击力;vt.,挤入,压紧,撞击,对...产生影响;vi.,影响,撞击,冲突,压紧(on|upon|with);We need to assess the impact on climate change.我们需要评估对气候变化的影响;

assess,v.,评价,评定,估价,估计,征税;

3、The International Monetary Fund calculates that countriescan generatesubstantial fiscal revenues by eliminating fossil fuel subsides andlevying carbon chargesthatcapturethe domestic damage caused by emissions.

宾语从句,by doing1 and doing2;

据国际货币基金组织计算,通过去除化石燃料补贴和对会导致国内损害的碳排放费用征税,各国会获得客观的财政收入;

monetary,adj.,货币的,金融的;

calculate,vi.,计算,以为,作打算;vt.,计算,预测,认为,打算;These instruments calculate distances precisely.这些仪器计算距离非常精确;

instrument,n.,器械,乐器,仪器;

precisely,adv.,精确,准确;

generate,vt.,形成,造成,产生物理反应,产生(后代),引起;The Employment Minister said the reforms would generate new jobs.劳工大臣表示,改革将带来新的就业机会;

substantial,adj.,大量的,价值巨大的,牢固的,结实的,基本的,实质性的,(饭菜)丰盛的;重要的,真实的,有地位的,富有的;n.,重要材料;We have the support of a substantial number of parents.我们有相当多家长的支持;

fiscal,adj.,(政府)财政的,金融的;n.,检察官,财政官员;The discussion shouldn't distract from the central issue of tackling Greece's fiscal problems.

distract,v.,使分心,使转移注意力,使困惑,使迷惑;distract from,转移,使从...分心;

tackle,v.,应付,解决,与...交涉,抢断;n.,抢断球;

revenue,n.,(企业|组织的)收入,收益,(政府的)税收,税务局;Banks don't break out how much total revenue they generate in Asia.银行不公布它们在五粮液的总收入;

break out,爆发,突发;

eliminate,v.,剔除,根除,对...不预考虑,把...排除在外,淘汰,铲除;The Sex Discrimination Act has not eliminated discrimination in employment.《反性别歧视法》并未根除工作中的歧视;

discrimination,歧视,区别对待,区分,辨别,辨别力,鉴赏力;

fossil,n.,化石,思想僵化的人;adj.,化石的,不变的,古老的;

subside,vi.,平息,减弱,沉淀,坐下;The wind gradually subsided, and all was quiet.风逐渐平息,一切又恢复了平静;

gradually,adv.,逐渐地,逐步地;

levy,n.,征收,征兵,征税;vt.,征收(税),征集(兵);vi.,征税,征兵;He wants to impose a levy on landfill waste.他想对填埋的废弃物征税;

impose,v.,强制推行,强制实行,把(自己的观点、信仰等)强加于,打扰,麻烦;

landfill,n.,废物填埋,垃圾填埋;

charge,n.,费用,电荷,掌管,控告,命令,负载;vt.,使充电,使承担,指责,装载,对...索费,向...冲击;vi.,充电,控告,索价,向前冲,记在账上;The charge varies form 5 yuan to 10 yuan.费用从5元到10元不等;

vary,v.,使不同,使呈现差异,变化,改变;

capture,vt.,俘获,夺得,捕捉,拍摄,录制;n.,捕获,战利品,俘虏;The tiger was finally captured two miles outside the village.这只老虎终于在村外2英里的地方被捕获了;

domestic,adj.,国内的,家庭的,驯养的,一心只管家务的;n.,国货,佣人;Low prices crimped domestic output and foreign imports.低物价阻碍了国内出口和国外进口;

crimp,v.,烫发,使卷曲,使有褶,阻碍...的发展;n.,卷发,褶皱;抑制,束缚;

emission,n.,排放物,散发物;

4、Teachers in low-income urban and rural areas with no history of participating in math competitions may not knowabout advanced-math opportunities like MathCounts - andthose whodo may not havesupport orfeeltrained to lead them.

teachers,用2个定语来修饰,in和with;

