Liu Tai (1903-1928), also known as Kangmin, was born in February 1903 in Chengguan Town, Chengcheng County, Leiyang County. In 1919, he was admitted to Hengyang Chengzhang Middle School, joined the Shonan Students' Federation and became one of the responsible persons. In March 1921, the Leiyang Branch of the Socialist Youth League was established, and Liu Tai served as the secretary of the branch. In the winter of the same year, he was introduced by Mao Zedong to join the Communist Party of China. At the end of 1922, he and Wu Wensheng established the local executive committee of the Socialist Youth League, and he served as secretary (later represented by Wu Wensheng). In April 1924, under the guidance of He Shu, he and more than 10 party members, including Wu Zhonghao, Wu Wensheng and Chen Fen, founded the Executive Committee of the Leiyang County Branch of the Communist Party of China. Liu Tai served as the secretary of the branch. In June of the same year, he was elected as a member of the Propaganda Committee of the Xiangnan District Committee of the Communist Party of China.
In February 1925, with the assistance of He Shu, a member of the Xiang District Committee, the first CPC county committee in Hunan Province, the local executive committee of leiyang County of the CPC, was formally established, and Liu Tai was elected as the first secretary of the county executive committee. In 1926, he became the minister of labor movement of the county executive committee and the first chairman of the county federation of trade unions. After the Ma-Ri Incident, he went to Wuhan to join He Long's 20th Army and served as a representative of the Regiment Party. On August 1, 1927, he participated in the Nanchang Uprising and served as a liaison officer for the troops. After the defeat of the uprising, Liu Tai returned to Leiyang to assist Deng Zonghai in rebuilding the CPC Leiyang County Committee in Nanling Beiwenjia Village in September, with Liu Tai as a member of the Workers' Movement and organizing guerrillas to carry out underground armed struggle.
At the beginning of 1928, Liu Tai participated in the Shonan Rebellion and served as the director of the labor movement of the CPC Leiyang County Committee. On February 19, the Soviet government of the Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Soviets of Leiyang County was established, and Liu Tai was elected as the chairman of the government. On 21 March, he presided over the Second County Congress of Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Soviets. He studied the three major issues of the agrarian revolution, the suppression of counter-revolution, and the consolidation of political power, and made relevant resolutions. After the meeting, a land revolution climax was set off in the whole county, such as cracking down on local tycoons, inserting standards and dividing up fields, and purging counter-revolutionaries. In order to defend the newborn Red regime, he and Li Tianzhu led the peasant army to cooperate with Zhu De's troops to attack Anren in the east and Hengyang in the north. At the end of March, after Liu Tai led the peasant army to complete the task of covering the transfer, he followed Zhu De's troops to Jinggangshan.
On May 4, the Leiyang Peasant Army was reorganized into the 34th Regiment of the 12th Division of the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. Liu Tai served as a representative of the Tuan party. In late May, Liu Tai and Kuang Wei led the reorganization from the 34th Regiment into the 1st Guerrilla Group of the Red Army to kill Leiyang. A military conference was held at the Niangniang Temple of Shangjiaqiao and the famous "Four-Eight Chong Regiment" battle was organized. Liu Tai and his wife Xu Rong led the Nanxiang detachment to attack the southwest township area through the Mijiang River, rushing to the area of Nanxiang along the way, destroying more than 10 door-to-door regiments such as Gongping, Xiaoshui, and Yuqing, and rescued hundreds of cadres and masses who were being detained and waiting to die.
Liu Tai led his troops to move to the bituminous coal mountain base area, and when passing through Yuqing's chicken nest, it was surrounded by a 10-fold strong enemy. He ordered his wife Xu Rong to lead the main force to break through, and led a squad to block the enemy, and after the whole class of soldiers was killed, he was also shot in the abdomen and fell in a pool of blood. Finally, with the last fist, Liu Tai suddenly jumped up and grabbed the neck of the bandit company commander with both hands and rolled down the cliff together, heroically sacrificing at the age of 25. Soon, his wife Xu Rong was also arrested and killed, and his brother Liu Ying and sister Liu Dongcai also sacrificed their lives for the revolution.