城市低收入地区和农村地区没有参加过数学竞赛的教师可能不知道高等数学有数学竞赛这样的机遇,那些知道数学竞赛这样高等数学机遇的教师可能得不到支持或觉得自己没有充分的能力来带领学生;

participate,vi.,参加某事,分享某事;vt.,得到或接受某部分东西;They expected him to participate in the ceremony.他们希望他参加典礼;

ceremony,n.,仪式,典礼,礼节,礼仪,客套;

advanced,adj.,先进的,高级的,晚期的,年老的;v.,前进,增加,上涨;Their equipment isn't as advanced as ours.他们的设备不如我们的先进;

opportunity,n.,时机,机会;The children should be given the opportunity to make their own choices.应该给孩子们自己选择的机会;

5、These designers established the modern dress code, letting playsuits and other activewear outfits suffice for casual clothing, allowing pants to enter the wardrobe, and prizing rationalism and versatility in dress, in contradiction to dressing for an occasion or allotment of the day.

这些设计师建立了现代化的着装方式,他们将连体裤和其他运动套装归为休闲服装,把裤装引入衣橱,注重合理着装和着装多样化;

playsuit,n.,海滩装,运动装;

activewear,n.,运动服;

outfit,n.,全套服装,全套工具;v.,配备,向...提供装备;

suffice,v.,足够,足以,满足...的需求,有能力;

suffice for,满足...的需要;

casual,adj.,休闲的,便装的,随便的,非正式的,漫不经心的,随意的,临时的,短期的,碰巧的,偶然的;

pants,n.,裤子,内裤,短裤,废物,劣质品;adj.,无价值的,低劣的;

wardrobe,n.,衣柜,衣橱,(某人的)全部服装;

prize,n.,奖品,奖项,非常珍贵的人(或物),十分重要的人(或物);adj.,可获奖的,优等的,作为奖品的,有奖的;v.,珍视,高度重视,撬开,竭力打探(消息);

rationalism,n.,理想主义,唯理主义;The notion of ego and self-awareness has been the bedrock of the hardheaded rationalism of the last few centuries.关于自我与自我意识的概念一直是近几个世纪来务实的理性主义的基础;

ego,n.,自负,自尊,自我意识,自我;

self-awareness,n.,自我意识;

bedrock,n.,基岩,根底,基本原理;

hardheaded,adj.,脚踏实地的,冷静的,无懈可击的,顽固的;

versatility,n.,多功能性,多才多艺,用途广泛;Humans use the versatility of microbes to make improvements in industrial production, agriculture, medicine, and environmental protection.人类利用微生物的多样性来改良工业生产、农业、制药和环保;

microbe,n.,细菌,微生物;

agriculture,n.,农业,农学,农艺;

protection,n.,保护,防护,保护物;

contradiction,n.,矛盾,不一致,反驳,驳斥;A generous miser is a contradiction in terms.慷慨的吝啬鬼是一种语词矛盾的说法;

in contradiction to,同...相矛盾;

generous,adj.,慷慨的,大方的,大量的,丰富的,宽宏大量的;

miser,n.,守财奴,吝啬鬼,凿井机;

in terms,明确地,毫不含糊地;

occasion,n.,时刻,时候,时机,适当的机会,特殊场合,特殊事件,理由,原因;v.,引起,惹起;

alotment,n.,配额,份额,配给物,分配,指定;As the fire was always going out on me I soon used up my allotment of wood.炉子总灭,所以我很快便用完了配给的木柴;

go out,出去,熄灭,过时;

use up,用完,耗尽;

6、Andrea Flack of the Max Planck Institute foundthatbirds following traditional migration routes were more likely to die than German storks that flewonly as far as northern Morocco, and spent the winter there on rubbish dumps.

German storks用2句话修饰,flew和spent;

马克思普朗克研究所的AF发现,沿着传统路线迁徙的鸟类比只飞到摩洛哥北部并在那里的垃圾场过冬的德国鹳更容易死亡;

institute,n.,研究所,学院,协会,注释,论述;v.,开始(调查),制定(制度|规则),提出(诉讼),任命,授予...职位(圣职);The institute advertised on a bulletin-board.学院在布告牌上登公告;

bulletin,n.,新闻简报,公告,布告;

migration,n.,迁移,移居;During the last recession, migration to the sunbelt accelerated.在上个经济萧条期,人们向美国南部阳光地带移民的速度加快了;

recession,n.,衰退,退后,撤回;

sunbelt,n.,阳光地带;

accelerated,adj.,加速的,加快的,跳级的;

stork,n.,鹳;

fly --> flying -> flew,v.,飞,飞翔;n.,苍蝇,篷顶;adj.,时髦漂亮的,机灵的;

dump,v.,丢弃,扔掉,乱堆,乱放,丢下,抛弃,分手,甩掉,倾销,抛售;n.,垃圾场;Britain dumps more of its waste than any other European country.英国掩埋垃圾的数量超过任何一个欧洲国家;

7、Writing in the journel, the scientists describe how the storks from Germany were clearly affected by the presence of waste sites, with four out of six birds that survivedfor at least five months overwintering on rubbish dumps in northern Morocco, instead of migrating to the Sahel.

在日记中,科学家描述了德国鹳是如何受到垃圾站的明显影响的,六分之四的鸟儿因在摩洛哥北部的垃圾堆过冬而不是迁移到萨赫勒而存活了至少五个月;

four out of six,六分之四;

presence,n.,出席,存在,参加,风度,仪态,所在地方;The presence of the mayor dignified the occasion.市长的出席提高了这次重大活动的规格;

mayor,n.,镇长,市长;

dignify,v.,使有尊严,使高贵,使显得堂皇,抬高...的身价;

survive,vt.,幸存,生还,幸免于,比...活得长;vi.,幸存,活下来;She survived the attack.她在袭击中幸免于难;

overwinter,v.,过冬,把...保存过冬;Some animals can overwinter without the hibernation.有些动物不需要冬眠也能过冬;

hibernation,n.,冬眠,蛰居,不活动;

8、The two professors hopeto refutethat idea, claiming thatjust as whenkids walk themselves through a process, adultscan benefit fromusing language not just to communicate, but also to help "augment thinking".

claiming that后是宾语从句;

这2位教授希望驳斥这一观点,他们声称,就像孩子要通过一个过程才会自己走路一样,成年人也可以因使用语言而从中受益,使用语言不仅仅是为了交流,也是为了帮助进一步思考;

refute,v.,驳斥,批驳,否认,辩驳;It was the kind of rumour that it is impossible to refute.

rumour,n.,谣言,传闻;v.,谣传,传说;这是那种让人根本没法批驳的谣言;

a kind of,一种,一类,某种,有一点;

augment,v.,增加,增大,加强,补充,扩张,扩大;n.,增加,补充物;While searching for a way to augemnt the family income, she began making dolls.为了想法子增加家庭收入,她开始制作洋娃娃;

claim,vi.,提出要求;vt.,要求,声称,需要,认领;n.,要求,声称,索赔,断言,值得;The product claims that it can make you thin without dieting.该产品声称不节食也可让你瘦下来;

benefit from,得益于,得利于,受益于,因...而得益,得到好处;We all benefited from his success.我们从他的成功中受益;

9、But 50% of poor parents say(that) it is extremely important to them thattheir children earna college degree, compared with 39% of wealthier parents.

但50%的贫困家长说,他们的孩子获得大学学位极其重要,相比之下,39%的较富裕父母会这样认为;

extremely,adv.,极端地,极度,非常,很,去,绝;My mobile phone is extremely useful.我的手机非常有用;

wealthy,adj.,富有的,丰富的;比较级wealthier;

10、In the Pew survey, middle-class families earning between $30000 and $75000 a year fell right between working-class and high-earning parents on issues like the quality of their neighborhood for raising children, participation in extracurricular activities and involvement in their children's education.

收入 下降 ... 之间,like比如,1quality,2participation,3involvement;

在皮尤调查中,年收入介于30000美元和75000美元的中产阶级家庭对居住的社区是否有利于养育孩子、参与课外活动和干预孩子的教育类问题上,正好处在工薪阶层和高收入阶层家长之间;

fall,fell,v.,降落,落下,跌倒,下跌,减少,属于;n.,落下,跌倒,下降,降低,秋天,秋季;

right,adj.,符合道德的,正当的,正确的,真实的,合适的;v.,纠正,矫正,补救,扭转;n.,正当,公正,正当的要求,权利,版权,发行权;adv.,正好,就在,直接地,径直地,一直地,完全地;

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