History 1: Explore the road of "transforming China and the world"
In 1918, Liu Tai attended Chengzhang Middle School in Hengyang City. At that time, the "May Fourth" Movement swept the country, and Hengyang had become the cradle of the Hunan revolution. At the beginning of June, together with Chen Fen, a classmate who was both a fellow villager and a classmate of the Third Division School, he organized a "book club" to study progressive books and periodicals together, explore the road of "transforming China and the world", and organize street speeches to publicize new ideas and new cultures.
Liu Tai is cheerful and arrogant, but also especially able to bear hardships, when the school meeting, he set up the table and chair in advance; organized the speech, he prepared tea in advance; the students of the big and small things, he is willing to help and do not care about gains and losses, quite prestigious among the students, and was later elected as one of the heads of the Shonan Student Federation.
In the spring of 1921, Liu Tai joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League. During the winter vacation, he and several classmates returned to their hometown to organize organizations such as the "Leiyang Students' Federation" and the "Leiyang People's Anti-Imperialist Grand Alliance" to inspire peasants, workers, and businessmen to carry out the struggle to destroy reactionary churches and boycott the goods.
In October of that year, Mao Zedong came to Hengyang to inspect the student movement, and Liu Tai went to the Third Division to listen to Mao Zedong's speech, and his thinking suddenly opened up. He wrote in his diary: "It is impossible to save the people from fire and water by relying only on a few heroes who fight the rich and the poor, and only by awakening the people to work together can we bury the system of exploitation, and the students are the most encouraging force." On this night, he could not forget the suppressive Xiangtan words in Mao Zedong's speech, Mao Zedong's passionate gestures and radiance, and the neat queues and slogans on the playground of the Third Division.
After that, as long as he had time, Liu Tai ran to the third division opposite. Here he found revolutionary beliefs, revolutionary ideals, and confidants, Zhang Qiuren, a teacher of the Third Division (then the first secretary of the Third Normal Branch of the Communist Party of China in Hunan Province, the first party branch in the Shonan region). The two saw each other as they were, and they hated each other late. Under the guidance of Zhang Qiuren, Liu Tai read the Communist Manifesto for the first time and made a large number of notes.
At that time, the Hengyang printing and dyeing workers carried out a strike struggle demanding wage increases and shortened working hours, and Liu Tai immediately went to eat and live with the workers, write slogans, find evidence, and collect materials. In the winter of 1922, he grew from a radical and hot-blooded youth to a staunch communist fighter, and gloriously joined the party organization. Later, Zhang Qiuren introduced him to Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong was very appreciative of this middle school student who was 10 years younger than himself, and like his brother, he told Liu Tai that he should know more about the people's feelings, go to the factories and villages at the most grass-roots level, pay attention to major state affairs, and pay more attention to the struggle between the rich and the poor in his county. A seat, let Liu Taimao set off. During the winter vacation, he and Wu Wensheng and others established a local league branch of the Socialist Youth League in Leiyang, with Liu Tai as secretary and presided over the publication of the organ publication "Xiansheng".
In 1923, liu Tai vigorously developed progressive youth into the league in accordance with the spirit of the "great congress" of the Communist Party of China on the development of the Socialist Youth League as the party's preparatory school. Later, there were more than 60 regiment members in Leiyang, which was the county with the largest number of regiment members in Shonan at that time. Because of his excellent work, he also attended the Second Congress of the Socialist Youth League in Shonan District.
During this period, Liu Tai, Together with Chen Fen and others, founded the Minzhi Primary School at the Jingong Ancestral Hall in Leiyang County, using teaching as a cover to investigate and recruit progressive youth to join the Communist Party of China. In April 1924, the Executive Committee of the Cpc Branch was established, with Liu Tai as secretary.
History Story II: The "Backbone" of the Workers' Movement
In June 1926, the Hunan District of the Communist Party of China appointed Tang Zigang as the secretary of the local executive committee of Leiyang, and Liu Tai was reappointed as a member of the workers' movement of the county executive committee. With the victory of the Northern Expedition, the workers' and peasants' movement in Leiyang set off an unprecedented climax. On November 14, at the same time as the establishment of the county agricultural cooperative, the preparatory office of the county federation of trade unions held a county-wide workers' congress at the county town of Chenghuangmiao, and elected the establishment of the leiyang county federation of trade unions, with Liu Tai as the chairman. At this time, the workers' movement became more open and legalized, and not only trade unions such as dyeing, pharmaceutical, iron, and cake industry in the county were established one after another, but also trade union organizations in Shangbao Street, Xinshi Street, and Mijiang Town. Trade unions often organize activities to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers and punish illegal acts such as capitalists squeezing workers.
Liu Tai also often led trade unions to inspect various districts and towns, guiding the workers' movement in various places and cracking down on illegal capitalists who hindered the development of the labor movement. By the end of 1926, 14 trade union organizations had been established in the county seat, and more than 10 trade union organizations had been established in various districts and towns, with more than 3,000 organized workers. He was also known to the workers as the "main heart".
In 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup, and after the "Ma-Ri Incident" in Changsha in May, Tang Zigang, former secretary of the CPC's Leiyang Local Executive Committee, returned to Changsha. Liu Tai continued to insist on the party's underground struggle under the tight control of the white terror. The Kuomintang offered a reward of 1,000 oceans to arrest Liu Tai, but he fled with tact many times, and then turned to Hankou to find He Long's 20th Army. Soon after arriving in Nanchang, he participated in the Nanchang Uprising, which shocked China and foreign countries, and served as a party representative of the six regiments of the army, fighting from Jiangxi to Hailufeng (now Shanwei City) in Guangdong.
Due to the failure of the uprising, he was sent back to Leiyang to brew a new struggle. Liu Tai and Wu Yunfu assisted Deng Zonghai in rebuilding the county party committee and founded the county party committee organ publication "Qi Tide". Liu Tai and his men separately contacted scattered party members and revolutionary masses, and on many occasions secretly held meetings of workers and peasant cadres in the ancestral halls of The County, Including Wang, Zhou, and He, to formulate the party's tactics and principles during the period of low tide of the revolution, and at the same time secretly developed the armed forces of workers and peasants to fight back against the bloody suppression of the reactionaries.
At the end of 1927, he and Zhou Qu led a guerrilla detachment to take advantage of the marriage of the Kuomintang pseudo-county magistrate Liang Jianfu and the pseudo-judge Cao Shuixian to hold a banquet, quietly surrounded the Cao family, cooperated with the outside, and unexpectedly executed more than 20 bureaucratic bullies, shocking the whole county of Leiyang. Immediately afterward, the Iron Furnace Chong guerrillas punished 5 local tycoons and inferior gentry overnight. Liu Tai continued to send backbone cadres to the countryside to mobilize the masses and unite the peasant armed forces scattered in various places to meet the arrival of the revolutionary climax.
In January 1928, Zhu De and Chen Yi led their troops to successfully revolt in Yizhang, and then marched north to Chenzhou City and Leiyang County. The Leiyang County CPC Committee immediately published this happy news in "Qi Tide". Liu Tai and others went to Zhu De's troops several times to report on their work and asked the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to march into Leiyang, and he was ready to respond to the insurrection. On February 15, Zhu De led his troops into the territory of Leiyang County, and Liu Tai and Deng Zonghai immediately led the workers and peasants to meet them, and suggested to Zhu De to avoid the enemy's heavily guarded south gate and attack from the north gate, which Zhu De approved. At night, Liu Tai and other troops bypassed the enemy's fortified mountains, crossed the water in the dark at dawn the next day, and first set off fireworks at the Qinglong Pagoda on the east side of the city to confuse the enemy, and in less than an hour, they liberated the city of Leiyang.
On February 19, the Soviet Government of Leiyang County was established, with Liu Tai as its chairman. On the day of the establishment of the county Soviet government, Liu Tai personally planted a large red flag with a white plough in the center and planted it high in front of the Duling Academy, the Leiyang Soviet Government. The Soviet government also established five committees, including the Economic Committee, the Land Committee and the Suppression Committee. On the 20th, Liu Tai presided over a meeting to warmly welcome Zhu De and Chen Yi and his troops into Leiyang and celebrate the birth of the Leiyang Soviet Government. The peasant Red Guards and masses of peasants in the tens of miles around the county town held high the red flag and beat gongs and drums to celebrate.
After that, Liu Tai sent backbone cadres deep into various places to establish district and township Soviet governments, and in less than half a month, 37 district Soviet governments and more than 300 township Soviet governments were established in the county. At the beginning of March, he presided over the second congress of workers' and peasants' and soldiers' Soviets in the county, focusing on solving the land problem and determining the policy of taking the village as the basic unit, according to the good and bad mix, and the distribution of land equally by people. The district and township Soviet governments took active action and immediately set off a climax of dividing up the land and the land.